• 한국재료학회지
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.361-364
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• 2018

Binary Ti-Al alloys below 51.0 mass%Al content exhibit a breakaway, transferring from parabolic to linear rate law. The second $Al_2O_3$ layer might have some protectiveness before breakaway. Ti-63.1 mass%Al oxidized at 1173 K under parabolic law. Breakaway oxidation is observed in every alloy, except for Ti-63.1 mass%Al. After breakaway, oxidation rates of the binary TiAl alloys below 34.5 mass%Al obey almost linear kinetics. The corrosion rate of Ti-63.1 mass%Al appears to be almost parabolic. As content greater than 63.0 mass% is found to be necessary to form a protective alumina film. Addition of Mo improves the oxidation resistance dramatically. No breakaway is observed at 1123 K, and breakaway is delayed by Mo addition at 1173 K. At 1123 K, no breakaway, but a parabolic increase in mass gain, are observed in the Mo-added TiAl alloys. The binary Ti-34.5 mass%Al exhibits a transfer from parabolic to linear kinetics. At 1173 K, the binary alloys show vary fast linear oxidation and even the Mo-added alloys exhibit breakaway oxidation. The 2.0 mass%Mo-added TiAl exhibits a slope between linear and parabolic. At values of 4.0 and 6.0 mass% added TiAl alloys, slightly larger rates are observed than those for the parabolic rate law, even after breakaway. On those alloys, the second $Al_2O_3$ layer appears to be persistently continuous. Oxidation resistance is considerably degraded by the addition of Mn. Mn appears to have the effect of breaking the continuity of the second $Al_2O_3$ layer.

• BMB Reports
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.81-87
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• 1996

The relationship of S-thiolation and oxidation of glycogen phosphorylase b and peroxidation of phosphatidyl choline liposome by xanthine oxidase (XOD), 2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane) hydrochloride (AAPH), and 2,2'-azobis(dimethylvaleronitrile) (AMVN)-generated free radicals was investigated, Glycogen phosphorylase b was S-thiolated in the presence of glutathione and oxidized in the absence of it by XOD, AAPH and AMVN. In XOD-initiated reaction, the rates of S-thiolation and oxidation of phosphorylase were very similar and addition of liposome to the reaction mixture showed little inhibition of the modifications. In AAPH-initiated reaction, the rate of oxidation was higher than that of S-thiolation and addition of liposome increased oxidation of the protein but had no effect on S-thiolation. In AMVN-initiated reaction, S-thiolation was higher than oxidation and addition of liposome increased S-thiolation remarkably but showed no effect on oxidation. The effect of liposome on modifications of protein in AAPH and AMVN reaction seemed to be caused by certain reactive degradation products or intermediates of liposome by free radical attack. Peroxidation of liposome was not observed in XOD-initiated reaction. Liposome was gradually peroxidized by AAPH reaction. The peroxidation was inhibited by addition of GSH and phosphorylase. Peroxidation of liposome by AMVN was extreamly fast, and was not affected by GSH and phosphorylase.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.512-522
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• 2008

Ammonia is a major compound of odor in livestock house. To enhance the performance of ammonia oxidation (decomposition). the gas-liquid, two phase photocatalytic oxidation system was designed and prepared in this study. Commercial P-25 as $TiO_2$ catalyst was used for ammonia decomposition. V/P-25 catalyst prepared by sol gel method was also used for the removal of by-producted $NO_x$ in $NH_3$ oxidation reaction. When $TiO_2$ was used as a photocatalyst, the conversion to $N_2$ in ammonia decomposition reached above 90% until 200hr (The air flow rate of 4L/min with the ammonia concentration up to 25ppm.). However, considerable amounts of NO and $NO_2$ were formed as a result of $NH_3$ oxidation (as a by-product). Therefore, we added Vanadia impregnated $TiO_2$(P-25) catalyst for the removal of $NO_x$ at the end of reaction trail. The results of a pilot-scale operation were successful to achieve the simultaneous removal of $NH_3\;and\;NO_x$ about 81 and 87%, respectively.

• 공업화학
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.400-404
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• 2011

백금이 코팅된 메탈 필터 소재의 NOx, soot 산화반응의 안정성 및 활성에 대하여 연구하였다. NOx와 soot 산화실험은 독립 또는 동시에 반응시킨 조건으로 수행되었다. 그 결과, 백금이 코팅된 소재는 20%의 NO의 $NO_2$로의 전환반응, 약 10%의 NOx 분해반응 그리고 soot의 완전산화반응이 진행됨을 보였다. Soot 산화반응은 $NO_2$의 생성으로 인하여 반응온도가 더 저온으로(약 $30^{\circ}C$) 이동할 수 있었다. 코팅 소재는 $Pt/Al_2O_3$ 또는 $Pt/TiO_2$ 촉매보다 표면구조의 안정성으로 인하여 열충격에 대한 내구성이 우수하였다.

• 청정기술
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.172-180
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• 2017

HCl에 의한 원소수은의 염화수은으로의 산화반응에 대한 열역학적 검토 결과 수십 ppm 수준의 HCl이 존재하는 경우에 SCR 반응 온도범위에서 원소수은의 염화수은으로의 전환은 100% 가능한 것으로 확인하였다. SCR공정 운전 온도범위에서 Cu, Fe, Mn의 염화물이 담지된 $V_2O_5-WO_3/TiO_2$ 촉매가 우수한 NO 제거 활성을 보였다. $NH_3-TPD$ 측정결과 $NH_3$의 흡착강도를 나타내는 탈착온도가 높은 촉매가 우수한 NO 제거활성을 나타내었다. 반응가스에 HCl을 공급할 경우 원소수은의 산화반응이 촉진되는 결과를 얻을 수 있었다. 그러나, NO와 함께 $NH_3$가 존재하는 SCR반응 조건에서는 촉매표면에 강하게 흡착되는 $NH_3$에 의해 촉매표면에 HCl의 흡착이 방해를 받기 때문에 HCl에 의한 원소수은의 염화수은으로의 산화반응 활성이 억제되는 것으로 나타났다. SCR반응 조건에서 금속염화물이 담지된 $V_2O_5-WO_3/TiO_2$ 촉매가 금속염화물이 담지되지 않은 $V_2O_5-WO_3/TiO_2$ 촉매에 비해 우수한 수은 산화활성을 보이는데 이는 촉매 표면에 존재하는 금속염화물의 염소기가 수은 산화반응에 참여하여 활성을 증가시키기 때문으로 판단된다.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.142-149
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• 2012

The reduction characteristics of $NO_2$ to NO are experimentally studied over a platinum-based catalyst, especially at lower temperatures below about $200^{\circ}C$. In the present work, two types of steady-state experiments, engine bench and synthetic gas bench tests, are carried out in sequence. Steady-state engine bench tests with the DOC mounted on a light duty 4-cylinder 2.0 liter turbocharged diesel engine are performed and prove that CO plays a major role in $NO_2$ abatement at temperatures below the light-off temperature of CO oxidation, about $200^{\circ}C$. Synthetic gas bench tests are then performed using synthetic gas mixtures with CO, $C_3H_6$, NO, $NO_2$, $O_2$, $H_2O$ and $N_2$ in the $140{\sim}450^{\circ}C$ T-range and show that both CO and $C_3H_6$ are capable of reducing $NO_2$. It is noted that the reaction rate of $NO_2$ with $C_3H_6$ is much higher than that with CO. At temperatures below about $200^{\circ}C$, the reduction of $NO_2$ to NO is promoted with increasing CO concentration and $NO_2$/$NO_X$ ratio and with decreasing $O_2$ concentration, as well as with the presence of $H_2O$.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.12-16
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• 1964

Lee, Yung Nok and Chin, Pyung (Dept. of Biology, Korea University, Seoul, Korea) : Action of ascorbic acid indoleacetic acid on the oxidation of succinate and coupled phosphorylation in Chlorella mitochondria. Kor. Jour. Microbiol., Vol.2, No.1, p12-16 (1964) Mitochondria were isolated from Chlorella ellipsoidea and the action of ascorbic acid and indoleacetic acid on the succinate oxidation and coupled phosphorylation in mitochondria suspension were examined. Oxidation of succinate used as substrate, and phosphorylation coupled to oxidation were strikingly enhanced by the addition of ascorbic acid, while in case of indoleacetic acid it were a little. In a view of phosphorylative efficiency, P/O ratio resulting from the addition of ascorbic acid was decreased and it may be considered as the result of a partial oxidation of ascorbate in mitochondria.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제12권10호
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• pp.1071-1077
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• 2003

The aim of this study is, firstly, to find out what kinds of inorganic species are produced in the photocatalytic oxidation of ammonium-nitrogen containing water and, secondly, to seek the influence of anion for the photocatalytic oxidation of ammonium contained compounds. The photoenergy above 3 eV(λ <415 nm) was effectively absorbed by TiO$_2$ and TiO$_2$/polymer was used to be oxidized NH$_4$-N in wastewater to NO$_3$-N. Existing the anion as Cl$\^$-/, the rate of photocatalytic oxidation decreased regardless of other condition. This result showed that the chloride ions reduced the rate of oxidation by scavenging oxidizing radical species as OH$\^$-/ and OCl$\^$-/. Some of the added ion might have blocked the active sites of the catalyst surface, thus deactivated the catalyst.

• 청정기술
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.296-301
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• 2019

본 연구는 습윤함침법으로 제조하여 400 ℃에서 소성한 Pt/TiO₂ 촉매를 이용하여 NO 피독에 의한 CO 산화반응특성에 대하여 확인하였다. Pt/TiO₂ 촉매의 NO 피독영향을 확인하기 위하여 CO + O₂ 반응 중 NO를 주입하면서 반응활성의 변화를 관찰하였으며, 200 ℃ 이하에서 CO 전환율이 급격하게 저하되는 것을 확인하였다. 또한125 ℃ 이하에서 CO 전환율을 나타내지 않았다. 125 ℃에서 NO의 주입을 차단하더라도 초기 CO 전환율의 회복이 확인되지 않았다. 이에 따라 NO 주입에 따른 다양한 분석을 수행하였다. 먼저, TPD 분석 결과, 촉매에 NO의 선흡착은 CO 흡착을 방해하였으며 흡착된 CO에서 CO₂로의 전환탈착을 억제하는 것을 확인하였다. 다음으로, NO가 선흡착될 경우, 촉매의 산소전달능력을 감소함을 H₂-TPR 분석을 통하여 확인하였다. 또한 FT-IR 분석을 통하여, 촉매의 redox cycle (Pt²⁺→Pt⁰→Pt²⁺)을 방해하는 것을 확인하였다. 따라서 Pt/TiO₂ 촉매에서 NO의 존재는 CO 산화반응에서의 피독 인자으로 작용을 하였으며, NO 피독을 방지하기 위해서는 촉매의 산소전달능력의 증진이 필요하다고 판단되어진다.

• 전기학회논문지P
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• 제55권3호
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• pp.146-152
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• 2006

In order to analyze the characteristics of series arcs that could happen in poor connections of electrical facilities, we made an apparatus which is similar to actual situation. series arcs are generated between copper and copper, copper and bronze, copper and brass, bronze and bronze, and then oxidation growth and voltage waveform were measured. A very small vibration with constant movement is needed to grow oxidation initially, whereas oxidation growth proceeded without a vibration after a certain amount of time. At first, blue white flame was generated initially between copper and copper, and then yellow flame was generated. In case of contact between copper and copper, the length of oxidation growth was about 7.1[mm] in 90[min]. In case of contact between copper and brass, the length of oxidation growth was about 4.3[mm] in 90[min], When bronze is contacted with copper, the lengths of oxidation growth were about 1.4[mm] in 20[min] and 2.7[mm] in 40[min] respectively, and no more oxidation growth was shown after that. In case of contact between brass and brass, the length of oxidation growth was about 1.2[mm] in 90[min], so it was the smallest compared to other cases. When copper is contacted with copper, the current through the load was about 1.6[A] and the power dissipation increased from 19[W] to 31[W]. In case of oxidation growth between copper and brass, the voltage changed from 8.4[V] to 11[V]. However, the voltage drop and the power dissipation between copper and brass were small compared to oxidation growth between copper and copper. When series arcs were generated between bronze and copper, a peak was shown at the beginning of voltage increase, and 40[min] later, oxidation material was not grown any longer. When oxidation growth occurred, voltage waveform showed irregular waveforms with tiny ripples.