• Title/Summary/Keyword: National treatment principle

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Review of Pathogenesis, Pattern Differentiation, Treatment Principle, Formula of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Autism Spectrum Disorder (자폐 스펙트럼 장애의 한의학적 병인, 변증, 치법, 처방에 대한 문헌적 고찰 -중의학 논문을 중심으로-)

  • Doh, Tae Yun;Lee, Sun Haeng;Lee, Jin Yong;Chang, Gyu Tae
    • The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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    • v.32 no.2
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    • pp.11-25
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    • 2018
  • Objectives The purpose of this study is to provide evidence of pathogenesis, pattern differentiation, treatment principle, formula of traditional Chinese medicine for autism spectrum disorder by reviewing journal articles published in China. Methods We searched literatures dated up to 8 January, 2018 in China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and evaluated pathogenesis, pattern differentiation, treatment principle, formula of traditional Chinese medicine for autism spectrum disorder. Results Thirty four studies were selected for analysis. These studies included pathogenesis, pattern differentiation, treatment principle, formula of traditional Chinese medicine for autism spectrum disorder. The most common pattern differentiations were the pattern of kidney essence depletion, pattern of phlegm confounding the orifices of the heart, pattern of dual vacuity of the heart and spleen, pattern of effulgent heart-liver fire, pattern of liver failing to course freely. The most common treatment principles were supplementing the kidney, transquilizing, fortifying the spleen, transforming phlegm, opening the orifices, and calming the liver. The most commonly-used formulas were Yukmijihwangtang (六味地黃湯), Modified Ondamtang (加味溫膽湯), Guibitang (歸脾湯), Yangsimtang (養心湯), Jwaguihwan (左歸丸), Cheonmagudeungeum (天麻鉤藤飮), and Danchisoyosan (丹梔逍遙散). Conclusions This study shows the latest trend of pathogenesis, pattern differentiation, treatment principle, formula of traditional Chinese medicine for autism spectrum disorder. Further study is needed to solidify these findings.

A Study on the Realities and Preventive Countermeasures of Child Abuse Committed by Biological Parents by information analysis.

  • Ryu, Chae-Hyoung;Yoon, Hyun-Seok
    • Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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    • v.24 no.5
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    • pp.171-177
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    • 2019
  • In this paper, we analyze the current phenomenon of child abuse crimes based on the information gathered by the National Child Protection Agency. The purpose of this paper is to diagnose the seriousness of child abuse by biological parents based on the analyzed information and propose measures against it. Comprehensive and integrated measures are needed for child abuse committed by biological parents due to abuse concealment, continuity of damage, and inactive national intervention by considering punishment on attackers through national intervention, fundamental in-depth psychological counseling, therapeutic care, promoting recovery of victims, and ultimately continuous and regular management and monitoring as a long-terms measure. To do so, developing customized and individual educational programs and make them obligations can be first presented to identify child abuse in advance and build up preventive systems based on the principle of family preservation. In addition, problems should be addressed at a fundamental level by performing various and active therapeutic treatments such as psychological treatment, mental treatment, or drug treatment gradually and through phases for biological parents who commit child abuse and contributing to recovering the relationship. Furthermore, proper protection and treatment service should be provided to children victimized by abuse by extending professional children care facilities and adopting the professional family commission system as measures by separating family.

Monitoring of Recycling Treatment System for Piggery Slurry Using Neural Networks (신경회로망을 이용한 순환식 돈분처리 시스템의 모니터링)

  • Sohn, Jun-Il;Lee, Min-Ho;Choi, Jung-Hea;Koh, Sung-Cheol
    • Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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    • v.9 no.2
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    • pp.127-133
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    • 2000
  • We propose a novel monitoring system for a recycling piggery slurry treatment system through neural networks. Here we tried to model treatment process for each tank(influent, fermentation, aeration, first sedimentation and fourth sedimentation tanks) in the system based on population densities of heterotrophic and lactic acid bacteria. Principle component analysis(PCA) was first applied to identify a relation between input(microbial densities and parameters for the treatment) and output, and then multilayer neural networks were employed to model the treatment process for each tank. PCA filtration of input data as microbial densities was found to facilitate the modeling procedure for the system monitoring even with a relatively lower number of input. Neural networks independently trained for each treatment tank and their subsequent combinatorial data analysis allowed a successful prediction of the treatment system for at least two days.

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Optimal Internet Worm Treatment Strategy Based on the Two-Factor Model

  • Yan, Xiefei;Zou, Yun
    • ETRI Journal
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    • v.30 no.1
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    • pp.81-88
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    • 2008
  • The security threat posed by worms has steadily increased in recent years. This paper discusses the application of the optimal and sub-optimal Internet worm control via Pontryagin's maximum principle. To this end, a control variable representing the optimal treatment strategy for infectious hosts is introduced into the two-factor worm model. The numerical optimal control laws are implemented by the multiple shooting method and the sub-optimal solution is computed using genetic algorithms. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed optimal and sub-optimal strategies. It also provides a theoretical interpretation of the practical experience that the maximum implementation of treatment in the early stage is critically important in controlling outbreaks of Internet worms. Furthermore, our results show that the proposed sub-optimal control can lead to performance close to the optimal control, but with much simpler strategies for long periods of time in practical use.

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Interpretation on Effects of Boiungikgitangchunbang on Allergic Rhinitis Treatment (알레르기 비염치료에 대한 보중익기탕춘방의 작용 해석)

  • Kim, Min Seo;Hwang, Yun Sin;Chae, Han;Kwon, Kang
    • Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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    • v.32 no.5
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    • pp.305-314
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    • 2018
  • This study was designed to understand the patho-physioloigcal mechanism of effects of Bojungikitangchunbang on Allergic Rhinitis. The mechanism was examined in three parts of concept of allergic rhinitis, composition of prescription, and concept of ascending and descending principle. And the relationship between the thoracic cavity and the abdominal cavity during respiration was also explored. The mechanism of Bojungikgitangchunbang on rhinitis treatment was systematically analyzed from the pathophysiological perspectives, and it was found to treat nose, spleen and lungs related to the ascending and descending principle. The water-dampness and edema causing allergic rhinitis are formed by disturbed ascending and descending mechanism when the Junggi goes down. The Bojungikgitangchunbang eliminates water-dampness and edema by ascending the troubled Junggi.

Application and Expansion of the Harm Principle to the Restrictions of Liberty in the COVID-19 Public Health Crisis: Focusing on the Revised Bill of the March 2020 「Infectious Disease Control and Prevention Act」 (코로나19 공중보건 위기 상황에서의 자유권 제한에 대한 '해악의 원리'의 적용과 확장 - 2020년 3월 개정 「감염병의 예방 및 관리에 관한 법률」을 중심으로 -)

  • You, Kihoon;Kim, Dokyun;Kim, Ock-Joo
    • The Korean Society of Law and Medicine
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    • v.21 no.2
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    • pp.105-162
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    • 2020
  • In the pandemic of infectious disease, restrictions of individual liberty have been justified in the name of public health and public interest. In March 2020, the National Assembly of the Republic of Korea passed the revised bill of the 「Infectious Disease Control and Prevention Act.」 The revised bill newly established the legal basis for forced testing and disclosure of the information of confirmed cases, and also raised the penalties for violation of self-isolation and treatment refusal. This paper examines whether and how these individual liberty limiting clauses be justified, and if so on what ethical and philosophical grounds. The authors propose the theories of the philosophy of law related to the justifiability of liberty-limiting measures by the state and conceptualized the dual-aspect of applying the liberty-limiting principle to the infected patient. In COVID-19 pandemic crisis, the infected person became the 'Patient as Victim and Vector (PVV)' that posits itself on the overlapping area of 'harm to self' and 'harm to others.' In order to apply the liberty-limiting principle proposed by Joel Feinberg to a pandemic with uncertainties, it is necessary to extend the harm principle from 'harm' to 'risk'. Under the crisis with many uncertainties like COVID-19 pandemic, this shift from 'harm' to 'risk' justifies the state's preemptive limitation on individual liberty based on the precautionary principle. This, at the same time, raises concerns of overcriminalization, i.e., too much limitation of individual liberty without sufficient grounds. In this article, we aim to propose principles regarding how to balance between the precautionary principle for preemptive restrictions of liberty and the concerns of overcriminalization. Public health crisis such as the COVID-19 pandemic requires a population approach where the 'population' rather than an 'individual' works as a unit of analysis. We propose the second expansion of the harm principle to be applied to 'population' in order to deal with the public interest and public health. The new concept 'risk to population,' derived from the two arguments stated above, should be introduced to explain the public health crisis like COVID-19 pandemic. We theorize 'the extended harm principle' to include the 'risk to population' as a third liberty-limiting principle following 'harm to others' and 'harm to self.' Lastly, we examine whether the restriction of liberty of the revised 「Infectious Disease Control and Prevention Act」 can be justified under the extended harm principle. First, we conclude that forced isolation of the infected patient could be justified in a pandemic situation by satisfying the 'risk to the population.' Secondly, the forced examination of COVID-19 does not violate the extended harm principle either, based on the high infectivity of asymptomatic infected people to others. Thirdly, however, the provision of forced treatment can not be justified, not only under the traditional harm principle but also under the extended harm principle. Therefore it is necessary to include additional clauses in the provision in order to justify the punishment of treatment refusal even in a pandemic.

Approach to Frontal Sinus Outflow Tract Injury

  • Kim, Yong Hyun;Kim, Baek-Kyu
    • Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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    • v.18 no.1
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    • pp.1-4
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    • 2017
  • Frontal sinus outflow tract (FSOT) injury may occur in cases of frontal sinus fractures and nasoethmoid orbital fractures. Since the FSOT is lined with mucosa that is responsible for the path from the frontal sinus to the nasal cavity, an untreated injury may lead to complications such as mucocele formation or chronic frontal sinusitis. Therefore, evaluation of FSOT is of clinical significance, with FSOT being diagnosed mostly by computed tomography or intraoperative dye. Several options are available to surgeons when treating FSOT injury, and they need to be familiar with these options to take the proper treatment measures in order to follow the treatment principle for FSOT, which is a safe sinus, and to reduce complications. This paper aimed to examine the surrounding anatomy, diagnosis, and treatment of FSOT.

The Study on the Mangeum-syndrome(亡陰證) of Soyangin in Sasang Constitutional Medicine (SCM) (소양인(少陽人) 망음증(亡陰證)에 관한 고찰 - 갑오본(甲午本)과 신축본(辛丑本)을 중심으로 -)

  • Kwon, Oh-Il;Lee, Ji-Hyeon;Kim, Yun-Hee;Hwang, Min-Woo
    • Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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    • v.23 no.1
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    • pp.44-52
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    • 2011
  • 1. Objectives: This research was proposed to find out how the recognition on Mangeum-syndrome(亡陰證) of Soyangin in Sasang Constitutional Medicine(SCM) evolved from "Donguisusebowon-GabObon(東醫壽世保元甲午本)"(DGO) to "Donguisusebowon-ShinChukbon(東醫壽世保元辛丑本)"(DSC). 2. Methods: We compared "Donguisusebowon-GabObon(東醫壽世保元甲午本)"(DGO) with "Donguisusebowon-ShinChukbon(東醫壽世保元辛丑本)"(DSC) to know how the symptom, mechanism, treatment principle and treatment methods on Mangeum-syndrome(亡陰證) of Soyangin in Sasang Constitutional Medicine(SCM). 3. Results and Conclusions: (1) The way to categorize the Exterior Disease and Interior Disease was different between DSC and DGO. (2) There was only a fundamental mechanism about the Boktongseolsa-syndrome(gastralgia and diarrhea) and no treatment principles and treatment methods about it in DGO. But the Boktongseolsa-syndrome was evolved into Mangeum-syndrome(亡陰證) in DSC with a detailed mechanism and treatment principles of it. (3) The evolution of Mangeum-syndrome(亡陰證) in DSC from Boktongseolsa-syndrome in DGO was attributed to the experience of treatment on Seomeo-syndrome(譫語證).