• Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment
• /
• v.12 no.1
• /
• pp.67-77
• /
• 2018

To investigate the effects of forest and the surrounding natural and anthropogenic sources on the bulk depositions on forested land, this study examined differences in ion concentrations between wet-only and bulk samples at two forested sites in Japan. The surrounding natural and anthropogenic sources at each site were different; Shirasaka is in a rural area and Tanashi is an urban environment. The volume weighted (vw) mean concentrations of $K^+$ and $Ca^{2+}$ in the bulk samples were significantly (p<0.05) higher than those in the wet-only samples at both sites. The forest canopy and a nearby incineration plant were hypothesized to be the main sources of $K^+$ contaminants at Shirasaka and Tanashi, respectively. The transport of sea salt and urban dust may explain the presence of enriched $Ca^{2+}$ concentrations in the bulk samples at Shirasaka and Tanashi, respectively. The $NH_4{^+}$ concentrations in the Shirasaka bulk samples were significantly (p<0.05) lower than those in the wet-only samples. The vw mean $SO{_4}^{2-}$ and $NO_3{^-}$ concentrations in both sample types were not significantly different at either site. This study demonstrated that the ion concentration differences between wet-only and bulk samples were affected by nearby natural and anthropogenic sources even at forest sites, similar to previous findings for non-forested locations. However, the $K^+$ concentration differences between wet-only and bulk samples may be higher owing to forest sources, even in the absence of anthropogenic sources.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
• /
• v.48 no.8
• /
• pp.113-128
• /
• 2010

The purposes of this study were 1) to divide consumers into segments according to their consumption attitude and subjective knowledge about natural dyed products 2) to develop a profile for each segment with respect to the media types, the preferred media programs, the information sources, the lifestyle activities and the demographics. Data(n = 213) was collected using questionnaires via the internet. By cluster analysis of the consumers' attitude and their subjective knowledge about natural dyed products, four groups were identified 1) the loyal consumption group (20.1%), 2) the conditional/reluctant consumption group(36.6%), 3) the negative/reluctant consumption group(24.2%) and 4) the non purchasers(19.1%). Several characteristics of these four groups were then compared by ANOVA and chi-square statistics. The results indicated that the consumption attitude and subjective knowledge could be the criteria for segmenting the consumers and that the segmented groups had unique consumer characteristics. Implications of this study were discussed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Applied Microbiology Conference
• /
• 2000.04a
• /
• pp.142-149
• /
• 2000

Recent molecular and polyphasic taxonomic approaches toward bacterial systematics have played a significant role in revolutionizing our insight in the taxonomy of bacterial organisms. This advance has also contributed greatly to delineation of new taxa from bacterial organisms isolated from a variety of natural sources of Korea. Recently, many bacterial organisms have isolated from soil, seawater, foods, wastewaters and humans of Korea and have been subjected to polyphasic taxonomic study. From the results of this study, some isolates have been found to be members of new genera and new species.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
• /
• 2002.04b
• /
• pp.289-291
• /
• 2002

Host of source separation methods focus on stationary sources so higher-order statistics is necessary In this paler we consider a problem of source separation when sources are second-order nonstationary stochastic processes . We employ the natural gradient method and develop learning algorithms for both 1inear feedback and feedforward neural networks. Thus our algorithms possess equivariant property Local stabi1iffy analysis shows that separating solutions are always locally stable stationary points of the proposed algorithms, regardless of probability distributions of

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
• /
• 2004.11a
• /
• pp.814-819
• /
• 2004

When we evaluate sound, there are various methods for noise such as A-weighted SPL(sound pressure level), NC(noise criteria), NR(noise rating) and SIL(speech interference level) etc. however, it is not sufficient for the sounds supplied to public places used in soundscape design. Consequently it is needed to develop the tool for evaluating the good acoustical environment and futhermore quantifying the effect of improvement by supplying sound sources. In this study, it was tried to analyse the sound sources applied for soundscape design using sound quality parameters. The sound sources used were natural sound artificial sound. For the sound quality parameters, Loudness(L), Sharpness(S), Fluctuation strength(FL), Tonality(T), Roughness(R), Unbiased Annoyance(UA) were used and sound quality values were compared both natural and artificial sounds, depending on the convolution of sound sources with background noise, the duration, the frequency contents and the SPL. As a result, the values of L and UA have shown to be changed comparing to the other parameters, and it is necessary to analyse the correlation with subjects' responses.

• Journal of Microbiology
• /
• v.39 no.4
• /
• pp.254-264
• /
• 2001

Sponges are host organisms for various symbiotic microorganisms such as archaea, bacteria, cyano-bacteria and microalgae. Sponges are also sources of a wide variety of useful natural products like cyto-toxins. antifouling agents, antibiotics, and anti-inflammatory and antiviral compounds, Symbiotic microorganisms is sponges can be sources of various natural products, because metabolites previously ascribed to sponges have recently been demonstrated to be biosynthesized by symbionts. If a symbiotic microorganisms from which some natural products are derived can be cultured, the microorganism could be used in a mass production of the bioactive comopounds. We summarize recent research on iso-lation and cultivation of sponge-symbiotic microorganisms and the symbiotic relationship.

• Proceedings of the Ginseng society Conference
• /
• 1978.09a
• /
• pp.145-148
• /
• 1978

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Life Science Conference
• /
• 2000.09a
• /
• pp.30-30
• /
• 2000

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
• /
• v.21 no.1
• /
• pp.1-48
• /
• 1990

Marine organisms have proven to be rich sources of interesting organic molecules. A great number of compounds with diverse structural features and interesting biological activities have been isolated. Recent studies on secondary metabolites of marine organisms are discussed with a focus on a variety of biological activities and marine natural product literatures are also reviewed.

• BMB Reports
• /
• v.28 no.4
• /
• pp.342-347
• /
• 1995

The induction of glucoamylase biosynthesis from the yeast Candida tsukubaensis by different carbon sources was investigated by using either an enzyme activity assay or immunoblot analysis. The induction by C. tsukubaensis appears to be independent of the carbon sources, although the level of enzyme activity was lower in slowly utilizable carbon sources such as galactose. This glucoamylase is a constitutive enzyme and its biosynthesis is resistant to carbon catabolite repression. Glucose was more effective for the enzyme induction than starch, maltose or glycerol. In addition, this enzyme is regulated by both induction and repression.