• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.99-107
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• 2019

With the development of various types of military Unmanned Aircraft(UA)s, the need for interworking and integration between different platforms gradually increased. In order to ensure interoperability at each military UA System(UAS) level, North Atlantic Treaty Organization(NATO) has established STANAG-4586 "Standard Interfaces of Unmanned Aircraft(UA) Control Systems(UCS) for NATO UA Interoperability-Interface Control Document". This paper looks at the basic design structure of STANAG-4586 and the changes on Edition 4 to enhance joint operational capability through reflecting and updating the interoperability design of the military UAS. In particular, we analyze the enhanced Datalink Transition/Handover Procedure and Autonomous functions, one of the biggest features added to the edition. Through this, we propose a modification of UA data link exclusive control using UA Bypass structure, which was impossible in the one-to-one communication structure between existing UA and Core UCS(CUCS). We also suggest ways to improve UA operational reliability by applying Autonomous Functions that directly decides how to deal with emergency situations, rather than by a remote operator over CUCS.

• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제41권10호
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• pp.840-848
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• 2013

군용항공기 감항인증은 감항성을 가지고 요구된 성능과 기능을 발휘할 수 있음에 대한 정부의 인증이다. 북대서양조약기구(NATO)는 최대이륙중량 150kg 이상의 군용무인기에 대한 감항인증 요구도인 STANAG-4671을 2009년에 배포하였다. 최근 150kg 미만의 소형무인기에 대한 감항인증 요구도인 STANAG-4703을 내부적으로 배포하여 검토 중에 있다. 우리나라는 국제적으로 통용되는 감항인증 기준인 STANAG-4671을 기타감항인증 기준으로 준용하여 군용무인기에 적용하고 있다. 하지만 STANAG-4671은 중량에 관계없이 동일한 목표안전수준을 요구하여 낮은 중량의 중 소형무인기에 대해서는 목표안전수준이나 설계 요구도가 과도하게 적용될 수 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 군용무인기 분류와 감항인증 기준을 분석하고, 지상피해 평가기법을 적용하여 최대이륙중량별 목표안전수준을 제시하였다.

• 항공우주시스템공학회지
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.74-80
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• 2022

소형 드론은 활용분야가 다양해지고 있으며 특히 군에서는 전장에서 정찰 및 특수목적 용도로 활용 가능한 드론 체계가 요구되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 군용 무인기의 표준 인터페이스인 STANAG 4586을 멀티콥터 형태의 소형 드론에 적용하여 군용 체계 적합성을 검토하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 소형 멀티콥터 비행체, 통합비행제어컴퓨터, 지상통제장치, 데이터링크를 설계/제작하고, STANAG 4586 인터페이스를 적용한 비행제어 소프트웨어와 지상통제장비 소프트웨어를 개발하여 HILS 시험과 비행시험을 수행하였다.

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.31-42
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• 2024

In this study, the methodology of determination of base bleed motor data for base bleed projectile based on the NATO standard trajectory model, especially STANAG 4355 Method 2 were presented. Ground combustion experiments and aerodynamic performance firing tests were conducted to determine the drag reduction motor data of the base bleed projectile and this data was described based on the NATO standard ballistic model. The derived drag reduction motor data were input into the ballistic equations to complete the ballistic model and it was confirmed that the calculated predicted trajectory from the ballistic model matched well with the measured trajectory from the aerodynamic performance firing tests.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.91-97
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• 2019

Recently, UAV manufacturers are developing UAV system in a form that can be controlled by CS regardless of UAV kind and using STANAG 4586 interface standard considering Interoperability. STANAG 4586 is a NATO military standard developed to control various UAVs with standardized equipment. In such a case, UAV handover will inevitably occur and it is one of the most important function for safe UAV flight in platform using STANAG 4586. In the future combat situation where collaboration between AV and UAV is anticipated, seamless handover of UAV is a part of continuous research. In this paper, we propose requirements for UAV handover based on ARP 4761 safety assessment and analyze feasibility of the requirements by comparing UAV handover process in STANAG 4586. As a result of the comparative analysis, the proposed handover requirements based on ARP 4761 includes all the handover procedures of STANAG 4586 and present additional considerations for SOP creation and CS development. Applying the proposed handover requirements in the UAV development process can reduce the probability of loss of UAV control over the handover process and it can be expected to help improve the safety of UAV.

• 항공우주시스템공학회지
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.16-23
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• 2021

국내외 제조업체들은 미래 기술 수요에 발맞춰 여러 형상의 수직이착륙(VTOL) 무인항공기를 개발하고 있다. 그동안 무인항공기는 고정익/회전익으로 분류 가능한 형상으로 개발되고 그에 맞는 인증기준으로 검증이 이루어졌다. 하지만 현재 VTOL 무인항공기는 VTOL에 특화된 인증기준의 부재로 인해 감항성 검증이 제한적이다. 본 논문에서는 북대서양조약기구(NATO)의 고정익/회전익 무인항공기 인증기준 STANAG-4671 및 STANAG-4702와 유럽항공안전청(EASA)의 수직이착륙 특수기술기준(SC-VTOL)을 분석하여 VTOL 무인항공기에 적용 가능한 인증기준을 제시하였다. 이를 위해 기준 항목별로 일반/고정익/VTOL 특성 분류기준을 수립하여 분석에 활용하였다.

• 한국항공운항학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.12-17
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• 2017

Manned aircraft structural design is based on structural safety factor of 1.5, and this safety factor is equivalent to a probability of failure of between 10-2 and 10-3. The target failure probability of FARs is between 10-6 and 10-9 per flight according to aircraft type. NATO released STANAG 4703 to established the airworthiness requirements for small UAV which is less than 150kg. STANAG 4703 requires the Target Level of Safety according to MTOW. The requirements of failure probability for small UAV is between 10-4 and 10-5. In this paper, requirements of airworthiness certification for small UAV were investigated and the relationship of safety factors to the probability of structural failure is analyzed to reduce measure of safety factor and structural weight of unmanned aircraft.

• 항공우주시스템공학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.7-13
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• 2016

Multi disciplinary approach for aerodynamics, structure, propulsion, and flight control system is necessary to develop High Altitude Long Endurance Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (HALE UAV). Various HALE UAV development trends are surveyed to understand their operational requirements. Separating the UAV Take Off Weight by 150kg, Airworthiness implementation direction for HALE UAV is studied under the current Airworthiness regulations. NATO STANAG 4671 and STANAG 4703 Airworthiness certification criteria are analyzed, and their applicability was proposed for future HALE UAV development. In addition, minimization of the risk for UAV is studied by considering probability of cumulative catastrophic failure for HALE UAV. This Hazard Risk Index can support the future UAV Airworthiness Certification Criteria.

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.613-617
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• 2016

Development-concerned parties, business managers and test evaluators have experienced conflicts among themselves due to the absence of standardized criteria for military electro-optical(EO) and infrared(IR) devices in test evaluation planning and evaluation phases. Therefore, establishment of objectified test and evaluation criteria for EO/IR devices is required. This paper applies South Korea's weather measurement average of minimum 15 km for visibility range, 3 bar from Johnson criteria for EO device and 4 bar from NATO's STANAG-4347 for IR device for target type, and 50 % probability for evaluation criteria, respectively. Based upon these criteria, this paper will establish suitable criteria that are improved for development weapon system in consideration of required capability of demanding forces and field environment.

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.267-274
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• 2022

The Republic of Korea has a close cooperative relationship with NATO, of which the United States is a member. NATO is encouraged to follow UHF coalition waveforms for military air operations(SATURN) as defined in STANAG 4372. SATURN is a high-speed frequency hopping waveform with enhanced anti-jamming and security functions. Plans to improve the performance of existing military aircraft with air to ground radios to which SATURN function is applied. IFF case analysis and MRT evaluation plan were established to present an efficient test and evaluation plan for air to ground radios.