• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.131-140
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• 2014

Purpose: This study was done to evaluate the efficacy of Nei-Guan acupressure on nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing laparoscopic prostatectomy with intravenous patient controlled analgesia (IV-PCA). Methods: Data were collected between August 13, 2012 and January 31, 2013 at a hospital in Busan. The participants were 45 men, who underwent the surgery laparoscopic prostatectomy, with IV-PCA. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, $x^2$-test, repeated measures ANCOVA and Games-Howell test with PASW 18.0. Results: Nei-Guan acupressure had an interaction effect on nausea between group and time (F=5.01, p<.001), group (F=10.80, p<.001), time (F=26.51, p<.001) in laparoscopic prostatectomy with IV-PCA and also an interaction effect on vomiting between group and time (F=2.77, p=.032), group (F=8.89, p=.001), time (F=4.01, p=.022). Conclusion: Results indicate that nei-guan acupressure is a potentially effective therapy for the prevention of nausea and vomiting which occur with IV-PCA. Therefore, if patients complain of nausea and vomiting when receiving IV-PCA, nurses can provide patients with information about nei-guan acupressure and help them with nausea and vomiting.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2010

Purpose: This study tested the effects of Nei-Guan acupressure on nausea, vomiting, and anorexia of lung cancer patients on chemotherapy. Methods: A nonequivalent control group pre-post test design was used to identify the effect of Nei-Guan acupressure on nausea, vomiting, and anorexia of lung cancer patients on chemotherapy. The participants were 60 patients who were admitted to a hospital for chemotherapy from February 1 to October 28, 2009. The patients were randomly assigned to the control group (n=30) or experimental group (n=30). The data were analyzed using Mann-Whitney test. Results: Nausea, vomiting, and anorexia were significantly decreased in the experiment group compared to the control group on the day of discharge from the hospital. However, the levels of nausea, vomiting, and anorexia between two groups were not statistically significant seven days after the discharge. Conclusions: Nei-Guan acupressure is effective in decreasing nausea, vomiting and anorexia of the patients with lung cancer on chemotherapy on the on the day of the discharge while the effectiveness is not certain 7 days after the discharge. Further study is needed to confirm these findings.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.96-102
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• 2011

Purpose: Patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) is an effective method for controlling post surgical pain. However, it is associated with adverse drug reactions such as nausea and vomiting. In this, study we tested the effects of Nei-Guan (P6) acupressure on PCEA-associated nausea, vomiting, and pain in geriatric patients after total knee replacement arthroplasty (TKRA). Methods: Ninety-nine patients who had TKRA for the first time were randomly assigned to either, experiment group (n=50) or control groups (n=49). All patients received PCEA immediately after surgery, but acupressure on Nei-Guan (P6) point was applied to experiment group only. Ten minutes of finger acupressure on Nei-Guan (P6) acupressure point was applied twice with 15 minute-interval in the experiment group. The incidence of nausea, vomiting, and retching as well as pain intensity were assessed at 12 and 24 hours after surgery. Nausea, and vomiting were assessed by Index of Nausea, Vomiting and Retching (INVR) questionnaire. Pain intensity was measured with frequency of analgesics. Results: Vomiting both was significantly different between two groups at 12 hours (t=-2.18, p=0.03) and 24 hours (t=-2.64, p=0.01) after surgery. Total scores of nausea, vomiting and retching in experimental group was significantly lower than control group 24hours after surgery (t=-2.18, p=0.03). However, pain was not different between two groups. Conclusion: Nei-Guan (P6) acupressure may be considered as an effective nursing intervention to decrease PCEA-associated nausea and vomiting in older patients after TKRA.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.593-601
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• 2005

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of Nei-Guan(P6) acupressure on nausea and vomiting in pregnant women having hyperemesis gravidarum. Method: The research design was a randomized control-group pretest-posttest repeated measure design with counter balancing. For the experimental treatment, P6 acupressure was carried out for ten minutes. Data was collected from April 1. 2003 to April 30. 2004. The participants were 66 patients admitted with hyperemesis gravidarum. They were divided into three groups, a P6 acupressure group, placebo point group and a control group. Result: Hyperemesis gravidarum patients who received P6 acupressure during admission experienced much less nausea and vomiting than the placebo acupressure and control group(F=8.259, p=.001). Conclusion: Nei-Guan(P6) acupressure is considered an effective intervention for reducing nausea and vomiting in pregnant women having hyperemesis gravidarum. Further more Nei-Guan(P6) acupressure maybe used as an independent nursing intervention method for pregnant women with severe nausea and vomiting.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.423-432
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• 2010

Purpose: This study was done to examine effects of Nei-Guan acupressure on nausea, vomiting and level of satisfaction for gynecological surgery patients who were using a patient-controlled analgesia (PCA). Methods: For this study, 51 patients were assigned to one of three groups, a control group (17 patients), experimental group 1 (finger acupressure group) (17 patients), and experimental group 2 (relief band group) (17 patients). The data were collected for 24 hr in the recovery room of a university hospital located in Seoul. The 6 hr-intervals including the time of leaving the recovery room were taken into consideration. Results: The occurrence of nausea between the experimental group with Nei-Guan acupressure treatment and the control group was different. However, there was no difference in nausea and vomiting control or level of patient satisfaction between the finger acupressure group and the relief band group. Conclusion: Nei-Guan acupressure is recommended for nursing practice as a way for alleviating the opioid-induced nausea and accelerating the recovery of patients who are using PCA after surgery.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.26-33
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of Nei-Guan acupressure on nausea, vomiting, and anorexia in gynecological cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. Methods: Subjects consisted of 40 patients with cancer who were hospitalized and had chemotherapy at a general hospital located in Gyeonggi province, Korea. Control subjects (n=20) received only chemotherapy and intervention subjects (n=20) received Nei-Guan acupressure during their chemotherapy. The data were collected from February to October in 2008. Nausea and vomiting were measured with the Rhode's Index of Nausea, Vomiting, and Retching, and anorexia was measured using a Visual Analog Scale. Data were analyzed by X$^2$-test, t-test, repeated measures ANOVA. Results: Severity of nausea and vomiting in the intervention group was significantly less than in the control group. Repeated measure ANOVA revealed significant group effect (F=28.09, p=.000), time effect (F=321.48, p=.000), and interaction effect (F=7.90, p=.000). Severity of anorexia in the intervention group was significantly less than in the control group. Repeated measure ANOVA revealed significant group effect (F=28.68, p=.000), time effect (F=52.32, p=.000), and interaction effect (F=6.35, p=.000). Conclusions: Acupressure can be applied as a supportive nursing intervention to relieve nausea, vomiting, and anorexia in patients receiving chemotherapy.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.75-85
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• 2017

Purpose: This study was conducted to examine the effects of Pericardium Kimek (K9) and Nei-Guan (P6) acupressure on relief of the anxiety, nausea, retching and physiologic changes (oxygen saturation, blood pressure, heart rate, temperature and respiration) in the patients undergoing unsedated esophagogastroduodenoscopy. Methods: A quasi-experimental research design was used. The participants were assigned into the listed three groups, i.e., the control group, the first experimental group (E1: K9 acupressure group) and the second experimental group (E2: P6 acupressure group). A total of 60 participants were included for analysis. Results: The severity of nausea (F=3.503, p=.037), the oxygen saturation (F=5.417, p=.007). and the respiration rate (F=7.270, p=.002) showed statistically significant differences in three groups. Conclusion: Based on the results of the present study, K9 acupressure with moxa pellets and P6 acupressure with wristbands (Sea-Band) are considered to be safe and an easy-to-apply intervention to relieve nausea and maintain the level of oxygen saturation and respiration rate in patients undergone unsedated esophagogastroduodenoscopy.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.503-512
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• 2008

Purpose: This study was to identify the effects of Nei-Guan accupressure using a wrist band on postoperative nausea and vomiting after middle ear surgery. Methods: The study design was a nonequivalent control group non-synchronized posttest design. Forty patients were assigned into two groups of 20 patients, the wrist band group and the control group. In the wristband group, acupressure was applied with a wrist band on the P6 point at both wrists from 30 min before to 24 hr after anesthesia. Results: The 1st hypothesis 'Applied wrist band groups will have a greater reduction in the nausea & vomiting grades by INVR than the control group' was accepted (t=2.303, p=.028). The 2nd hypothesis 'The Applied wrist band groups will have a greater reduction in the occurrence of nausea & vomiting than the control group' was partly accepted. The 3rd hypothesis 'The applied wrist band group will have a greater reduction in injection of antiemetics for 24 hr. post anesthesia than the control group' was rejected. Conclusion: Acupressure on the P6 point using a wrist band is effective to alleviate nausea for middle ear surgery patients.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.14 no.11
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• pp.378-388
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• 2014

This research is to figure out the influence of hand holding and Nea-Guan acupressure to anxiety and pain that local anesthesia patients feel in out patient operation room. Non equivalent control group pretest-posttest time series design was adopted and the data had been collected from Jul. to Oct. 2013. Total 78 local anesthesia patients of out patient operation room in the H Hospital were allotted by control group, experimental group 1( hand holding) and experimental group 2(Nea-Guan acupressure) which consisted of 26 patients each. Hand holding and Nea-Guan acupressure in this research was validated to relieve the anxiety and the pain of the local anesthesia patients in operation and can be adopted as an efficacious nursing interventions.

• Asian Oncology Nursing
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.116-126
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• 2011

Purpose: This study was to analyze the characteristics and effect size of intervention studies that used acupressure for the control of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV). Methods: Nine electronic databases including Korea Education Research and Information, the National Assembly Library, KISS, Korea Med, NDSL, PubMed, EBSCO, Cochrane library, and OVID (to December, 2009) were searched. Thirteen studies of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) or controlled clinical trials (CCTs) were selected. Data were analyzed by SPSS/WIN 18.0. Results: Overall effect size of acupressure was moderate (0.684). Nausea had a moderate effect size (0.770) and nausea and vomiting had a high effect size (0.899). Acupressure using sticker needles had a high effect size (1.368) among finger acupressure, si-acupuncture, and wrist band treatment. Conclusion: This study suggests that acupressure using sticker needles on the spots of nei-guan, chok-samni and hap-kok can reduce the levels of nausea and vomiting in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. For improving the reliability of the meta-analysis results, further randomized controlled trials with better study methodology are needed.