• Convergence Security Journal
• /
• v.3 no.2
• /
• pp.41-55
• /
• 2003

Today the traditional national intelligence activities which are mainly based on classified informations are confronted with several problems. These are excessive collection cost, morality of intelligence activity, objectivity of intelligence, intelligence dead zone and timeliness of intelligence etc. On the other hand, circumstances of national intelligence activity are rapidly changed. Those are rapid growth of internet, transformation of classified information into open one and rapid growth of intelligence capabilities of private sector. To cope these problems and circumstances, we reevaluated OSINT(Open Source INTelligence) which is collected from all kinds of open source informations on the internet. First, we classified OSINT into four categories corresponding to the traditional classified collection methods i.e., IMINT, SIGINT, HUMINT and MASINT. And we evaluate the value of OSINT in comparison with classified collection methods. Finally a system for national intelligence activity based on all kinds of open source intelligence on the internet is proposed, described and compared with the system of traditional national intelligence activity.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
• /
• v.5 no.5
• /
• pp.453-464
• /
• 2003

This study is to analyze that the pluralism is the main aspect of the modem fashion which examines the definition and the character of the pluralism. This will also consider the pluralism that appeared on the modern fashion which is based on them. The main point of pluralism is that the world is necessarily aware of plural and difference. Also many values which is focused on the previous generation, for instance disorganize of westernism, androcentrictrism, christianism and powerful nationalism, what is called unfamiliar, heterogeneous, the others and the circumference things. As these were rehabilitated, morality, ethics, religion or politics were all became possible to choose for one's taste. The pluralism expressed in modern fashion can be divided as collapse of genre, grafting the lower and higher orders cultivation, variety way of approaching in time, internationalism. The result for the consideration is that the pluralism has candid attitude for everything so that in the modern fashion is importing variety range of artistic definition. Namely, it is not only containing previous pure art, elegance art and element of artistic sublime beauty, but also has aesthetics of ugliness, deconstructive art and anti-fashion so that the definition of the art is getting vagueness and diverse.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
• /
• v.24 no.5
• /
• pp.670-686
• /
• 2012

The purpose of this study is to analyze current state of education departments in Korean universities and to find out ways to help education major students shape their future career. The findings of the study are as follows. First, the comparative analysis of the current state of education and education-related departments showed that average employment rate of education departments in 2011 was 35.0%, whereas that of related departments was 56.6%, which showed a significant difference. Second, education courses were specialized in areas such as lifelong educator qualifications, teaching certificates in morality/ethics, corporate HRD(human resource development), etc. in case of education departments. In case of education-related departments, education courses were specialized in areas such as teaching certificates in pedagogy, lifelong educator qualifications, license of school counselor, corporate HRD, etc. Though there were many overlapping areas, specialization was relatively more common and diverse in education-related departments. Next, to help students shape their future career, developments in specialized career courses, new career fields, and career education models were suggested. To give shape to the progress plans, the development of standard education courses for student careers, the introduction of certification system about course specialization, and search for the career path of teaching profession which allows utilization of the knowledge of education were suggested.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
• /
• v.16 no.5
• /
• pp.471-477
• /
• 2016

The construction industry is very important to supply the facilities and infrastructure in Korea. However, the images of construction industry are negative in actual. In addition, the studies to improve the images of construction industry up to now have a limitation to research the images about that time. So, in this study, the authors examined and analyzed the peoples' trend changes of the images of construction industry with time. The results showed that the positive images of construction industry about the contribution to national economy and the future prospect are diminished. And it is revealed that the negative images of construction industry about the morality are decreased, too. The authors proposed the strategies to improve the images of construction industry by the based on these results.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
• /
• v.11 no.2
• /
• pp.61-78
• /
• 2003

This study compared the levels of North Dakota and South Korean conventional and sustainable farmers' participation in community organizations. The North Dakota data were collected in 1990 from a sample of 568 farm and ranch operators. and the South Korean data were collected in late 1999 and early 2000 from a sample of 147 farmers through interviews and surveys. The data were analyzed using the SPSS ANOV A computer program. The sustainable farmers in both countries were more likely to participate in community organizations than the conventional farmers. Nevertheless, through this comparative study it was found that some differences between two countries exist due to their different cultural backgrounds. Whereas Americans were oriented more to morality and ethics influenced by church, farmers in Korean were more influenced by civil movements. Whereas the reduced tillage farmers in Americans were more likely to be sustainable farmers, the mixed farmers in Korea were more likely to belong to conventional farmers. While individuals in community organizations focused on the economics of agriculture, sustainable farming and farmers' social participation were social matters, which were used to develop sustainable community.

• Health Policy and Management
• /
• v.13 no.4
• /
• pp.99-114
• /
• 2003

This study was performed to determine the effect of social class distribution as measured by lower social class rate on all cause and cause specific mortality in Korea. I obtained data on social class, fiscal autonomy of municipalities, number of medical doctors, region(Si/Gun) from 1955 Korea Census Data and Regional Statistics Data. And all of the data on mortality adjusted for age for 1995 for each district from the National Statistics Office. Lower social class rate ranged from 18.9％ for Kangnam gu to 85.7％ for Imsil gun and age standardized mortality ranged from 385/100,000 population for Kangnam go to 803/100,000 population for Sinan gun. Lower social class showed had a significant correlation with total mortality adjusted for age(r=0.81, p<0.0001). The association of the rate to total mortality remained highly significant after adjusted for number of medical doctors per 1,000 population, fiscal autonomy of municipalities and region(p<0.0001). Effects of the lower social class were also found for neoplasm (p=0.0008)； cardiovascular disease (p<0.0001)； infectious disease(p=0.0115)； respiratory disease(p=0.0085)； gastrointestinal disease(p<0.0001)； accident ＆ poisoning (p<0.0001). The findings suggest that policies that deal with the inequality in social class may have an important impact on the health of the population.

• Informatization Policy
• /
• v.20 no.1
• /
• pp.3-21
• /
• 2013

This study reviewed academic research related to the cyberethics in the field of humanities and social sciences. The most active and vibrant field of cyberethics is Pedagogy, followed by Law, communication, philosophy, social welfare science, sociology, business administration and psychology. In the field of cyberethics every major has different research themes. The research trend of cyberethics does not reflect distinctiveness of cyberspace, remaining in previous ethical philosophy. Further, it just establishes abstract morality. In the overall research of cyberethics lacks recognition of information human rights, therefore, it shows little tendency to living ethics. Moral recognition based on information human rights should be emphasized, and multi-disciplinary study is requested for future studies.

• Journal of the military operations research society of Korea
• /
• v.28 no.2
• /
• pp.85-94
• /
• 2002

Calculation of proper expenses on acquisition and purchasing defense product is matter of survival and weighing the morality for both defense industry and the national facilities. With this reason, both parties have been a big job to estimate the resonable cost. The cost are composed of many subordinated parts such as material cost, labor cost, and so on. In the compositions of that cost, the most important part in between companies and the government throughout the whole calculating process is to define the proper labor cost. When both parties calculate imported articles or overhead expenses, they can easily calculate and confirm by documented evidences or related materials. In other hand, the labor cost, which can be seen as two absolutely different numbers and opinions can be created, depends on analyzer's point of view. These interpretation and judgment of data cannot avoid analyzer's intention. In accordance with the above matters, defining the reasonable labor cost will be the top priority in order to analyze the proper expenses. This study will provide a method of proper labor cost estimation before starting the actual manufacturing to calculate the rational labor cost.

• English & American cultural studies
• /
• v.10 no.2
• /
• pp.267-289
• /
• 2010

Nationalism endorses a collective movement to establish an authentic position in the international cultural and political arena. Arguably the dialectic of nationalism and geopolitics bears a reassuring similarity to the philosophical lineage going back, at least, to Hegelian dialectic of universality and particularity. This dialectic platform has been concerned with sustaining, among other things, the dynamics between the universal and the particular. In practical terms, nationalism prompts increased sensitivity to socio-political pressures coming from abroad to cancel the national particularity into geopolitical, so-called universal, anonymity. Drawing suggestively from psychoanalysis, Lacanian ethics in particular, this discussion articulates the ethics of nationalism. Recounting Kantian self-determination as a reference point for responsible morality, Lacan suggests the problematics of desire as an alternative index for ethics. As individual desire flows from the unfathomable abyss of misrecognition, Lacanian ethics dissuade individuals to unlearn the fantasy that their own real desire, a residue produced by the Symbolic process, can be satisfied with that very socio-cultural Symbolic. Subjecting nationalism to Lacanian implications, Zizek illuminates nationalism as a small screening object which obscures as much as displays the circuits to the individual desire. Psychoanalytic ethics addresses that the ethical base should be found upon the particular, individual, real desire. As far as the nationalist cause also puts emphasis upon particularity rather than universality, nationalism is logically positioned to exert reflective efforts on empowering its constitutive individuals. Lacanian ethics persuades us to challenge the universal claim and to work through to regenerate nationalism in presenting its final contribution towards individual particularities.

• The Southeast Asian review
• /
• v.22 no.2
• /
• pp.1-41
• /
• 2012

The peasant societies of East Asia had been challenged by capitalist plantation since colonization and by socialist collectivization since decolonization. The former was decisively weakened due to the crisis of the capitalist system in the 1930s and the collapse of the colonial order in the 1940s; The latter was thoroughly discredited due to the reform of the socialist system in the 1980s and the end of the Cold War in the 1990s. The failure of the two epochal challenges demonstrates the historical sustainability of peasant societies in East Asia. Their survival represents the universality of Northeast and Southeast Asia, which can be ascribed to the ecological environment and production process of wet-rice agriculture for their common staple food. In spite of their diverse differences, indeed, peasant societies in colonial East Asia shared profound similarities in their basic motivations (morality-rationality), central tendencies (involution - polarization), structural outcomes (dualism - pluralism), and future prospects (survival-extinction).