• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.14 no.11
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• pp.619-626
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to investigate effects of physical activity and sedentary life in metabolically healthy obesity(MHO) and metabolically unhealthy obesity(MUO). A total of 1585 middle-aged obesity men and women participated in this study. The subjects were divided to MHO(n=840) and MUO(n=745) by metabolic syndrome markers(National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel III). We analyzed measurement data using t-test. As results, physical activity and exercise participant between group had not significant difference in men subjects. But, in women subjects, total physical activity volume and muscle strength exercise participant between group had a significant difference. In conclusion, we suggest that physical activity and exercise participant are important factors affecting health status in the same level of obesity women.

• Archives of Orthopedic and Sports Physical Therapy
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.81-90
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of boxing combined training on cardiopulmonary function and health-related fitness in male college students over a period of eight weeks. Methods: Eighteen male students were randomly assigned to the following groups: boxing exercise (n=6), aerobic exercise e(n=6), and non-exercise (n=6). The exercise program was conducted for 50 minutes every three weeks, for a total of eight weeks. After eight weeks, the factors that affected the measurement variables were analyzed, and the following results were obtained. Results: Participants in the eight-week boxing exercise group and the aerobic exercise group showed significantly increased maximal oxygen, which was not observed in the control group. The body mass index decreased in the aerobic exercise group, but did not significantly differ between the boxing exercise and control groups. Body fat (%) and abdominal fat (%) significantly decreased in all exercise groups, but significantly increased in the control group. Skeletal muscle mass increased in the boxing exercise group, but did not significantly differ between the boxing, aerobic exercise, and control groups. Muscular strength and muscular endurance increased in both exercise group, but did not change in the control group. Flexibility showed no differences between the groups. Conclusions: In conclusion, an eight-week boxing exercise program for college students showed positive effects on cardiorespiratory function and health-related fitness.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.33-40
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to review the effect of previous research data with virtual reality-based Physical Activity Therapy Programs(PATPs) in adult on the physical fitness factors. Research articles were retrieved from 2008 to 2021 with the Research Information Sharing Service(RISS) and Pubmed database. The main search terms were 'care', 'therapy', 'healing', 'exercise' or 'physical activity', and 'virtual reality'. The criteria for selecting articles of this study were the originality, duplication, Randomized controlled trial(RCT) experiment and subject. Finally, 18 papers were selected among 318 articles, which were excluded if any of the criteria was not satisfied. Most of papers(15) were conducted in the last 5 years, because of the high interest due to the development of virtual reality implementation technology and COVID-19 pandemic. The participants were mainly patients(8), and the types of diseases were stroke(2). The physical fitness factors were mostly balance ability(7), muscle strength(7), and range of motion(6). All the physical fitness factors were significantly improved after PATPs. However, 11 studies were conducted for less than 4 weeks, including 6 studies were performed a bout of acute exercise. Also, 14 studies did not clearly present the intensity of PATPs. In addition, there were 9 studies, that simply applied games without specialized programs. In conclusion, it seems that virtual reality-based PATPs have a positive effect on physical fitness factors. However, VR-based PATPs should be specialized and developed in order to verify their effectiveness for the further research.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.296-301
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• 2023

Background: A supervised physiotherapy program (SPP) is a standard regimen after surgical rotator cuff repair (RCR); however, the effect of a home-based exercise program (HEP), as an alternative, on postoperative functional recovery remains unclear. Therefore, the purpose of this meta-analysis was to compare the functional effects of SPP and HEP after RCR. Methods: We searched electronic databases including Central, Medline, and Embase in April 2022. The primary outcomes included the Constant score, American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons score, University of California Los Angeles shoulder score, and pain score. Secondary outcomes included range of motion, muscle strength, retear rate, and patient satisfaction rate. A meta-analysis using random-effects models was performed on the pooled results to determine the significance. Results: The initial database search yielded 848 records, five of which met our criteria. Variables at 3 months after surgery were successfully analyzed, including the Constant score (mean difference, -8.51 points; 95% confidence interval [CI], -32.72 to 15.69; P=0.49) and pain score (mean difference, 0.02 cm; 95% CI, -2.29 to 2.33; P=0.99). There were no significant differences between the SPP and HEP. Other variables were not analyzed owing to the lack of data. Conclusions: Our data showed no significant differences between SSP and HEP with regard to the Constant and pain scores at 3 months after RCR. These results suggest that HEP may be an alternative regimen after RCR. Level of evidence: I.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.318-329
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• 2017

This study examined the physical self-concept and self-efficacy of undergraduates. Using the convenience sampling method of non-provability sampling, a total of 377 undergraduates from North Kyongsang Province G city were selected. Of the 377 completed questionnairescollected, a total of 354 surveys with structural equation modeling were analyzed using theSPSS 22.0 statistics program. The self-esteem, endurance, health, and flexibility factors have positive effects on improvingthe self-control efficacy factor of self-efficacy in the order of physical self-concept factors. On the other hand,the higher university students perceive that among the physical self-concepts, the physical activity factor had more negative effects on the self-regulated efficacy. The self-esteem, health, and muscle strength have positive effects on improvingthe confidence factor of self-efficacy in the order of physical self-concept factors. The more perceptive endurance than the appearance, sports competence, body fat, health, self-esteem, flexibility, muscle strength of physical self-concept, and the more influence on self-efficacy. Overall, the higher the perception of physical activity factors among the physical self-concept factors, the more negative effects on the task difficult preference.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.191-202
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of a 10-week body stability exercise program, which was conducted on 24 male football players. The result of the Visual Response Speed Test using BlazePod, showed a significant increase of the upper arms, left foot and right foot for 15 second in number of reactions and reaction time (p<0.001). As a result of evaluating whether or not 7 functional movements were improved in order to evaluate the functional movement screen, Hurdle Step (p=0.001) and Active Straight Leg Rise (p=0.022) movements were significantly improved. significantly improved. As a result of measuring the y-balance Test in order to evaluate the balance ability, composite score(p<0.001) of both sides was significantly improved. The result of evaluating vital capacity, which was conducted to evaluate mobility and muscle endurance, showed a significant improvement in Forced vital capacity(p<0.001) and Forced expiratory volume in 1.0(p=0.003). In conclusion, a 10-week BSE program intervention in high school period, which can most improve the technical fitness necessary for the game in power, agility, leg strength, leg stability, mobility, and muscle endurance, will improve overall technical fitness, prevent football players from being injured and enhance their performance.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.11
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• pp.7439-7446
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to find the risk factors of injury by FMS and to investigate the effects of 12-weeks' combined training program on body imbalance, physical fitness, muscle strength and FMS score in woman rugby players of the national team. Fourteen subjects were woman rugby national players to participate in the 17th Incheon Asian Games. These players tested FMS and performed 12 weeks' (May~Aug, 2014) combined training program (4days, 120min${\geq}$). Statistical evaluation was undertaken using paired t-test (pre vs. post). The results of this study were as follows; Frist, the score of FMS test on Deep Squat, Hurdle Step, Active Straight Leg Raise, and Trunk Stability Push up were significantly increased after 12 weeks' combined training program (p<.05), and also Inline Lunge (p<.01) and Rotary Stability (p<.001) were significantly increased. However, Shoulder Mobility was not significantly increased(p=.104) although the tendency of increased was FMS score. Second, the sum of the entire item was significantly increased after combined training(p<.001). These results suggest that 12-weeks' combined training program has effect of improving FMS score and low-injury risk in woman rugby national players. Therefore, we consider that FMS have effect on prevention of athletic injury and improvement of athletic performance in woman rugby national players.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.10
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• pp.480-489
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• 2017

Blood flow restriction(BFR) exercise is defined as low intensity and short term exercise using pneumatic pressure belts at the top of limbs, which affects the physiological functions of the body. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of walking exercise with BFR on inflammatory index, isokinetic muscle function, and thigh circumference in obese women. Eleven obese women(> BMI $25kg/m^2$ & > body fat 30%) wore pneumatic pressure belts on both femurs and performed walking exercise twice per day, 3 days/wk for 4 weeks (walking 2 min; resting 1 min). Data analysis was carried out using paired t-test. Body weight, BMI, and body fat significantly decreased after exercise(p<.05), and right thigh circumference significantly decreased(p<.05). The concentration of plasma IL-6 significantly increased(p<.05) after exercise. TNF-${\alpha}$ level was not statistically different but tended to slightly increase. CRP slightly decreased, although it did not reach statistical significance after exercise. Muscle strength significantly increased in the $60^{\circ}/sec$ of right/left side extension, left side flexion, and $180^{\circ}/sec$ of left side extension after training(p<.05). These results suggest that 4 weeks of blood flow restriction walking exercise has positive effects on inflammatory index and isokinetic muscle function. Therefore, we consider that blood flow restriction exercise can be used for treatment of obesity, related chronic diseases, and metabolic syndrome. Further, blood flow restriction exercise for a short time has similar effects as a high intensity resistance program.

• 한국노년학
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.1247-1259
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• 2009

Muscle mass is reduced by aging. There seems to be no direct relationship between sarcopenia(muscle loss) and medical cost in the elderly, but lowering muscle mass results in increase risk of fall and decrease of strength, fitness, physical activity, and independent life. This is coupled with physical trouble and chronic degenerative disease such as diabetes, obesity, hyperlipidemia, and hypertension. Thus, sarcopenia is potential risk factor increasing mortality. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of elastic band exercise and detraining on sarcopenia prevention related variables, body composition and fitness. The subject of this study was 60~70 aged 14 seniors who participated in exercise program in J-welfare senior center at J-gu in S-city. Elastic band exercise was performed twice per week for 12 weeks. The body composition and fitness variables were measured before 12 weeks of control, after control(before exercise), after 12 weeks of exercise(before detraining), and after 12 weeks of detraining. There was no significant difference in body composition and fitness variables before and after 12 weeks of control, but elastic band exercise before and after 12 weeks has effect on body composition variables such as weight (t=2.978, p=0.001), body mass index (t=3.502, p=0.004), percent body fat (t=2.216, p=0.045), muscle mass (t=-3.837, p=0.002), visceral fat area (t=5.186, p<0.001), and waist-hip ratio (t=3.045, p=0.009) and on fitness variables such as 2-minutes step (t=-6.891 p<0.001), arm curl (t=-4.702, p<0.001), chair stand (t=-4.860, p<0.001), chair sit and reach (t=-5.910, p<0.001), back scratch (t=-3.835, p=0.002), and 8-ft up and go (t=7.560, p<0.001). This exercise effect was continued after 12 weeks of detraining on body composition variables such as weight (t=2.323, p=0.037), body mass index (t=2.503, p=0.026), muscle mass (t=-3.137, p=0.008) and on fitness variables such as 2-minutes step (t=-6.489 p<0.001), chair stand (t=-4.694, p<0.001), chair sit and reach (t=-3.690, p=0.003), and 8-ft up and go (t=7.539, p<0.001). It was found that the elastic band exercise has positive effect on body composition and fitness in the elderly and the effect was maintained over 12 weeks of detraining.

• 한국노년학
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.1293-1309
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• 2010

This study is aimed to evaluate the effects of community-based prehabilitation program developed to prevent functional decline in the frail elderly and to provide a basis to practically operate this program in the public health care service. From March to August 2009, 110 frail elderly people were recruited among the registered participants of the home visit program in Korea to perform a prospective randomized community trial. We randomly assigned these people into two groups. One group (n=50) participated in the visiting prehabilitation program for 3 months focusing on improving their muscle strength of upper and lower limbs, walking ability, and balancing. The other group (n=60) underwent our visiting fall prevention program for control. To assess the effectiveness of prehabilitation program, physical functioning (PF) and short physical performance battery (SPPB) were measured for the primary outcomes and also some other indicators: exercise performance, nutritional status, emotional functioning, experience of admission, and events of fall. As a result, significant improvements of geriatric functional status were noticed among the participants. After 3 months, PF increased by 1.3 ± 3.8 points in prehabilitation group and decreased by 1.1 ± 5.4 points in controls (p=.020). SPPB improved by 2.4 ± 2.0 points in prehabilitation group and increased only 0.3 ± 1.5 points in controls (p<.001). Significant effects were also shown in their exercise performance tests and emotional status, the number of multiple falls, and the experience of functional decline after the fall (p .002-.038). Visiting prehabilitation program is safe and effective program for frail older adults. Thus, it is strongly recommended to universally adopt this program to prevent functional decline in the frail elderly.