• Journal of Music and Human Behavior
• /
• v.20 no.1
• /
• pp.1-19
• /
• 2023

This study explored the role and characteristics of music that contributed to experiences of catharsis in music. An empirical phenomenological study was conducted to explore catharsis with 12 adults. Phenomenological reduction, change of attitude, literature interpretation, and hermeneutic circle were used for data collection and analysis. As a result, three categories, five themes, and 11 sub-themes were identified. The first category, here and now in music consisted of two themes: aesthetic experiences and expansion of musical novelty. The second category, inner connection through music consisted of one theme, re-experience of internal emotions. The third category, immersion and engagement in music consisted of two themes: ventilating or deepening of emotions and internal dynamics. Based on these results, the cathartic characteristics of music are discussed. First, the aesthetics and novelty of music kept participants fully stay in music. Second, music induced a re-experiencing of emotions by triggering memories or stimulating unresolved emotions. Third, the elements of music promoted emotional ventilation, deepening, and internal dynamics. This study is meaningful because it qualitatively examined the roles and characteristics of music that contribute to cathartic experience in the general adult population.

• Lingua Humanitatis
• /
• v.2 no.2
• /
• pp.5-50
• /
• 2002

This paper aims to illustrate and illuminate the relationship between language and its neighbor disciplines, in particular between language and literature, language and religion, and language and music. 1. Language and literature. Literature is an art of language. Therefore, linguistics, the science of language, should be able to explain how the grammar of literature elevates and ordinary language into a literary language. I illustrate poetic syntax with examples from Shelley, Coleridge, and Wordsworth. 2. Language and religion. I show how a linguistic analysis of a religious text can illuminate the background, authorship, chronology, etc., of a religious text with an example from the Book of Daniel. I also illustrate how a misanalysis of a poetic meter led to a mistranslation with an example from the Book of Psalms. 3. Language and music. First I trace an epochal event in the history of the Western music, i.e., the change of the musical style from the liturgical music of Latin in which the rhythm was created by the alternation of syllable duration into the liberated music of German in which the rhythm was generated by the alternation of lexical stress. I then illustrate a parallelism between linguistic and musical structures with several musical pieces including Gregorian chant, the 16th century music of Palestrina, the 17th century music of Schutz, the 18th century music of Mozart, and the 19th century Viennese music. Finally, the importance of text-tune (verse-melody) association is discussed with examples of mismatches in translated Korean hymns and contemporary Korean lyrical songs. In the concluding part, I speculate on some factors that are responsible for the same organizational devices in three different modes of human communication. An answer may be that all are under the same laws of mind that govern the way man perceives and organizes nature, i.e., the same cognitive abilities of man, in particular, the capacity to organize and impose structure on their respective inputs.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
• /
• v.19 no.4
• /
• pp.53-64
• /
• 2007

Purpose: We investigated the effects of music on pain, blood pressure, and pulse in patients with chronic back pain. We tried to find some change of satisfaction of treatment and a sense. Method: We recruited total 30 patients with chronic back pain, who had pain from lumbago for more than six months. Subjects received electrotherapy and electrotherapy with music one at a time during me test, and subjects received one in the morning and the other one in the afternoon. We compared the test results between the electrotherapy and electrotherapy with music. Visual Analogue Scale was used to check the effect on pain. Blood pressure and pulse were checked, too. The gathered informatio was analyzed by t-test, independent sample t-test, and chi-square test. Results: There was statistically not significant difference between electrotherapy and electrotherapy with the music in VAS(Visual Analogue Scale)(p>0.05). There were statistically some significant differences between two groups in systolic pressure, diastolic pressure, and the pulse(p<0.05). Subject group showed statistically higher scores of satisfaction(p<0.05). There was significant difference between two groups(p<0.05) in the tingling and vibration sense. Conclusion: we found that the lumbago patients who are treated by electrotherapy with the music did not have additional difference in relief of pain, but electrotherapy with music can get better effects on their blood pressure, the pulse, satisfaction, and tingling-vibration sense. This means that the patients receive their treatment comfortably with rest. Therefore, We consider that it is desirable to play music to lumbago patients to offer the better treatment service to the patients.

• Journal of Music and Human Behavior
• /
• v.6 no.1
• /
• pp.1-31
• /
• 2009

This study aims to conduct a music psychotherapy program on North Korean child defectors, who are experiencing acculturative stress, and to discover the effects of the program on the participants' acculturative stress. This study targeted four North Korean child defectors, who belonged to an H afterschool class in Seoul and performed the program in individual sessions for about 40 minutes per session, totaling 14 sessions. The research results include the following. First, after comparing the results of acculturative stress score that measured before and after the execution of the music psychotherapy program, the mean of the score was significantly decreased from 32.75 to 23 average. Furthermore, as a result of conducting a qualitative analysis of the lingual responses that the participants demonstrated in musical activity, in relation to acculturative stress, the participants were found to experience a positive change. These results imply that the music psychotherapy program offers consistent support through music to North Korean Child Defectors, who are cowering psychologically and experiencing difficulty in adaptation, and reinforces inner resources through their positive self-perception, which indicates that it can be an effective mediation in reducing their acculturative stress.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
• /
• v.16 no.3
• /
• pp.114-129
• /
• 2010

The purpose of this study is the suggestion of tempos and genres to make a effective mood in a hotel and restaurant. As a result of this study, it was verified which genre and tempo is the most effective at each case of various restaurant. The result of this study shows that the genres and tempos of background music effect to a mood of customer, and a satisfaction related to a return visit and a recommendation. This paper offer a useful method when a manager want to change a ambience of business place. For example, a manager will be able to choose a change of background music instead of remodeling requiring much money. At the other case, a manager will be able to maximize a expression effect of business concept as following the suggestion of this study. This thesis suggests how a managers can simultaneously achieve a customer's satisfaction and a financial benefit by selection of music.

• Journal of Music and Human Behavior
• /
• v.13 no.1
• /
• pp.41-60
• /
• 2016

This study investigated how people who became blind midway through life used music and how these uses differed according to individual factors. Sixty-one late-blind adults aged 40 to 60 years attending six welfare centers for the blind in Seoul and Gyeonggi region participated in this research. Participants were asked to complete a 25-question survey in Braille on music utilization and preference, as well as the purpose of music utilization. The response rate was 87.1%. The results were as follows. First, with regard to listening preference, they reported preferring to listen to upbeat popular music on the radio when resting at home. They liked to sing along to lyrics reminiscent of personal memories. String instruments were preferred when playing an instrument. With regard to the reason for using music, inducing mood change was found to be the biggest reason, followed by seeking enjoyment, comfort, sense of achievement, and sense of belonging. Third, for people with adventitious visual impairments, individual factors, such as gender, level of disability, and period without eyesight, did not reveal any significant differences. Last, participants were found to obtain a higher sense of belonging through music compared to those having low vision. Regarding time without eyesight, it appeared that the shorter the period, the higher the sense of belonging participants had from utilizing music, and vice versa. This study provides fundamental information for organizing an effective music program that can meet the needs and demands of people with adventitious visual impairments.

• Journal of Fashion Business
• /
• v.24 no.1
• /
• pp.88-101
• /
• 2020

The music videos of BTS go beyond the limit of media promoting music and shows their meaning in various ways and complete the visual message of music through fashion style. BTS' fashion style in the music videos shows a change in symbolic representation of the genre of each album and song, of which gender images are changing aligned with the music messages of BTS. The purpose of this study was to derive gender images of fashion style in BTS music videos and to interpret their meaning based on Judith Butler's theory that performativity creates discourse through iterative process. It is conducted as a research method, an analytical study was conducted in parallel with literature studies and empirical case analysis. The scope of the study was limited to 301 costumes that appeared in 21 official music videos from debut single album '2Cool 4 Skool' released in 2013 to the mini album 'Map of the Soul: Persona' released in 2019. As a result of the analysis, the controversial fashion style, challenging fashion style, boyish fashion style, hybrid fashion style, the playful fashion style were revealed. The conclusion of studying the gender image of BTS, interpreted by this analysis using Judith Butler's theory, is as follows. The gender image of BTS is the traditional image that identifies with the dominant gender discourse, the resistive gender image that intentionally distances mainstream culture, the eclectic image parodying the gender of the opposing term, and the deconstructive image that transcends the dominant gender discourse.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
• /
• v.12 no.1
• /
• pp.103-111
• /
• 2012

Games in 1970s have used the savings of analog wavelength as in music and the like on hardwares of small cassette, gramophone, and the like. Due to these configuration elements, durability has to be declined so much. In the event of using the music on the video game, more affordable method is to use the computer chip to convert the analog sound into the computer code to convert into the electric wavelength to send to the speaker. The sound effect of the game is generated in this method. The technical limit has been gradually overcome to grant more freedom to the composers and the sound track pre-recorded on the optic disc and the like has emerged. The game developers of today have made several attempts on the technology to produce the game music. This study has contemplated the process of advancement in the change of game music production with the influence on technology and business.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
• /
• v.21 no.1
• /
• pp.69-77
• /
• 2021

This paper deals with the development of an application that converts the PDF music score entered by the user into a MIDI file of the chord the user wants. This application converts the PDF file into a PNG file for chord conversion when the user enters the PDF music score file and the chord which the user wants to change. After recognizing the melody of sheet music through image processing algorithm and recognizing the tempo of sheet music notes through deep learning, then the MIDI file of chord for existing sheet music is produced. The OpenCV algorithm and deep learning can recognize minim note, quarter note, eighth note, semi-quaver note, half rest, eighth rest, quarter rest, semi-quaver rest, successive notes and chord notes. The experiment shows that the note recognition rate of the music score was 100% and the tempo recognition rate was 90% or more.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
• /
• v.13 no.2
• /
• pp.155-167
• /
• 2019

The aim of this study was to examine the experiences of music therapists in using their voice clinically. The researcher conducted in-depth interviews with seven music therapists who were able to explain their experiences in using voice. Each interview was analyzed using the phenomenological method of Amedeo Giorgi. The data analysis yielded 9 sub-categories and 6 components: "promotion of various feelings due to clinical use of voice", "voice use depending on the therapist's personality", "voice use for therapy", "positive musical experiences with clients in using voice", "difficulty in using voice as a tool for music therapy", and "attempt to change unsatisfactory voice". The result showed that the music therapists had both positive and difficult experiences with their clients in using their voice. Their instances of perceived unsatisfactory voice prompted them to develop themselves personally and professionally. This study is intended to provide a general understanding of voice use by music therapists and offer a solid basis for music therapists to study voice in the future.