• 한국작물학회지
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• 제56권4호
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• pp.349-360
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• 2011

The objectives of present study were to characterize the peptides which were isolated from Korean fermented soybean paste, chungkukjang, and to determine their antioxidant activities. Four fractions were collected from the methanol extract of chungkukjang by using a recycling preparative HPLC. Among fractions, Fr-2 was identified to be highly potent free radical scavenging activity in the assay of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) and nitroblue tetrazolium(NBT)-reduction inhibition. Base on antioxidant effects, fraction Fr-2 was employed for the refraction with a prep-column and separated into five fractions of which two fractions were identified to have higher antioxidant activity. To confirm the amino acid constituents of antioxidant fractions Fr-2-2 and Fr-2-3 were analyzed, and eight kinds of amino acids such as aspartic acid, threonine, serine, glutamic acid, glycine, lysine, histidine, and arginine were identified as the constituent amino acids. Antioxidant activities of the separated peptides were further assessed cell viability with 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl terazolium bromide (MTT), and fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) analysis of H4IIE cells treated with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Chungkukjang peptides have shown their ability to protect H4IIE rat hepatoma cells against H2O2- induced oxidative stress by concentration and time-dependent manner. Therefore, These results indicated that fermented soybean paste chungkukjang will be promoted the antioxidant and radical scavenging activities, and beneficial for health. The antioxidant peptide fractions Fr-2-2 and Fr-2-3 were denominated as P-NICS-1 and P-NICS-2, respectively. However, further studies were required to clarify their amino acid sequences and molecular properties, and physiological significances.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.345-351
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• 2006

We have examined the induction of HL-60 cell differentiation by treatment of the water extract of Rhizoma Zingiberis Siccatum, which is a Korean traditional herbal medicine. It was observed that HL-60 cell proliferation was dose-dependently inhibited by treatment with various dose of Rhizoma Zingiberis Siccatum extract. The level of inhibition was identical to those of ATRA-treated cells. Rhizoma Zingiberis Siccatum extract treatment caused a significant change in NBT reduction (47%) and enhanced ATRA-induced NBT reduction. Treatment of Rhizoma Zingiberis Siccatum to HL-60 cells increased only CD11 b expression in the cells, and also increased markedly G0/G1 stage arrest. This can suggest that Rhizoma Zingiberis Siccatum induced the differentiation of HL-60 cell and enhanced ATRA-induced differentiation predominantly along the granulocytic lineage. The results present here show that Rhizoma Zingiberis Siccatum extract contains the potential effect of differentiation induction or acts as a agent enhancing the induction of differentiation.

• 한국동물학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.173-180
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• 1991

생쥐 대식세포의 감염균 치사활성과 종양 치사활성에 미치는 Polyamine 생합성 억제의 영향을 알아보기 위하여 ornithine의 억제제인 $\alpha$ -Difluoromethylomithine (DFMO)과 S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase의 억제제인 methylhlyoxal bis(guanylhydrazone)(MGBG)을 in vitro 또는 in vivo에서 처리하였다. 대시세포의 감염균 치사활성의 지표로서 화학발광(chemiluminescence)과 nitroblue tetrazolium(NBT)의 환원정도를 측정한 결과, 염증유발물질인 thioglycollate(TG)와 세균이 세포내 독소인 liopopolysac- charide(LPS)를 주사하였거나 BCG를 감염시킨 후 측정된 화학 발광의 수준은 TG, LPS, BCG의 순으로 증가하였다. 그러나 이런 화학발생의 수준은 DFMO를 경구투여 하였을 때 전체적으로 감소하였고, 이 세포에 의한 NBT 환원정도 또한 DFMO와 MGBG의 in vitro 처리에 의하여 감소되었다. 한편 BDG로 활성화시킨 대식세포의 종양 괴사인자분비에 의한 종양치사 및 종양세포와의 부착에 의한 직접적 치사정도를 측정한 결과, polyamine생합성억제제의 처리농도를 증가시킴에 따라 그 정도는 감소하였지만, 외부에서 polyamine인 putrescene을 처리 하였을 때 회복되었다. 위의 결과로부터 대식세포내의 polyamine 생합성은 이 세포의 최적 활성화와 과정에 필요한 것으로 생각된다.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.940-945
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• 2007

We have examined the induction of HL-60 cell differentiation by treatment of 2-chloromethyl-1-dihydroxyphosphinyl pyrrolidine(2C-1DPP), which is derivative of piperidine and pyrrolidine by ${\alpha}-phosphoramidoakylation$ reaction. It was observed that HL-60 cell proliferation was dose- and time-dependently inhibited by treatment with 2C-1DPP. 2C-1DPP treatment caused a significant change in NBT reduction and enhanced ATRA-induced NBT reduction. Treatment of 2C-1DPP to HL-60 cells increased only CD11b expression in the cells, and also increased markedly G0/G1 stage arrest of HL-60 cells. These results can suggest that 2C-1DPP induced the differentiation of HL-60 cells to granulocytes lineage and enhanced ATRA-induced differentiation. Moreover, DNA expression levels of p27 were up-regulated during 2C-1DPP-dependent HL-60 cell differentiation. Our results suggest that 2C-1DPP have potential as a therapeutic agent in human leukemia.

• 방사선산업학회지
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.221-225
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• 2011

To detect superoxide anion ($O_2{\cdot}^-$) or singlet oxygen ($^1O_2$) in biological systems during gamma irradiation, specific chemical probes, 4,5-dihydroxy-1,3-benzene disulfonic acid (Tiron) or 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidine (TEMP), were evaluated. Tiron or TEMP spin adducts was structurally stable in aqueous solution during gamma irradiation up to 500 or 1,000 Gy, respectively. The signal of Tiron semiquinone radical, a spin adduct of Tiron upon reaction with $O_2{\cdot}^-$, was slightly increased by gamma irradiation. This trend was dose-dependently manifested in $O_2$-saturated aqueous solution using nitro blue tetrazolium (NBT), a common probe for both hydrated electron ($e{^-}_{aq}$) and $O_2{\cdot}^-$. In contrast, a spin adduct of TEMP, was never inducible by gamma irradiation, while its signal was substantially enhanced by photosensitization of riboflavin. These results suggest that Tiron and NBT or TEMP could be utilized to detect $O_2{\cdot}^-$ or $^1O_2$ in biological systems during gamma irradiation, although $O_2{\cdot}^-$ or $^1O_2$ are not the main reactive oxygen species produced by water radiolysis.

• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.42-57
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• 2002

본 연구는 널리 알려져 있는 항산화제들의 세포 수준에서의 anti-oxidative stress 효과 및 그 기작을 알아보기 위한 연구이다. 연구에 사용한 항산화제로는 지용성인 retinol, $\alpha$-tocopherol, propyl gallate(PG) 및 butylated hydroxy toluene(BHT)과 수용성인 ascorbic acid, $\alpha$-glucosyl rutin 및 green tea extract를 사용하였으며 이들 항산화제들의 시간별 세포 생존율을 NR assay 로 측정한 후 적정 농도에서 DCFH-DA(2', 7'-dichlorofluorescin-diacetate) 를 이용하여 항산화제들의 anti-oxidative stress 억제 효과를 시간별로 측정하였다. 또한 이들 항산화제의 항산화 기작을 알아보기 위하여 NBT(Nitro-blue-tetrazolium) 및 DPPH(Diphenyl-picry-hydrazl)도 병행하여 실시하였다. Anti-oxidative stress 실험에서 지용성 항산화제들은 전반적으로 수용성 항산화제에 비하여 세포에 대한 독성이 상대적으로 강하여 retinol 의 경우에는 0.01%에서 oxidative stress 억제 효과를 관할할 수 있었으며 1 시간경과 후 측정시 53.1%의 억제 효과를 보여 주었다. PG 의 경우에는 0.1%에서 2 시간 경과 후 측정시 50%의 oxidative stress 억제 효과를 보여주었다. 수용성 항산화제인 green tea extract 및 $\alpha$-glucosyl rutin의 경우에는 1%에서 1시간 경과 후 측정시 각 각 51.6% 및 69.7%의 oxidative stress 억제 효과를 관찰할 수 있었다. 또한 시료처리 후 자외선 조사시 oxidative stress 억제 효과의 경우 수용성 항산화제인 ascorbic acid, $\alpha$-glucosyl rutin 및 green tea extract 와 지용성 항산화제 중에서는 $\delta$-tocopherol 에서만 oxidative stress 억제 효과가 관찰되었으나 자외선을 조사 하지 않았을 때 보다 약 20%-40%까지 억제 효과가 감소되었다. 그리고 PG 및 retinol 의 경우에는 자외선 조사시 독성이 증가하여 oxidative stress 억제 효과를 측정할 수 없었다. NBT실험에서 $\alpha$-glucosyl rutin, $\alpha$-tocopherol 및 PG 1%에서 70%이상의 superoxide anion 생성 억제 효과를 보였으며 DPPH 실험에서는 ascorbic acid 와 PG 1%에서 98%의 hydroxyl radical 생성 억제 효과를 보여 주었다. 본 실험을 통하여 BHT 를 제외하고 전반적으로 세포 수준에서의 oxidative stress 에 대한 억제 효과를 확인해 볼 수 있었으며 특히 수용성 항산화제들에서 두드러진 효과를 보여 주었다.

• 한국BIM학회 논문집
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.31-41
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• 2021

Digital twins between "BIM Digital Model-Physical Prototype Model" will be built for Noise Barrier tunnel(NBT) that meet the definition of N.G smart city facilities derived from previous studies to build a data flow that connects data at each stage of design, construction, and operation. In this process, BIM design automation tools are created and utilized, and consistent transmission of member and attribute data is performed by converting them into IFC format. Through this, the purpose is to improve the labor-intensive environment required from the design stage of the NBT and to consistently maintain the information required for subsequent production and construction. This includes achieving changes in the construction industry based on digital transformation by unifying various data formats used differently for each industry from design to operation. In addition, it demonstrates that information exchange in the maintenance and management stages is possible based on the data exchange of the established digital twin and aims to improve the existing labor-intensive environment and expand operability between digital and physical information. As suggested in previous studies, the implementation of digital twins in these N.G smart city facilities includes the possibility of building an environment that adds to the possibility of high value-added product platforms as well as the function of big data platforms targeting existing smart cities.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.191-196
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• 2010

In the course of screening for antioxidant compounds by measuring the radical scavenging effect on 1,1-diphenyl- 2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), a total extract of the twigs of Stewartia koreana (Theaceae) was found to show potent antioxidant activity. Subsequent activity-guided fractionation of the methanolic extract led to the isolation of six phenolic compounds, ampelopsin (1), catechin (2), proanthocyanidin-A2 (3), fraxin (4), (2R, 3R)-taxifolin-3-${\beta}$-D-glucopyranoside (5), and (2S, 3S)-taxifolin-3-${\beta}$-D-glucopyranoside (6), as active principles. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic studies. Compounds 1-6 were isolated for the first time from this plant. Among them, three compounds 1-3 showed the significant antioxidative effects on DPPH, and riboflavin originated superoxide quenching activity. In riboflavin-nitrobluetetrazolium (NBT)-light system, compound 1 showed better superoxide quenching activity than vitamin C.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.124-129
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• 2008

Background: The immunomodulatory effects of Korean mistletoe (Viscum album Coloratum) on the innate immune responses of eel (Anguilla japonica) were studied. Methods: Mistletoe, Freund’s complete adjuvant (FCA), or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) as a control was injected into eel peritoneal cavities. Results: Nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT)-positive cells in the head kidney of eel were significantly augmented by the second day post-injection of mistletoe. Reactive oxygen intermediates (ROI) were more produced in mistletoe-injected fish kidney leucocytes than in FCA-injected ones. The level of lysozyme activity in the serum of fish 2 days after injection with mistletoe was also significantly higher than that in the serum of the control fish. The optimal concentration of mistletoe in inducing the highest serum lysozyme activity was revealed to 500${\mu}$g/200 g of fish. In phagocytic activity assay, mistletoe-sensitized eel kidney phagocytes captured more zymosan than did the control fish. Conclusion: Korean mistletoe appeared to be a good activator of the non-specific immune responses of eel.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물공학회 2002년도 생물공학의 동향 (X)
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• pp.317-320
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• 2002

10 가지 식물추출물에서 항산화활성을 측정하여 가장 효과가 높았던 오미자를 선택하여 순차적으로 층분리 후, 각 유기용매층에 따라 분리된 추출물의 항산화 활성을 측정하였다. 그 결과 Ethyl acetate층 추출물 (DPPH 51.6%. SOD 66.2%)과 Butanol층추추물 (DPPH 60.7%, SOD 67.4%) 에서 가장 높은 항산화활성을 나타내었으며 총 polyphenol 함량 또한 Ethyl acetate층 (30000 mg/kg) 과 Butanol층 (30000 mg/kg)에서 높게 나타났으며, 특이한 점은 항산화 활성이 낮았던 water층 (39400 mg/kg) 에서 총polyphenol함량이 높았다.