• BMB Reports
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• 제36권6호
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• pp.565-571
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• 2003

The locomotor responses of human peripheral blood neutrophils and lymphocytes were measured by the change from spherical to polarized shapes in the presence of endotoxins (lipopolysaccharide, LPS) of enteric pathogens: S. dysenteriae type 1, V. cholerae Inaba 569B, S. typhimurium, and K. pneumoniae. We reported earlier that these endotoxins are chemotactic factors for the neutrophils since they stimulated cell polarization within a few minutes of incubation. Endotoxins had an inhibitory effect upon neutrophil phagocytosis of opsonized yeast and the cells engulfed fewer yeasts. Interestingly, endotoxins increased neutrophil adhesion to clean glass surfaces, but stimulated the cells to exhibit increased random locomotion (chemokinesis) through cellulose nitrate filters and show an enhanced ability to reduce nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) dye. Unlike neutrophils, lymphocytes direct from blood do not show polarized morphology towards chemotactic factors but the cells acquire locomotor capacity during 24-72 h culture with mitogens such as phytohemagglutinin (PHA), phorbol myristate acetate or concanavalin A. Stimulation of blood lymphocytes with endotoxins did not induce cell polarization in short-term but long-term culture resulted in an increase in the proportion of polarized cells that acquired locomotor morphologies. The majority of these cells were identified as esterase negative B-lymphocytes that migrated through filters. Despite the optimum time of incubation for each of these cell types being different, we found that lymphocytes respond to much lower concentrations of endotoxins than the neutrophils. These findings suggest that endotoxins of enteric pathogens modulate the functions of human blood neutrophils and lymphocytes.

• 대한임상검사과학회지
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.102-108
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• 2016

Der p 2는 알레르기 질환과 관련이 있는 집먼지 진드기의 주요 알러젠이다. 알레르기 질환의 병인기전은 림프구의 사이토카인 분비와 호중구의 세포고사와 관련이 있다. 본 연구에서는 Der p 2가 림프구의 사이토카인 분비를 유도하고, 유도된 사이토카인이 호중구의 세포고사 조절에 효과가 있는 지를 확인하였다. Der p 2는 정상인과 알레르기 질환의 림프구에서 IL-6, IL-8, MCP-1, GM-CSF의 분비를 증가시켰다. Der p 2는 호중구의 세포고사에 어떠한 효과도 없었지만, Der p 2로 림프구를 자극한 뒤 모은 상층액이 호중구의 자발적 세포고사를 억제시켰다. Der p 2는 정상인의 림프구와 호중구를 공동배양에서 자극한 것 보다 알레르기 질환의 림프구와 호중구의 공동배양에서 자극했을 때 호중구의 세포고사를 더 크게 억제시켰다. Der p 2의 림프구와 호중구의 조절기전 규명은 알레르기 질환의 병인기전을 규명하는데 유용한 결과가 될 것이다.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.11-18
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to identify levels of anxiety, stress hormone, lymphocytes, and neutrophils of the nursing students before an examination and to examine effects of social support on those variables related to taking examinations. Methods: Thirty eight healthy nursing students participated. They completed the questionnaire including state anxiety, test anxiety (VAS scale) and social support two weeks before the exam and again just before the exam. Simultaneously, a venous sample for ACTH, cortisol, lymphocytes & neutrophils count was drawn by a trained nurse. Descriptive statistics, paired t-test, student t-test, and Pearson's correlation with SPSS/WIN 14.0 were used to analyze the data. Results: Test anxiety scores and cortisol level on the exam day showed a significant increment compared with those on the non-exam day. The participants with higher levels of total social support scores showed significantly lower state anxiety on the exam day than those with lower levels of total social support scores. Conclusion: These data indicate a possible alteration in cortisol responsiveness to academic stress in nursing students. Social support would play an important role in modulation of academic stress.

• 대한임상검사과학회지
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• 제47권4호
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• pp.230-236
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• 2015

Dermatophagoides pteronissinus (DP)는 알레르기 질환과 연관이 있는 집먼지 진드기 중 하나이다. 집먼지 진드기에 의해 생성되는 Cystein 단백질분해효소(Derp-1)가 강력한 알레르겐으로 작용한다. 알레르기 병인기전은 림프구의 사이토카인 분비와 호중구의 자발적인 세포고사와 연관이 있다. 본 연구에서는 Derp-1이 림프구에서 사이토카인 분비를 유도하는지 여부와 이에 의해 호중구 세포고사 조절에 영향을 주는지를 실험 해보았다. 정상인과 알레르기 환자의 림프구에서, Derp-1에 의해 IL-6, IL-8, MCP-1그리고 GM- CSF의 분비가 증가됨을 보였다. Derp-1이 단독으로 호중구에 영향을 주는 것은 아니지만, Derp-1으로 호중구를 자극한 뒤 모은 상층액이 호중구의 세포고사를 억제시킴을 확인하였다. 정상인의 호중구와 림프구를 co-culture하여 Derp-1을 처리한 결과 호중구의 세포고사가 억제되었고, 이보다 알레르기 환자에서 시행되어진 것이 그 효과가 더 크게 나타났다. 즉, Derp-1은 사이토카인의 분비를 증가시키고, 이로 인해 정상인과 알레르기 환자의 호중구의 세포고사를 억제시킨다. 이를 통해 알레르기 질환의 병인기전을 밝히는데 유용한 자료가 될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한임상검사과학회지
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.188-195
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• 2016

본 연구에서는 집먼지 진드기 추출물은 호중구에 단독으로 작용하는 것보다, 림프구와 호중구의 공동배양에서 호중구의 세포고사를 더 억제시켰다. 집먼지 진드기는 알레르기 질환의 림프구에서 IL-6, IL-8, MCP-1, GM-CSF의 분비를 증가시켰다. 집먼지 진드기에 의해 증가된 사이토카인은 protein kinase C ${\delta}$의 억제제인 rottlerin과 p38 MAPK의 억제제인 SB202190에 의해서 감소하였다. 집먼지 진드기에 의해 활성화된 p38 MAPK은 protease-activated receptor (PAR2)의 억제제, rottlerin, SB202190에 의해서 억제되었다. Serine protease 억제제인 aprotinin과 cysteine protease 억제제인 E64은 림프구의 사이토카인의 증가와 관련이 없었다. 또한 집먼지 진드기에 의해 증가된 사이토카인의 변화는 천식과 알레르기 비염 환자에서 차이가 없었다. 림프구에서 집먼지진드기에 의해서 분비되는 분자들은 호중구의 유주운동을 억제시켰다. 본 연구를 통하여 집먼지진드기에 의해 유발되는 알레르기 질환의 병인기전을 규명하는데 유용한 결과가 될 것이다.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.232-236
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• 2005

Background: A physically active lifestyle and regular exercise training incurs many health benefits. One recently recognized benefit of regular moderate exercise is stress reduction and immune enhancement. Thus, a physical stress such as exercise may act at any number of points in the complex sequence of events collectively termed the immune response. Although exercise causes many propound changes in parameters of immune function, the nature and magnitude of such changes rely on several factors including the immune parameters of interest; type, intensity, and duration of exercise; fitness level or exercise history of the subject; environmental factors such as ambient temperature and humidity. Methods: This study was undertaken to investigate the effect of different type of exercise on superoxide dismutase (SOD), neutrophils, and T lymphocytes of Sprague-Dawley rats. Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups; a non-Trained group (NTG, n=6), a swim-Trained group (STG), and a treadmill-Trained group (TTG). The exercise regimen was designed in a treadmill (5 times/5 days/week) during 8-weeks for TTG, and swim training (5 times/5 days/week) during 8-weeks for STG, and the volume of exercise training was the same in both groups. Results: 8 weeks of regular swim and treadmill training significantly increased liver SOD concentration however, muscle SOD concentration was not statistically significant. In the level of neutrophils, TTG and STG showed significant difference, compared to NTG. TTG was the highest level of neutrophils. In the level of immune cell counts, there was significant difference among TTG, STG, and NTG both in the spleen and thymus. Conculsion: In conclusion, it can be stated that eight weeks swim and treadmill exercise training has beneficial effect in improving immune response and antioxidant defence capacity by augmenting immune cells and SOD activities of SD rats.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제79권1호
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• pp.5-13
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• 2016

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic and progressive inflammatory disease of the airways and lungs that results in limitations of continuous airflow and is caused by exposure to noxious gasses and particles. A major cause of morbidity and mortality in adults, COPD is a complex disease pathologically mediated by many inflammatory pathways. Macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, and CD8+ T-lymphocytes are the key inflammatory cells involved in COPD. Recently, the non-coding small RNA, micro-RNA, have also been intensively investigated and evidence suggest that it plays a role in the pathogenesis of COPD. Here, we discuss the accumulated evidence that has since revealed the role of each inflammatory cell and their involvement in the immunopathogenesis of COPD. Mechanisms of steroid resistance in COPD will also be briefly discussed.

• 한국가축번식학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.21-25
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• 1993

We have previously shown that gossypol injection into the stroma of testis was found to effectively inhibit the process of spermatogenesis. In this study, properties and chemistry of blood were investigated weekly in ICR mouse after the injection of gossypol into the testicular stroma(5, 10 or 15mg per kg body weight). There were no significant differences in red blood cell(RBC), hematocrit, white blood cell(WBC), basophils, eosinophils and monocytes during first 4 weeks after injection of gossypol between treatments, but neutrophils increased and lymphocytes decreased, respectively(P<0.05). Total content of protein, albumin and globulin were not different, compared with control. However, the concentration of glucose after injection of gossypol increased significantly(P<0.05). In conculsion, the results of this study indicated that injection of gossypol into stroma of testis might affect both properties and chemistry of blood in mice.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제10권2호통권23호
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• pp.41-46
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• 2007

Effects of mahwang(Ephedrae herba) aqua-acupuncture at sinsoo (B-23)and Jisil(B-52)on adrenal cortical insufficiency were investigated in dexamethasone treated rats. Concentration of serum cortisol was decreased in dexamethasone treated rats. However, these values showed a tendency to increase in mahwang(Ephedrae herba) aqua-acupuncture groups. Concentration of serum total protein was increased in dexamethasone treated rats. However, these values were decreased by the mahwang(Ephedrae herba) aqua-acupuncture. The portion of neutrophils was decreased and the portion of lymphocytes and eosinophils were increased in dexamethasone treated rats. However, in mahwang(Ephedrae herba) aqua-acupuncture groups, the portion of neutrophils showed a tendency to increase and the portion of lymphocytes and eosinophils showed a tendency to decrease. In dexamethasone treated rats, the weight of adrenal glands were decreased, however these values were increased in mahwang(Ephedrae herba) aqua-acupuncture groups.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.299-307
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• 1986

The each rumen of six goats was incised and sutured with chromic catgut, polyglycolic acid and nylon. Tissue reaction to each suture materials was observed and comared at the 7th, 14th and 21st post-operative days. The predominent inflammatory cells around suture materials are macrophages, fibroblast and neutrophils. A few lymphocytes was infiltrated around suture materials. Infiltration of neutrophils was rapidly diminished but infiltration of macrophages, fibroblasts and lymphocytes were persisted. The overall grade of tissue reaction varid by suture materials. At the 7th post-operative days, tissue reaction to chromic catgut was most prominant and that of polyglycolic acid and nylon was moderate. At the 14th and 21st postoperative days, tissue reaction to each suture materials was not greatly different.