• 한국가스학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.18-26
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• 2017

현재의 초음파 두께 측정에 기반한 배관 감육 검사 속도를 개선하기 위해 배관 쉘 진동 모드의 고유 진동수 변화를 이용한 감육 검사 기법을 제안하였다. 감육이 발생한 부위의 축방향 수직 단면의 두께는 원주 방향을 따라 불균일하게 변화하는데, 두께가 균일한 경우에 비해 쉘 모드의 고유 진동수가 감소하거나 두 개 이상으로 분기됨을 확인하였다. 배관의 고유 진동수는 한 번의 측정으로도 평가할 수 있으므로, 제안한 방법을 이용하면 축방향 수직 단면의 평균 두께 변화를 빠르게 확인할 수 있어 초음파 두께 측정 방식에 비해 신속한 감육 검사가 가능하다. 본 논문에서는 제안 기법의 원리를 설명하고, 2차원과 3차원 감육 배관 모델 및 시편을 이용한 전산 해석과 실험을 통해 제안한 기법의 적용성을 검증하였다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.747-763
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• 2009

In this work, the linear vibration characteristics of $90^{\circ}$ pipe bends and their cylindrical and toroidal shell components are studied. The finite element method, based on shear-deformation shell elements, is used to carry out a vibration analysis of metallic multiple $90^{\circ}$ mitred pipe bends. Single, double, and triple mitred bends are considered, as well as a smooth bend. Sample natural frequencies and mode shapes are given. To validate the procedure, comparison of the natural frequencies is made with existing results for cylindrical and toroidal shells. The influence of the multiplicity of the bend, the boundary conditions, and the various geometric parameters on the natural frequency is described. The differential quadrature method, based on classical shell theory, is used to study the vibration of components of these bends. Regression formulas are derived for cylindrical shells (straight pipes) with one or two oblique edges, and for sectorial toroidal shells (curved pipes, pipe elbows). Two types of support are considered for each case. The results given provide information about the vibration characteristics of pipe bends over a wide range of the geometric parameters.

• 한국가스학회지
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.58-64
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• 2016

본 연구에서는 굴곡진 배관에서 내부 유체의 유동속도의 변화에 따른 진동특성을 고찰 하였다. 해밀톤의 원리에 근거하여 운동방정식을 유도하고 굽어진 배관계의 유한요소 방정식을 구성한 후, 진동수 방정식을 풀이하여 고유 진동수를 구하였다. 곡관부에 가해지는 초기 인장력을 무시하였을 경우에는 내부 유체의 유동속도가 증가함에 따라 파이프의 고유진동수의 값은 감소하였다. 초기 인장력을 고려할 경우에는 내부 유동속도의 변화에 상관없이 파이프의 고유진동수가 변하지 않았다. 배관의 자유진동 평가 시, 정확한 고유진동수를 구하기 위해서는 시스템 운동방정식을 구성할 때, 초기인장력을 반드시 고려하여야한다. 공진을 회피하기 위해서는 파이프의 강성 및 지지점의 위치를 변화시킴으로써 시스템의 기계적 성질을 조절해야 한다. 고유진동수는 가진 진동수 범위로부터 이격시켜야 한다. 엘보우의 각도는 제1차 고유진동수에 영향을 미치지 않음이 고찰되었으나, 3차 모드나 그 이상의 고주파 모드에서는 영향을 미쳤다.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2006년도 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.1053-1060
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• 2006

This paper consider an initially deformed state caused by the pressurized fluid flowing through the pipe at a constant velocity. When the initial forte is neglected in curved pipes, the natural frequencies are reduced as flow velocity increases. However, when the initial tension took into account, the natural frequencies are not changed with the change of the flow velocity. As the internal pipe pressure is increased the natural frequencies are also slightly increased. In free vibrational simulation of piping systems in petrochemical plants, it is necessary to calculate the initial state force due to the velocity and the pressure of the fluid flow from the equilibrium first, then the force should be included in the equation of motion of the systems to get more accurate natural frequencies. In this study, calculate the mass matrix and stiffness matrix of piping system by MATLAB

• 한국시뮬레이션학회논문지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.105-114
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• 1998

Using finite elements, a simulation is prformed for the pipe systems to investigate free vibrational characteristics, that is natural frequencies, considering the intial tension due to the velocity and the pressure of the inside fluid flow. To confirm the program developed in this study, the results are compared with the results of commercial software ANSYS. When the initial tension is neglected in curved pipes, the natural frequencies are reduced as flow velocity increases, and the rapid decreases of the natural frequencies took place. However, when the initial tension is taken into account, the natural frequencies are not changed with the change of the flow velocity. In free vibrational simulation of pipe systems, it is necessary to calculate the initial state force due to the velocity and the pressure of the fluid flow from the equilibrium first, then the force should be included in the equation of motion of the systems to get more accurate natural frequencies.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.635-658
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• 2005

The possibility of detecting a crack in L-shaped pipes filled with fluid based on measurement of transverse natural frequencies is examined. The problem is solved by representing the crack by a massless rotational spring, simulating the out-of-plane transverse vibration only without solving the coupled torsional vibration and using the transfer matrix method for solution of the governing equation. The theoretical solutions are verified by experiments. The cracks considered are external, circumferentially oriented and have straight front. Pipes made of aluminium and mild steel are tested with water as internal fluid. Crack size to pipe thickness ratio ranging from 0.20 to 0.57 and fluid (gauge) pressure in the range of 0 to 10 atmospheres are examined. The rotational spring stiffness is obtained by an inverse vibration analysis and deflection method. The details of the two methods are given. The results by the two methods are presented graphically and show good agreement. Crack locations are also determined by the inverse analysis. The maximum absolute error in the location is 13.80%. Experimentally determined variation of rotational spring stiffness with ratio of crack size to thickness is utilized to predict the crack sizes. The maximum absolute errors in prediction of crack size are 17.24% and 16.90% for aluminium and mild steel pipes respectively.

• 한국시뮬레이션학회논문지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.115-123
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• 1998

A simulation is performed to investigate the effect of the pipe supports on the change of the natural frequencies of curved pipe systems containing fluid flow, for different elbow angles and geometry of the pipe systems. Based upon the Hamilton's principle, the equations of motions are derived, and the finite element equation is constructed to solve the corresponding eigenvalue problem. The angles of elbows do not affect the change of the fundamental natural frequency, but affect the change of the third or higher natural frequencies. Without any support, the change of the fundamental natural frequency due to the geometric change is smaller than the change of the second or higher natural frequencies. The more curve parts exist in the pipe system, the less change of lower frequency range, compared with the change of higher frequency range, is observed. Spring supports can be used to reduce the fundamental natural frequency, without change of the second or higher natural frequencies. To avoid resonance, which is critically dangerous from the view point of structural dynamics, the mechanical properties such as stiffness or the location of pipe supports are need to be changed to isolate the natural frequencies from the frequency range of dominant vibration modes.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.306-315
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• 1991

본 연구는 두개의 직선 pipe가 elbow로 연결된 piping system의 내부에 유체가 흐를때 발생하는 out-of-plane 운동을 다루었으며, Extended Hamilton's principle을 이용하여 운동방정식을 유도하였다. clamped-clamped, clamped-pinned; pinned-pinned인 경계조건을 갖는 piping system의 경우, dynamic instability는 일어나지 않음을 고찰하였으며, 각 경계조건에 대한 진동수 방정식으로부터 고유진동수의 수치해를 얻었다. 유체의 속도와 Coriolis힘이 진동수에 미치는 영향을 고찰하였고, 유체의 속도와 압력이 어느값을 넘어설때 buckling-type instability가 일어남을 알았다. 그리고 유체의 속도와 압력의 함수로 등가임계속도를 정의하고 여러가지 경계조건에 대해 buckling 이 일어나는 등가임계속도를 계산하였다.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.61-66
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• 2002

The nonlinear differential equations of motion of a fluid conveying curved pipe are derived by use of Hamiltonian approach. The extensible dynamics of curled pipe is based on the Euler-Bernoulli beam theory. Some significant differences between linear and nonlinear equations and the dynamic characteristics are discussed. Generally, it can be shown that the natural frequencies in curved pipes are changed with flow velocity. Linearized natural frequencies of nonlinear equations are slightly different from those of linear equations.

• 에너지공학
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.335-341
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• 2001

펌프에서는 회전차와 케이싱의 간섭에 의해 압력 펄스가 발생하게 되는데, 이러한 압력 펄스가 펌프의 배관계와 공진을 형성하게 되면 큰 진동 및 소음을 일으켜 문제를 야기시킬수 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 단단·한쪽흡입형 벌류트 펌프를 대상으로 하여 펌프성능에 영향을 미치는 인자 가운데 회전차 외경과 흡입경을 고정하고, 깃의 입·출구각과 깃 수를 단계적으로 변화시켜 이에 따른 압력펄스의 변화와 배관계와 공진현상 조건을 실험적으로 규명하였는데, 배관계의 진동은 토출량 및 펌프의 회전수보다 배관 및 회전차의 형상에 크게 영향을 받음을 알았다.