• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제3권3_4호
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• pp.217-221
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• 2000

In previous study, marine actinomycetes producing the antibiotics were investigated to invent new antibiotics from east coast of Korea. The optimum growth conditions of Streptomyces sp. NS 13239 were $28^{\circ}C$, pH 7.0 and $3\%$ of NaCl concentration in various media. Streptomyces sp. NS 13239 showed strong antimicrobial activity against gram-positive bacteria, specially Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), but just weak antimicrobial activity against yeasts and mold. On the other hand, it did not show antimicrobial activity against gram-negative bacteria. The optimum conditions for producing antibiotics were almost consistent with optimum growth conditions except carbon source and nitrogen source.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.510-512
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• 2010

A series of thiobarbituric acid derivatives were constructed and evaluated for inhibitory activity on hepatitis C virus NS5B polymerase. In biochemical assays using purified viral polymerase and RNA template, the $IC_{50}$ value was improved to 0.41 ${\mu}M$ from the original compound's 1.7 ${\mu}M$ value. In HCV sub genomic replicon assay, the $EC_{50}$ value was improved to 3.7 ${\mu}M$ from the original compound's 12.3 ${\mu}M$ value. $CC_{50}$ was higher than 77 ${\mu}M$ for all compounds tested, suggesting that they are useful candidates for anti-HCV therapy.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.1048-1063
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• 2020

In this study, we propose a reinforcement learning agent to control the data transmission rates of nodes in carrier sensing multiple access with collision avoidance (CSMA/CA)-based wireless networks. We design a reinforcement learning (RL) agent, based on Q-learning. The agent learns the environment using the timeout events of packets, which are locally available in data sending nodes. The agent selects actions to control the data transmission rates of nodes that adjust the modulation and coding scheme (MCS) levels of the data packets to utilize the available bandwidth in dynamically changing channel conditions effectively. We use the ns3-gym framework to simulate RL and investigate the effects of the parameters of Q-learning on the performance of the RL agent. The simulation results indicate that the proposed RL agent adequately adjusts the MCS levels according to the changes in the network, and achieves a high throughput comparable to those of the existing data transmission rate adaptation schemes such as Minstrel.

• 한국정보처리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보처리학회 2014년도 춘계학술발표대회
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• pp.215-217
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• 2014

본 논문에서는 ns-3 기반의 IEEE 802.15.4 모의 성능 평가에 대해 기술한다. IT 기술의 발달과 함께 차세대 전력망인 '스마트 그리드'가 대두되고 있다. 이에 따라 무선 센서들 간의 통신을 위해 IEEE 802.15.4 표준 기술이 채택되고 있다. IEEE 802.15.4 표준에는 beacon-enabled mode 와 non beacon-enabled mode 두 가지 채널 접근 기법이 존재하지만 특정 기법의 용도와 목적에 대해서는 구체적으로 명시되지 않는다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 스마트 그리드 환경에서 IEEE 802.15.4 의 두 채널 접근 기법의 성능을 시험하고 beacon-enabled mode 와 non beacon-enabled mode 간의 성능 분석을 통해 beacon-enabled mode 의 효용성에 대하여 연구한다.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보통신학회 2019년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.456-458
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• 2019

본 연구에서는 LTE-R을 기반으로 하는 철도통신에서 응용서비스로서 스트리밍 오디오의 전송성능을 분석하고자 한다. 본 연구에서 성능분석은 NS(Network Simulator)-3에 기반한 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션을 사용하여 수행하며, 분석대상 응용서비스로는 MPEG(Moving Picture Experts Group)-4의 오디오 프레임을 사용한다. 본 연구의 결과는 LTE-R 네트워크 구축뿐 아니라 LTE-R 네트워크를 대상으로 하는 응용서비스 개발의 기초자료로 활용이 가능하다.

• 보존과학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.335-340
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• 2010

유구 전사용으로 수입되어 사용되는 우레탄 수지 NS-10을 대체하기 위하여 1 차 유구 전사용과 토층 전사용 우레탄 수지를 합성하였다. 합성된 우레탄 수지는 NS-10과 비교하여 볼 때, 수분을 함유하는 토양에서 같은 침투력을 갖고 있으며, 유구 전사 시, 최종생성물인 에폭시 표면과 우레탄 pre-polymer 층의 박리에도 안정한 도막층을 형성하였다. 1 차 유구 전사용으로 사용될 우레탄은 NS-10과 같이 강한 인장 강도를 부여하고자 했으며, 토층 전사용 우레탄의 경우에는 역시 NS-10과 같은 인장 강도를 가지되 NS-10보다 경질성을 증가시켰다. 이 경질성의 증가로 인하여 토층 전사 후에도 토층 전사체 후면의 작업을 최소화할 수 있는 장점을 갖게 되었다. 최종적으로 합성된 우레탄 수지들을 실험실에서 제작한 압착 토양과 실제 유구와 유사한 토양에 직접 적용하여 본 결과, 기존에 사용하였던 NS-10과 비교하여 만족스런 침투력과 안정성을 가지고 있는 전사체를 형성함을 보여 작업자에게 편의성을 주는 우수한 전사용 수지였다.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.173-180
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• 2008

The human genome has evolved as a consequence of evolutionary forces, such as natural selection. In this study, we investigated natural selection on the human genes by comparing the numbers of nonsynonymous (NS) and synonymous (S) mutations in individual genes. We initially collected all coding SNP data of all human genes from the public dbSNP. Among the human genes, we selected 3 different selection groups of genes: positively selected genes (NS/S${\geq}$3), negatively selected genes (NS/S${\leq}$1/3) and neutral selection genes (0.9

• 의료ㆍ복지 건축 : 한국의료복지건축학회 논문집
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.17-24
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• 2015

Purpose: This study examines distance from nurse station to bed according to composition of single bedroom. Methods: This study has two groups of target sample ward planes. The first group has diverse patients bedroom. The other group is 36 single bedrooms and 2 3-bedrooms. The guideline of distance measurement was instituted for consistency. This study has 3 main concepts of the guideline. 1) The distance is shortcut from NS to bed. 2) The traffic line is center line between walls and center of door. 3) The start point is center of NS and the end point is bed. Results: The result of this study can be summarized into two points. The first one is that single bedroom has good privacy and longer distance from NS to bed. The second one is that weak point of single bedroom was asked ward operating system and architectural planning like as patients room, bed per unit, location of NS and plan type. Implications: Consideration Should be taken into account for the effective bedroom composition and allocation in ward. This Stuy hopefully serve as a stepping stone for the standard design of space program in ward planning.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제62권7호
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• pp.274-280
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• 2019

Purpose: To analyze the growth response to growth hormone (GH) therapy in prepubertal patients with Noonan syndrome (NS) harboring different genetic mutations. Methods: Twenty-three patients with prepubertal NS treated at Pusan National University Children's Hospital between March 2009 and July 2017 were enrolled. According to the disease-causing genes identified, the patients with NS were divided into 4 groups. Three groups were positive for mutations of the PTPN11, RAF1, and SOS1 genes. The five genes undetected (FGU) group was negative for PTPN11, RAF1, SOS1, KRAS, and BRAF gene mutations. The influence of genotype was retrospectively analyzed by comparing the growth parameters after GH therapy. Results: The mean chronological age at the start of GH treatment was $5.85{\pm}2.67years$. At the beginning of the GH treatment, the height standard deviation score (SDS), growth velocity (GV), and lower levels of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF)-1 levels were not statistically different among the groups. All the 23 NS patients had significantly increased height SDS and serum IGF-1 level during the 3 years of treatment. GV was highest during the first year of treatment. During the 3 years of GH therapy, the PTPN11, RAF1, and SOS1 groups showed less improvement in height SDS, IGF-1 SDS, and GV, and less increase in bone age-to-chronological age ratio than the FGU group. Conclusion: The 3-year GH therapy in the 23 prepubertal patients with NS was effective in improving height SDS, GV, and serum IGF-1 levels. The FGU group showed a better response to recombinant human GH therapy than the PTPN11, RAF1, and SOS1 groups.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.1073-1081
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• 2005

본 논문은 상위 7비트와 하위 3비트의 segmented 전류원 구조로서 최적화 된 binary-thermal decoding 방식을 이용한 3.3v 10비트 CMOS D/A 변환기를 제안한다. segmeted 전류원 구조와 최적화 된 binary-thermal decoding 방식을 D/A 변환기가 지니므로 가질 수 있는 장점은 디코딩 논리회로의 복잡성을 단순화함으로 칩면적을 줄일 수 있다. 제안된 변환기는 0.35um CMOS n-well 표준공정을 이용하여 제작되었으며, 유효 칩면적은 $0.953mm^2$ 이다. 설계된 칩의 상승/하강시간, 정작시간 및 INL/DNL은 각각 1.92/2.1 ns, 12.71 ns, ${\pm}2.3/{\pm}0.58$ LSB로 나타났다. 또한 설계된 D/A 변환기는 3.3V의 공급전원에서는 224mW의 전력소모가 측정되었다.