• Journal of Acupuncture Research
• /
• 제28권4호
• /
• pp.57-64
• /
• 2011

Objectives : The aim of this study is to overview the current status of Cochrane systematic review of acupuncture. Methods : Published Cochrane systematic reviews and protocols for evaluating acupuncture and/or moxibustion were searched by the terms 'acupuncture' and 'moxibustion' in Issue 1, Cochrane Library, 2011. Only reviews or protocols that regarded acupuncture or moxibustion as primary methods of intervention in their reviews were included. Data regarding first author national affiliation, intervention and disease, as well as the number of reviews or protocols that included Korean, Chinese, or Japanese databases in search strategies were obtained. Results : We found 92 hits at screening, and 59 studies were eligible for this review. Included interventions were acupuncture (n=56), auricular acupuncture (n=2), and moxibustion (n=1) for various diseases and conditions. The number of publications of Cochrane systematic reviews or protocols increased gradually from 2002 to 2011. First authors' affiliations were located in China (n=32), Australia (n=8), UK (n=7), Canada (n=4), U.S. (n=4), Germany (n=2), Norway, (n=1) and Korea (n=1). 44, four and four Cochrane reviews adopted Chinese, Korean and Japanese databases, respectively. Conclusions : Search strategies in a substantial number of Cochrane reviews or protocols for acupuncture and moxibustion heavily relied on Chinese databases. Korean databases were underused in existing Cochrane reviews and protocols, and Korean authors were much less involved in the Cochrane systematic reviews or protocols than Chinese authors. Further studies need to be conducted in order to incorporate evidence of acupuncture reported in Korean databases into the Cochrane systematic reviews.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
• /
• 제35권3호
• /
• pp.198-207
• /
• 2017

Purpose: Whether preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) is better than postoperative CRT in oncologic outcome and toxicity is contentious in prospective randomized clinical trials. We systematically analyze and compare the treatment result, toxicity, and sphincter preservation rate between preoperative CRT and postoperative CRT in stage II-III rectal cancer. Materials and Methods: We searched Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Library from 1990 to 2014 for relevant trials. Only phase III randomized studies performing CRT and curative surgery were selected and the data were extracted. Meta-analysis was used to pool oncologic outcome and toxicity data across studies. Results: Three randomized phase III trials were finally identified. The meta-analysis results showed significantly lower 5-year locoregional recurrence rate in the preoperative-CRT group than in the postoperative-CRT group (hazard ratio, 0.59; 95% confidence interval, 0.41-0.84; p = 0.004). The 5-year distant recurrence rate (p = 0.55), relapse-free survival (p = 0.14), and overall survival (p = 0.22) showed no significant difference between two groups. Acute toxicity was significantly lower in the preoperative-CRT group than in the postoperative-CRT group (p < 0.001). However, there was no significant difference between two groups in perioperative and chronic complications (p = 0.53). The sphincter-saving rate was not significantly different between two groups (p = 0.24). The conversion rate from abdominoperineal resection to low anterior resection in low rectal cancer was significantly higher in the preoperative-CRT group than in the postoperative-CRT group (p < 0.001). Conclusions: As compared to postoperative CRT, preoperative CRT improves only locoregional control, not distant control and survival, with similar chronic toxicity and sphincter preservation rate in rectal cancer patients.

• 정보화정책
• /
• 제18권4호
• /
• pp.85-102
• /
• 2011

정보기술과 콘텐츠가 만난 전자책에 세계는 주목하고 있고 전자책 시장은 하나의 융합된 산업으로 급부상 중이다. 세계 각국이 전자책 산업의 가능성과 성장세에 주목하며 적극적으로 신(新)시장에 참여하고 있고, 국내 시장도 도약을 준비하는 상태라고 할 수 있다. 어떠한 시기에 가장 밀접한 관련이 있는 자료들을 디지털화된 형태로 바로 구할 수 있는 선택권이 없다는 사실은 급변하는 사회에서 문제가 될 수밖에 없다. 그러므로 이제는 콘텐츠의 수집, 활용 전략이 새롭게 바뀌어야 할 필요가 있다. 새로운 콘텐츠의 제공을 위해 전자도서관 또는 디지털도서관의 시행과 관련된 법제도적 쟁점 대해 생각해 보아야 한다. 해외에서의 디지털도서관 운영 대표적인 예로 미국의 구글북서치(Google Book Search)와 이에 대응하는 유럽연합(EU) 주도의 유로피아나(Europeana)가 있다. 그렇다면 한국에서는 디지털도서관을 어떻게 실현할 것인가? 디지털도서관은 분명 엄청난 사회적 후생과 경제적 파급효과를 가져올 수 있는 변화이다. 앞으로 현대사회에서 정보를 제공하고 공유하고 이용하는 방식을 크게 바꿔 놓을 수 있기에 이 주제에 대한 사회적 준비가 필요하다는 생각이다. 그러므로 이 글은 국내에서 디지털도서관의 구축을 위해 고려해야 할 사항과 법적, 경제적 문제 등을 살펴보고 그에 대한 제도적 대안을 제공하고자 한다.

• 무역상무연구
• /
• 제78권
• /
• pp.119-143
• /
• 2018

This research aims to review every important academic research on risk management in FTA and to suggest a future area for further research. This research area seems to focus on conceptual study or fact finding rather than on theory development or empirical research on causal relationship or theory testing. The National Assembly Digital Library analyzed the results of 3,576 researches on thesis and journals fromthe results of the FTA. Research on FTA is analyzed in four major themes. First, there have been previous studies on business performance such as FTA export performance and economic effect. Second, analyzed the effects of FTA in product and service. The products are classified into agricultural, marine products, manufacturing, textiles and clothing, medicinal pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and others. Services are classified into educational and cultural contents, service industry and financial industry. Third, research on the risk management of FTA Origin is broadly classified into the use of country of origin and the verification of origin, and the use of origin includes the study of rules of origin and systems of origin and management. Origin verification was divided into origin verification and origin risk management. Fourth, study on the conclusion area of the FTA, studies were conducted on areas such as Korea-US FTA, Korea-China FTA, Korea-EU FTA, Korea-Japan FTA, Korea-Chile FTA, and Korea-ASEAN FTA. Search results through the FTA, focused on analyzing the FTA area and concept research by research purpose. In addition, research methods are mainly focused on documentary survey, and research areas are concentrated on specific countries such as China and USA. This implies a necessity for a future development in that research area. Other areas for future research may include case research on actual failures in FTA, proactive risk management strategy, and integrated risk management for export companies. Risk management in FTA may help investment expansion, and that is why research on the issue matters.

• 한국농림기상학회지
• /
• 제22권3호
• /
• pp.176-182
• /
• 2020

작황조사시험은 우리나라주요 재배지점에 대해 해당 지역에서 주로 재배되는 품종들을 선정하여 장기적으로 벼의 생육과 수량을 관찰하는 연구이다. 이 연구의 목적은 기상 및 병해충의 변화에 따라 재배방법을 능동적으로 수정하여 대응하기 위한 것이다. 장기적인 자료 축적으로 이를 다양한 분야에서도 활용할 수 있도록 이 시험의 이루어지는 장소와 재배관리, 각 장소에 대응하는 기상관측소, 관찰되는 항목들에 대해 소개하였다. 각 관찰항목은 표준적인 절차에 따라 조사되어 일정한 품질이 유지되고 있으며 이 정보들은 현재 문헌으로 모두 공개되어 있으며 전산자료의 형식으로 획득할 수 있다.

• 대한화장품학회지
• /
• 제47권2호
• /
• pp.107-121
• /
• 2021

백색증이나 백반증에서 관찰되는 피부 저색소침착은 유전적 요인, 후성유전적 요인 및 기타 요인에 의해 멜라닌 합성이 감소할 때 발생한다. 세포에서 멜라닌 합성을 촉진 할 수 있는 약물 후보를 확인하기 위해 141개의 세포 투과성 저분자 약물로 구성된 후성유전적 조절제 라이브러리를 스크리닝했다. B16/F10 쥐 흑색종 세포를 0.1 𝜇M에서 각 약물로 처리하고 멜라닌 합성 및 세포 생존력을 모니터링했다. 그 결과, (-)-네플라노신 A, 3-디아자네플라노신 A (DZNep) 및 DZNep 염산염이 세포 독성을 일으키지 않고 멜라닌 합성을 증가시키는 것으로 나타났다. 이 세 가지 구조적으로 관련된 약물은 세포 멜라닌 합성 및 세포 생존력에 유사한 용량 의존적 효과를 나타내었기 때문에 DZNep을 추가 실험을 위한 대표 약물로 선택하였다. DZNep는 세포내 멜라닌 함량과 티로시나제(TYR) 활성을 증가 시켰다. DZNep은 또한 mRNA와 단백질 수준에서 TYR, 티로시나제 관련 단백질 1 (TYRP1) 및 도파크롬 토토머라제 (DCT)의 발현을 유도했다. DZNep는 또한 멜라닌 합성의 주요 조절자인 소안구증 관련 전사 인자(MITF)의 mRNA와 단백질 발현을 유도했다. DZNep은 S-아데노실 호모시스테인 가수분해효소의 선택적 억제제이며 히스톤 메틸화효소를 저해하는 S-아데노실 호모시스테인의 세포내 축적을 유발하였다. 이 연구는 특정 세포 상황에서 S-아데노실 호모시스테인 가수분해효소를 표적함으로써 멜라닌 생성이 조절될 수 있음을 시사한다.

• Molecules and Cells
• /
• 제23권1호
• /
• pp.108-114
• /
• 2007

The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling cascade is critical for regulating plant defense systems against various kinds of pathogen and environmental stresses. One component of this cascade, the MAP kinase kinases (MAPKK), has not yet been shown to be induced in plants following biotic attacks, such as those by insects and fungi. We describe here a gene coding for a blast (Magnaporthe grisea)- and insect (Nilaparvata lugens)-responsive putative MAPK kinase, OmMKK1 (Oryza minuta MAPKK 1), which was identified in a library of O. minuta expressed sequence tags (ESTs). Two copies of OmMKK1 are present in the O. minuta genome. They encode a predicted protein with molecular mass 39 kDa and pI of 6.2. Transcript patterns following imbibition of plant hormones such as methyl jasmonic acid (MeJA), ethephone, salicylic acid (SA) and abscisic acid (ABA), as well as exposure to methyl viologen (MV), revealed that the expression of OmMKK1 is related to defense response signaling pathways. A comparative analysis of OmMKK1 and its O. sativa ortholog OsMKK1 showed that both were induced by stress-related hormones and biotic stresses, but that the kinetics of their responses differed despite their high amino acid sequence identity (96%).

• 한방재활의학과학회지
• /
• 제31권4호
• /
• pp.129-143
• /
• 2021

Objectives This study was aimed to evaluate clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) of traffic injuries, which has already been developed at domestic or outside of country, and to explore the Korean medical treatments included in the CPGs. Methods Twelve electronic databases (PubMed, Cochrane library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure [CNKI {Chinese Academic Journals, CAJ}], Research Information Sharing Service [RISS], Oriental Medicine Advanced Searching Integrated System [OASIS], KoreaMed, Korean Medical Guideline Information [KoMGI), National Guideline Clearinghouse [AHRQ], Core Outcome Measures in Effectiveness Trials Initiative Website [COMET], Turning Research into Practice [TRIP], The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence [NICE], and Medical Research Information Center [MedRIC]) up to July 2021 were searched. Only systematically developed CPGs for traffic injuries were selected and appraised. The appraisal was conducted by using Appraisal of Guidelines for Research & Evaluation (AGREE) II tool. Results Six CPGs were included and evaluated. All CPGs were appraised as highly recommended because they exceeded 60% in more than 4 among 6 domains of AGREE II, including domain of 'rigor of development', and 30% in the rest. Recommendations related to Korean medicine treatments such as on manual therapy related to Chuna were given in 6 CPGs, 4 for acupuncture, 1 for Qigong and 1 for Taping. Conclusions The 6 CPGs were developed up to now through a systematic development methodology and there were many recommendations for Korean medical treatments related to manual (Chuna) treatment, acupuncture and Qigong. However, the evidence for the side effects and risk factors of Korean medical treatments was scantly reflected in CPGs. Therefore, it is considered that balanced CPG with benefits and risks should be developed, covering Korean medical diagnosis, treatment and prognosis.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
• /
• 제29권3호
• /
• pp.19-28
• /
• 2012

Objectives : The aim of this study is to evaluate present clinical evidence of oriental medical treatment for cancer in Korea. Method : A search was performed in the Korean Studies Information, Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, KoreaMed, Oriental Medicine Advanced Searching Integrated System, National Assembly Library, RISS4u, DBPIA, and Oasis using the keyword 'cancer', 'leukemia', 'malignant tumor', 'lymphoma', 'multiple myeloma', 'melanoma'. The search period spanned between Jan 1, 1980~June 30, 2011 and the results were analyzed and evaluated according to the publication date, journal, method of treatment, type of study, and the primary outcome. Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and Non randomized clinical trial(NRCT) were reviewed separately. Result : The results yielded 133 trials during the period of Jan 1, 1980~June 30, 2011. Most of the trials were concerned with lung cancer and 94 of the trials were simple case studies or case series studies. 61 trials used herbal Formula/herbal medicine as the primary method of treatment. A total of 4 RCTs existed compared to only one NRCT. Conclusion : The use of oriental medicine for the treatment of cancer is gaining popularity in the field of medical scientific research. However most of the studies that have been published up to date are mostly case studies or case series studies, and RCT/NRCT are rare. In order to provide appropriate evidence regarding the effectiveness of oriental medicine in the treatment of cancer, more rigorous and well-designed studies are warranted.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
• /
• 제30권2호
• /
• pp.135-141
• /
• 2003

Peroxiredoxin(Pix) are large family of peroxidases that reduce alkyl hydroperoxides and hydrogen peroxide. A cDNA clone (referred to as swPrxl) encoding Pix was from a sweetpotato cDNA library constructed from suspension-sultured cells, and its expression was investigated in terms of stress. The swPrxl contained an open reading frame (ORF) encoding mature protein of 193 amino acids with calculated molecular mass of 20.8kDa. The predicted amino acid sequence of swPrxl has two conserved cysteines that are essential resicues for the reduction of peroxides. It showed high amino acid sequence homology ot PixIIF of Arabidopsis (77%) and putative Prx of rice(72%). RNA gel-blot analysis showed that swPrxl gene was expressed dominantly in leave among intact tissues, and also highly detect in suspension-cultured cells. Interestingly, the level of swPrxl transcripts was almost the same regardless of the growth stage in suspension culture. Furthermore, the transcription level of swPrxl gene was not significantly changed in response to various stress treatments such as wounding, extreme temperature and stress-related chemicals RT-PCR analyses.