• Journal of The Korean Society of Clinical Toxicology
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.78-82
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• 2016

Purpose: Green tea is known as a potent anti-oxidant, anti-carcinogen, and genetic protector. Glyphosate (N-phosphonomethyl glycine) is a widely used non-selective herbicide that causes DNA damage. The present study was conducted to investigate the protective effects of green tea in human blood lymphocytes exposed to glyphosate using the Sister Chromatid Exchange (SCE) frequency method. Methods: Peripheral blood was obtained from 10 volunteers and cultured through four different conditions. Four groups were divided into control, glyphosate only (300 ng/mL), glyphosate and low ($20{\mu}m$) concentrations of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and glyphosate and high ($100{\mu}m$) concentrations of EGCG. Results: The glyphosate exposed groups had a higher mean SCE frequency ($10.33{\pm}2.50$) than the control group ($6.38{\pm}2.28$, p<0.001). The low concentrations of EGCG groups had a lower mean SCE frequency ($9.91{\pm}1.93$) than the glyphosate-only group, although this difference was not significant (p=0.219). However, the high concentration group ($9.49{\pm}1.85$) had a significantly lower SCE frequency than the glyphosate-only group (p=0.001). Conclusion: EGCG has a gene protective effect in human lymphocytes exposed to the genotoxicity of glyphosate in the case of high concentrations.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.429-435
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• 2018

The aim of this study was to provide different levels of dietary protein for optimum growth performance in calves and to investigate the impact on the concentration of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) in serum. Female Sahiwal calves (n = 12, body weight (BW) = $40{\pm}4.3kg$ and age = $60{\pm}10days$) were selected and divided into three groups with 4 animals in each group. Three diets of T0, T1 and T2 with 18, 20 and 22% of crude protein levels, respectively, were given to the calves to assess the post-weaning growth performance. Calves fed the T2 diet showed a higher (p < 0.05) dry matter (DM) intake than those fed the T0 and T1 diets. The feed conversion ratio (FCR) for the calves fed the T2 diet was lower (p < 0.05) than those of the calves fed the T0 and T1 diets. The T2 group had the highest BW (p < 0.05) compared with the other groups. The concentration of IGF-1 in serum increased (121.9, 143.3, and 152.9 ng/ml for T0, T1, and T2, respectively) as the crude protein (CP) level increased. Overall, the results of this study suggest that post weaning diets T1 and T2 with 20 and 22% crude protein in Sahiwal female calves had significantly increased the BW and serum IGF-1 concentration. The IGF-1 estimation might be a physiological indicator for growth performance.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery Conference
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• 2017.04a
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• pp.151-151
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• 2017

본 연구는 인력을 이용한 품질검사를 수행하고 있는 현장에서 불량 및 품질에 대한 신뢰성이 떨어지고 있는 현상을 해소하기 위해 자동으로 평면도를 측정하고자 하였다. 설계는 Auto CAD를 이용하였다. 평면도 측정기의 크기는 가로${\times}$세로${\times}$높이를 $1000{\times}600{\times}1800mm$로 하였다. 프레임은 $60{\times}60$ 프로파일을 이용하였고 다른 구성 부품은 SUS304 재질을 이용하였다. 측정대상을 올려놓은 상태에서 녹색 버튼을 누루면 작동되도록 되어 있다. 그림 8은 측정결과를 나타낸 것이다. 측정기는 국내업체인 데바의 모델명 EA-20N의 Air Micrometer을 사용하였으며 측정핀의 위치는 조정이 가능하도록 하였다. 평면도 측정 중 설정치수와 같이 않으면 NG 명령과 함께 부저가 울리도록 프로그램하였다. 불량이 발생하면 그림 8과 같이 나타났다. 불량 측정을 위해 측정부의 결과 값이 나타나며 불량이 발생하면 어느 위치에서 불량이 발생했는지를 알 수 있도록 하였다. 또한 결과 값은 자동으로 저장되도록 하였다. 품질확보를 위해 100EA를 측정한 결과 0.00258, 0.00259, 0.00259, 0.00263, 0.00251, 0.00286, 0.00275의 평균값을 나타냈다. 측정값의 검증은 하이트게이지로 측정한 결과 0.002 이내의 결과를 나타냈다. 따라서 본 평면도 측정기를 이용한다면 생산성 향상이 가능하여 가격경쟁력이 있다고 판단된다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Radioactive Waste Society Conference
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• 2004.06a
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• pp.418-418
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• 2004

풀, 토양 또는 지하수와 같은 환경시료 중에 포함된 미량 우라늄을 분석하기 위하여 핵분열 트랙 기입법을 이용하였다. 시료 전처리 방법으로 지하수 시료는 질산 산성으로 만든 후, 토양시료는 질산과 불산을 이용하여 용액화 하였으며, 풀 시료는 전기로를 이용하여 회화한 후, 질산과 불산을 이용하여 용액화 하였다. 이 환경시료 전처리용액들을 각각 0.1mL를 0.9mL Collodion 분산용액에 섞은 후, 우라늄 표준용액과 함께 플라스틱 판($6{\times}6\textrm{cm}^2$) 위에 10$\mu\textrm{\ell}$씩 점적, 건고 시키고 핵분열 트랙기입법을 이용하여 우라늄 농도를 분석하였다. 핵분열 트랙기입법을 위한 중성자조사는 한국원자력연구소 하나로 연구용원자로(열중성자 선속: $2.7{\times}10^{13}n/\textrm{cm}^2{\cdot}sec^{-1}$)에서 10분간 하였으며, 6.25M NaOH 용액($60^{\circ}C$)을 이용하여 10분간 화학 에칭 하였다. 고체트랙검출기 표면에 생성된 핵분열 트랙들은 광학현미경과 image analyzer system을 이용하여 관찰하고 계수하였다. 시료와 같이 점적한 우라늄 표준용액을 이용하여 우라늄 농도에 대한 단위면적당 트랙 수의 상관관계를 구하였으며, 이를 이용하여 시료 내 우라늄 농도를 결정하였다. 본 실험의 결과에 대한 검증을 위하여 동일 시료용액을 분리관을 이용한 전처리 과정을 거친 후 ICP-MS를 이용하여 분석하였다. 우라늄의 선택적 분리를 위하여 U-TEVA 추출크로마토그래피 분리관을 이용하였다. 본 연구의 핵분열 트랙기입법을 이용하여 환경시료를 분석하는 방법은 일반적인 분광법을 이용할 경우, 문제가 되는 방해 원소의 분리를 위한 전처리 과정이 불필요한 장점을 가지고 있으며, 1ng 정도의 미량 우라늄을 분석할 수 있었고, ICP-MS 결과와 20% 오차 이내에서 일치하였다.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.123-131
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• 1994

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) was developed for the detection of residual gentamicin(GM) in edible animal products. The immunogen(GM-KLH conjugate) and coating antigen(GM-BSA conjugate) were prepared by coupling GM sulfate to keyhole limpet hemocyanin(KLH) and bovine serum albumin(BSA) in the presence of 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide hydrochloride, respectively. Polyclonal antibody to GM was produced in rabbits(New Zealand White, female) by using the immunogen and the antibody titer was measured by indirect ELISA. A competitive ELISA was developed using GM-bovine serum albumin conjugate as a coating antigen, GM(as standards or sample), polyclonal antibody to GM, secondary antibody conjugated with horseradish peroxidase as an enzyme, and H2O2 and o-phenylenediamine dihydrochloride as a substrate and a chromophore, respectively. The detection limit of GM was 10 ng/ml and the standard curve of GM(n=26) was linear up to 10 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml in this competitive ELISA system. There were no cross-reactivities of the partially purified antibody between GM and the various antibiotice such as amikacin, benzyl-penicillin, chloramphenicol, erythromycin, furazlidone, kanamycin, neomycin, oleandomycin, streptomycin, sulfathiazole and thiamphenicol(CR50<0.05%)

• Environmental Mutagens and Carcinogens
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.99-106
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• 1991

Facilitated transport of lipophilic benzo(a)pyrene into human fibroblast cells by low density lipoproteins (LDL) was examined. Amounts of [3H]-labeled B(a)P taken up by the Hep 2 fibroblast was increased 3 folds by the addition of LDL (100ng of protein/105 cells) in the media. However, we have found that the facilitated B(a)P transport into cells were diminished by the addition of LDL of which the apoproteins were modified by copper(II) ion-catalyzed oxidation in 10nM copper sulfate. The results of the present study suggest that lipophilic compounds are taken up via adsorptive endocytosis which is mediated by interactions between apoproteins on LDL.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.309-314
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• 2005

We performed a basic experiment for the rapid, on-line, real-time measurement of hepatitis B surface antigen using a surface plasmon resonance biosensor. We immobilized anti­HBsAg (hepatitis B surface antigen) polyclonal antibody, as a ligand, to the dextran layer on a CM5 chip surface that had previously been activated by N-hydroxysuccinimide. A sample solution containing HBsAg was fed through a microfluidic channel, and the reflecting angle change due to the mass increase from the binding was detected. The binding characteristics between HBsAg and its polyclonal antibody followed the typical monolayer adsorption isotherm. When the entire immobilized antibody had interacted, no additional, non-specific binding occurred, suggesting the immunoreaction was very specific. The bound antigen per unit mass of the antibody was independent of the immobilized ligand density. No significant steric hindrance was observed at an immobilization density of approximately $17.6 ng/mm^2$. The relationship between the HBsAg concentration in the sample solution and the antigen bound to the ligand was linear up to ca. $40{\mu}g$/mL. This linearity was much higher than that of the ELISA method. It appeared the anti­gen-antibody binding increased as the immobilized ligand density increased. In summary, this study showed the potential of this SPR biosensor-based method as a rapid, simple and multi­sample on-line assay. Once properly validated, it may serve as a more efficient method for HBsAg quantification for replacing the ELISA.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.439-446
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• 2005

This study was conducted to elucidate the influence of recombinant bovine somatotropin (rBST) on the plasma IGF-I profiles in deer stags. Slow release rBST (250mg each) preparations were injected subcutaneously during the antler's non-growing period and growing period. It was observed that significant increases in the plasma IGF-I concentrations were occurred right after injections of the rBST irrespective of antler's non-growing period or growing period. When the rBST preparations were injected two times with one week interval during the antler's non-growing period, the mean level of IGF-I was found to be 2,920.7ng I mL, indicating that the IGF-I concentration increased up to 8.4-folds compared with a control. After two weeks from second shot, however, the IGF-I levels decreased to the level of the control. Similar results were also obtained with both a Sika and a Red deer during the antler's growing period. Increases in the IGF-I level of up to 5.6-folds with the Sika deer and 4.3-folds with the Red deer were found. Based on the present study, it is likely that the rBST may be used as a possible candidate for an antler's growth stimulating agent.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Environmental Toocicology Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.189-189
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• 2003

Sophoricoside was isolated as the inhibitor of IL-5 bioactivity from Sophora japonica (Leguminosae). To develope as novel anti-allergic drug, kinetic study was performed in rats. Serum concentration of sophoricoside was measured by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) in male Sprague-Dawley rat (250${\pm}$10g, n=5) after oral administration of sophoricoside (100mg/kg). The recovery of sophoricoside after extraction and concentration was above 95 % from rat serum. Between-day precision(relative standard deviation 2.2-2.8%) and within-day precision(2.0-12.1%) were determined from replicate analysis of a spiked control and incurred serum sample. The detection limits of sophoricoside in this serum was approximately 0.1 ng/mL. The Pharmacokinetic parameters were derived from the noncompartmental analysis. The C$\_$max/(3.56${\pm}$0.34 $\mu\textrm{g}$/mL) value for sophoricoside in male rat was observed at 7.6 h. The elimination half-life(t$\_$1/2/) of sophoricoside was approximately 4.47 h, the mean residence time (MRT) averaged 10.75 h, the total body clearance (Cl) averaged 0.0042 mL/min/kg. and the area under the serum concentration-time curve (AUC$\_$0-$\infty$/) was 24.93 $\mu\textrm{g}$$.$hr/mL.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.128-135
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• 2013

BACKGROUND: This study was performed to develop a single residue analytical method for new herbicide metazosulfuron in crops. METHODS AND RESULTS: Brown rice, apple, mandarin, Kimchi cabbage and soybean were selected as representative crops, and clean-up system, partition solvent and extraction solvent were optimized. Instrumental limit of quantitation (ILOQ), linearity of calibration curve and method limit of quantitation (MLOQ) were determined based on the chromatography and whole procedures. For recovery tests, brown rice, apple, mandarin, Kimchi cabbage and soybean samples were macerated and fortified with metazosulfuron standard solution at three levels (MLOQ, 10 MLOQ and 100 MLOQ). And then those were extracted with acetonitrile, concentrated, and partitioned with ethyl acetate. Then the extracts were concentrated again and cleaned-up through $NH_2$ (aminopropyl) SPE cartridge with acetone : dichloromethane (1% acetic acid) (20 : 80, v/v) before concentration and analysis with HPLC. CONCLUSION(S): ILOQ of metazosulfuron was 2 ng (S/N${\geq}$10) and good linearity was achieved between 0.05 and 12.5 mg/Kg of metazosulfuron standard solutions, with coefficients of determination of 0.9999. MLOQ was 0.02 mg/Kg. Good recoveries from 74.1 to 116.9% with coefficients of variation (C.V.) of less than 10% were obtained, regardless of sample type, which satisfies the criteria of Korea Food and Drug Administration (KFDA). Those results were reconfirmed with LC-MS (SIM). The method established in this study is simple, economic and efficient to be applied to most of crops as an official and general method for residue analysis of metazosulfuron.