• Journal of Life Science
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• v.21 no.11
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• pp.1619-1624
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• 2011

Endophytic fungal strains were isolated from the roots of six species plants in the Dokdo islands. Native plant samples, such as Artemisia japonica, Chenopodium album and Solanum nigrum were isolated from Dongdo, and those such as Cyrtomium falcatum, Dianthus longicalyx and Tetragonia tetragonoides were isolated from Seodo. In total, thirty two fungal strains were isolated from these native plants. To identify the fungal strains, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of internal transcribed spacer (ITS: containing ITS1, 5.8s and ITS2 region) regions was done with universal primers ITS1 and ITS4. Endophytic fungi of four species were isolated from A. japonica, eight species from C. album, three species from S. nigrum, three species from C. falcatum, three species from D. longicalyx and eleven species from T. tetragonoides. Culture filtrates (CF) of isolated endophytic fungi were used to treatwaito-c rice seedlings to test plant growth-promoting activity. As a result of bioassay, Ca-5-2-2 strain isolated from C. album expressed highest plant growth-promotion activity. Of all the endophytic fungi isolated, Penicillium sp., Fusarium sp. and Aspergillus sp. were the most abundantly distributed fungal strains in the six plants used in this study.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.77-86
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• 2002

Chitin, a $\beta$-1,4 polymer of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, is one of the most abundant organic compounds in nature. Chitinase (EC 3.2.1.14) is an enzyme that degrades chitin to chito-oligosaccharides, diacetyl rhitobiose and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine. An extracellular chitinase-producing bacterial strain was isolated from soil and named to as Bacillus subtilis JK-56. Optimum culture condition of B. subtilis JK-56 for the production of chitinase was 1% chitin, 0.5% polypepton, 0.1% KCl, 0.05% MnS $O_4$.4$H_2O$, 37$^{\circ}C$, initial pH 7.0 and 40 hour culture time. When B. subtilis JK-56 was grown in the optimum medium, one major active band and two minor active bands were detected by native-PAGE and active staining of the gel. Among them, the major band was purified from the culture supernatant by 70% ammonium sulfate precipitation and native-PAGE with BIO-RAD Model 491 Prep-Cell and named as Chi-56A. Its molecular weight was estimated to be 53kDa monomer and the isoelectric point (pI) was pH 4.3. The pH and temperature for the optimum activity of Chi-56A were pH 6.0 and $65^{\circ}C$, respectively. Chi-56A was stable up to $65^{\circ}C$ and in alkaline region. Its $K_{m}$ value for colloidal chitin was 17.33g/L. HPLC analysis of the reaction products confirmed that Chi-56A was an exo type chitinase.e.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.171-202
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• 2024

If the plant genetic resources and information-sharing systems held by arboretums worldwide are effectively utilized, it is believed that a conservation system for plant diversity in the currently inaccessible North Korean region could be established. This study was conducted to review the scientific names of plants native to North Korea but not to South Korea and to assess the status of genetic resources held in domestic and international arboretums. To compile a list and status of North Korean plant's genetic resources, updated checklists of vascular plants in Korean Peninsula and online plant information databases were consulted to compile synonym, distribution range, and other related information. A total of 486 taxa (449 species, 13 subspecies, 21 varieties, 1 forma and 2 hybrids) from 236 genera and 64 families, representing 12.34% of the total native flora of the Korean Peninsular were presented in the North Korea plant list, and the presence of rare, endemic and northern lineage species was confirmed. It was found that 384 taxa from 190 genera, 53 families of North Korean plants are held as genetic resources in 333 arboretums and plant research institutions across 46 countries and 5 continents worldwide. This study is expected to contribute to the construction and application of a species list for plants native to the Korean Peninsula.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.522-534
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• 2017

This study was investigated genetic variation in 24 Taraxacum accessions from various regions in South Korea based on the sequences of two chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) regions (trnL-trnF and rps16-trnK). T. mongolicum, T. officinale, and T. laevigatum were triploid, and T. coreanum and T. coreanum var. flavescens were tetraploid. The trnL-trnF region in native Korean dandelions (T. mongolicum, T. coreanum, and T. coreanum var. flavescens) were ranged from 931 to 935 bp in length, and that of naturalized dandelions were ranged from 910 bp (T. officinale) to 975 bp (T. laevigatum) in length. The rps16-trnK region in T. mongolicum, T. coreanum, T. coreanum var. flavescens, T. officinale, and T. laevigatum was 882-883 bp, 875-881 bp, 878-883 bp, 874-876 bp, and 847-876 bp, respectively, in length. The sequence similarity matrix of the trnL-trnF region ranged from 0.860 to 1.00 with an average of 0.949, and that of the rps16-trnK region ranged from 0.919 to 1.000 with an average of 0.967. According to the phylogenetic analysis, the Korean native taxa and naturalized taxa were divided independent clade in two cpDNA region. T. coreanum var. flavescens clustered only with T. coreanum, and there were no significant differences in their nucleotide sequences. The finding that two accessions (T. coreanum; Jogesan, T. mongolicum; Gangyang) had a high level of genetic variation suggests their utility for breeding materials.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.497-510
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• 1992

This study was attempted to comparative investigate the types and regional distribution of the endocrine cells in several vertebrates immunohistochemically using seven antisera. From carp pancreas could be observed 4 types which are insulin-, glucagon-, som- and BPP-immunoreactive cells. Insulin-immunoreactive cells were mainly distributed at the periphery and a few cells occupied the central region of the islets. Glucagon-immunoreactive cells were distributed at the periphery of the islets, and som - and BPP-immunoreactive cells were located at the central region. From frog pancreas could be observed 4 types which are insulin-, glucagon-, som- and BPP-immunoreactive cells. Insulin-immunoreactive cells were distributed throughout the islets. Som-immunoreactive cells were distributed at the periphery of the islets, and glucagon- and BPP-immunoreactive cells were found as single cell or as small groups located between the pancreatic acini. From snake pancreas could be observed 3 types which are insulin-, glucagon- and som -immunoreactive cells. Insulin-immunoreactive cells were distributed throughout the small islets, and they also were scattered at the periphery of the large islets. Glucagon-immunoreactive cells were distributed at the periphery of the islets, whereas som-immunoreactive cells were occupied the central region. From Ogolgae pancreas could be observed 4 types which are insulin-, glucagon-, som-and BPP-immunoreactive cells. Insulin-immunoreactive cells were distributed throughout the small islets, but at the periphery of the large one. Glucagon- immunoreactive cells were distributed at the periphery of the small islets and in the large islets showed scattering entired. Som-immunoreactive cells were distributed at the periphery of the small islets and in the large islets were located at the central region. A small numbers of BPP-immunoreactive cells were located at the periphery of the small islets and the exocrine regions. From the pancreas of the Korean native goat could be observed 6 types which are insulin-, glucagon-, som-, BPP-, 5-HT- and porcine-CG-immunoreactive cells. Insulin-immunoreactive cells were distributed throughout the islets. Som-immunoreactive cells were located at the periphery of the islets, but a tew were scattered at the central region of islets and in the epithelium of the secretory duct. Glucagon-, BPP-, 5-HT- and porcine CG-immunoreactive cells were distributed at the periphery of the islets. These findings indicated that the regional distribution patterns and cell types of pancreatic endocrine cells in vertebrates varies considerably among phylogenetically different vertebrates.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.42
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• pp.131-163
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• 2016

The issue of migrants has always been a social problem in France. Particularly, migration issues from the Maghreb region to multicultural France are recognized as topics of confrontation and conflict. One of the many reasons would be that the Maghreb migrant issue is interpreted with a hostile or conflicting 'Arab-Islam' meaning in the West. Therefore, the naming of natives from this region as 'Arab-Maghrebis' has become a common phenomenon. However, deeper understanding of the Maghreb region will explain that such naming could produce a number of problems. This is because the native Maghrebis, not only in the Maghreb region but also in France, are Berbers. Among the various Berbers, the Kabyles are in many ways different from the Arabs in their language, culture, and way of thinking. Apart from the difference in their lifestyle, there is a deep anti-Arab sentiment within them that represents their resistance against the hundreds-of-years Arab domination. This feature has also been used as France's tool of colonial division policy during the colonization period. The purpose of this study is to discuss the settlement process of the Kabyles in France by paying attention to their features. The Kabyles were the first to migrate to France among the natives of the Maghreb region. This study focuses on the process of their migration and search for identity, as well as how they continued to form community and the Berber's cultural movement. Through these series of processes, it is possible to point out the fictitious claim in France and in Korea that Maghrebis are Arab-Muslims. Lastly, the current use of Berber language in France and Algeria is not a coincidental phenomenon, rather it has a connection with the prolonged cultural movement and the settlement process of the migrants in France.

• Journal of Practical Agriculture & Fisheries Research
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.27-33
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to compare the storage and post-storage changes of Cheorwon onions and onions for each region. Onion is a perennial plant belonging to the lily family. It is native to Persia of Southwest Asia. It is cultivated much in the temperate regions of the world. Cheorwon area is inland, but it has high continental climate due to its high altitude. Therefore it is said that the onion cultivated in this region has higher sugar content and higher taste than onion grown in southern region. Although the results of onion storage experiments in Cheorwon, Muan, Buan, and Changnyeong regions did not show much difference in weight, width, and height measurements before and after storage, Brix was reduced by approximately 1-2 brix. Before and after storing in each region, Brix was the highest in Cheorwon, Changnyeong, Buan, and Muan, and after saving, onions in Cheorwon were the same order. After each region was stored, the results showed that Cheorwon (112.3g), Muan (106g), Buan (102.1g) and Changnyeong (92.6g) had the highest hardness. Cold storage tests show that onions contain the least amount of corruption in paper boxes, while Cheorwon onions have the lowest level of corruption in other areas.

• Journal of Animal Environmental Science
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.167-174
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• 2008

This survey was conducted to investigate housing types of Korean native cattle and beef cattle farms in Korea. The farm sized over 50 heads of cattle, 7,433 farms were surveyed. Regarding housing types for Korean native cattle and beef cattle, litter barn, freestall, mooring+litter ground and others accounted for 87.1, 9.8, 3.0, and 2.9 %, respectively. Most of Korean native cattle and beef cattle farms (94.7%) used litter floor rather than scraper. As for roof types, slate, panel, iron plate, galvanized plate, colored iron plate and sunlight represented 32.2, 13.7, 12.2, 10.2, 9.7, and 8.9 %, respectively. Open side wall type and winch curtain were 55.6, and 47.6 %, respectively. Bigger farms seemed to used more winch curtain than open style. Utilization period of automatic feeder, waterer, electric facility, and cooling facility was 6.7, 8.0, 8.5, and 6.0 years, respectively.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.140-145
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• 2008

Expression of olive flounder hepcidin I (HepI) fused with truncated OmpA signal peptides ($OmpASP_{tr}$) as directional signals does not produce soluble fusion proteins. However, by inserting amino acid segments (xxx) varying in pI and hydrophobicity/hydrophilicity into a leader sequence containing a truncated OmpASP ($OmpASP_{tr}$) and a factor Xa cleavage site (Xa) [$OmpASP_{tr}{\mid}(xxx){\mid}Xa$], we were able in some cases to express soluble recombinant HepI. Soluble expression of the recombinant protein strongly correlated with (xxx) insertions of high pI and hydrophilicity. Therefore, we modified the $OmpASP_{tr}{\mid}(xxx){\mid}Xa$ sequence by inserting Arg and Lys into (xxx) to increase the hydrophilicity of the signal peptide region. These modifications enhanced the expression of soluble recombinant HepI. Hydropathic profile analysis of the $OmpASP_{tr}{\mid}(xxx){\mid}Xa$ HepI fusion proteins revealed that the transmembrane-like domains derived from the $OmpASP_{tr}{\mid}(xxx){\mid}Xa$ sequence were larger than the internal positively charged domain native to HepI. It should therefore be possible to overcome the obstacle of internal positively charged domains to obtain soluble expression of recombinant proteins by monitoring the hydrophilicity and hydropathic profile of the signal peptide region using a computer program.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.381-395
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• 2007

After the democratization process since 1988, the national scale voting behavior in congressional elections has changed from a rural-government party and urban-opposite party connection to a political regionalism oriented pattern. In this context, the case study with provincial border regions aims to investigate possible party identification change of the region, and to find a relationship between polling score ratio and socio-political characteristics of the candidates. As a result, Yeongdong shows a strong negation to the presumed Chungcheong local party and shows a continuous party identification with the Kyungsang local party. Muju reveals a more or less weakened identification with the Jeolla local party, on the contrary, Kimcheon shows a unchanged strong identification with the Kyungsang local party. The regional neighborhood effect was verified quite partly between the subdivision districts of the border regions. With a application of linear fitting method, it is certified that voters have attached great importance to the belonging party, native place, as well as political career of the candidates as a voting criterion.