• 공학교육연구
• /
• 제18권5호
• /
• pp.11-21
• /
• 2015

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of goal contents on failure tolerance in engineers (i.e., students and experts in engineering). Based on the goal contents theory, which is a sub-theory of self-determination theory, three intrinsic goals (i.e., self-growth, help, social concern) and two extrinsic goals (i.e., money, fame) were under investigation. A total of 398 participants (118 undergraduate students, 181 graduate students, 99 experts) answered survey questions. In the hierarchical multiple regressions, self-growth goal was entered as the first model, then, to the second model, the other four goals were added. The results showed that social concern goal significantly predicted failure tolerance among all engineer groups. Self-growth goal was closely associated with failure tolerance in undergraduate students and graduate students. Help goal was significant only among graduate students. These results suggest that pursuing intrinsic goals, especially, social concern goal is important to increase failure tolerance. Establishing infrastructure and educational climate for pursuing social concern goal can facilitate the development of personal expertise in engineers as well as the improvement of society.

• 대한전기학회논문지
• /
• 제39권3호
• /
• pp.301-311
• /
• 1990

A multiple controller structure consisting of a typical feedback controller and an additive redundant controller is proposed for enhancing the reliability of the control system. For the case where the main controller is chosen as a pole assignment controller with input/output measurements and the redundant controller as the Model Reference Adaptive Controller (MRAC) whose reference model is the closed-loop combination of the plant and the main controller, it is proven that the tracking error between the command input and plant output converges to zero under failure in one of the controllers or parameter perturbations of the plant, and further that the reliability measured by Mean Time To Failure (MTTF) is greater than that of the system with only a single main controller. A simulation Example is provided to illustrate reliable operation of the proposed control system against the controller failure.

• ETRI Journal
• /
• 제30권1호
• /
• pp.13-20
• /
• 2008

We evaluate the sink capacity of wireless code division multiple access (CDMA) sensor networks with layered architecture. We introduce a model of interference at a sink considering two kinds of interference: multiple access interference (MAI) and node interference (NI). We also investigate the activity of sensor nodes around the sink in relation to gathering data under a layered architecture. Based on the interference model and the activity of sensor nodes around the sink, we derive the failure probability of the transmission from a source node located one hop away from the sink using Gaussian approximation. Under the requirement of 1% failure probability of transmission, we determine the sink capacity, which is defined as the maximum number of concurrent sensor nodes located one hop away from the sink. We demonstrate that as the node activity of the MAI decreases, the variation of the sink capacity due to the node activity of the NI becomes more significant. The analysis results are verified through computer simulations.

• Smart Structures and Systems
• /
• 제21권4호
• /
• pp.521-535
• /
• 2018

The main purpose of this paper is to predict missing absolute out-of-plane displacements and failure limits of infill walls by artificial neural network (ANN) models. For this purpose, two shake table experiments are performed. These experiments are conducted on a 1:1 scale one-bay one-story reinforced concrete frame (RCF) with an infill wall. One of the experimental models is composed of unreinforced brick model (URB) enclosures with an RCF and other is composed of an infill wall with bed joint reinforcement (BJR) enclosures with an RCF. An artificial earthquake load is applied with four acceleration levels to the URB model and with five acceleration levels to the BJR model. After a certain acceleration level, the accelerometers are detached from the wall to prevent damage to them. The removal of these instruments results in missing data. The missing absolute maximum out-of-plane displacements are predicted with ANN models. Failure of the infill wall in the out-of-plane direction is also predicted at the 0.79 g acceleration level. An accuracy of 99% is obtained for the available data. In addition, a benchmark analysis with multiple regression is performed. This study validates that the ANN-based procedure estimates missing experimental data more accurately than multiple regression models.

• 콘크리트학회지
• /
• 제9권2호
• /
• pp.133-144
• /
• 1997

2차원 응력상태의 철근콘크리트 부재해석을 위하여 소성이론과 파괴모델의 통합방법을 연구하였다. 콘크리트의 대별되는 두 가지 거동특성인 다차원 압축상태의 강도증가와 인장균열파괴를 동시에 나타내기 위하여, 압축파괴와 인장균열의 다중파괴기준을 사용하는 소성이론을 근간으로 여러 실험결과를 반영하는 파괴모델을 적용한다. 압축파괴기준으로서 Drucker-Prager모델과 von Mises 모델을 비교 사용하며 인장균열거동에 대하여 회전균열소성모델과 고정균열소성모델을 비교한다. 이러한 압축파괴기준과 이장균열파괴기준의 설정에는 다차원 압축상태의 강도증가, 균열로 인한 인장과 압축응력도의 저하, 보강철근의 영향등을 나타내는 실험식과 파괴에너지개념을 사용한다. 이 재료모델을 비선형유한요소해석에 사용하여 기존의 실험결과와 비교한다. 재료모델의 압축파괴와 인장균열거동을 검증하기 우하여 콘크리트의 압축파괴 또는 철근의 인장항복에 의하여 거동이 대별되는 실험들과 비교한다.

• 응용통계연구
• /
• 제8권1호
• /
• pp.89-104
• /
• 1995

사용현장에서의 고장데이터는 미리 정해진 보증기간동안 고장이 발생한 제품으로부터 얻어지는 고장시간, 고장원인, 설명변수값과 보증기간동안 고장나지 않는 제품 중 일정비율을 추적조사하여 얻은 설명변수 값들로 구성된다. 사용현장에서 얻어지는 이와 같은 데이터를 이용하여 제품수명분포의 모수가 설명변수와 대수선형관계일 때, 수명분포의 모수에 대한 의사(pseudo) 최우추정량을 구하고 그 점근성질을 규명하였으며, 고장원인별 제품수명이 와이블분포를 따를 때의 의사최우추정량과 점근분산을 구하였다. 제품의 보증기간이 달력시간이고 제품의 고장이 운영시간에 의존하는 경우와 제품의 보증이 달력시간과 운영시간의 혼합인 경우의 분석방법도 제시하였다. 또한 모의 실험을 통하여 추적조사비율에 따른 효과를 알아보았다.

• 대한산업공학회지
• /
• 제25권4호
• /
• pp.466-475
• /
• 1999

A backward Dynamic Programming(DP) model for the optimal facility replacement decision problem during a finite planning horizon is presented. Multiple alternative challengers to a current defender are considered. All facilities are assumed to have finite service lives. The objective of the DP model is to maximize the profit over a finite planning horizon. As for the cost elements, purchasing cost, maintenance costs and repair costs as well as salvage value are considered. The time to failure is assumed to follow a weibull distribution and the maximum likelihood estimation of Weibull parameters is used to evaluate the expected cost of repair. To evaluate the revenue, the rate of operation during a specified period is employed. The cash flow component of each challenger can vary independently according to the time of occurrence and the item can be extended easily. The effects of inflation and the time value of money are considered. The algorithm is illustrated with a numerical example. A MATLAB implementation of the model is used to identify the optimal sequence and timing of the replacement.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
• /
• 제12권2호
• /
• pp.483-496
• /
• 2005

We consider the power law process which is assumed to have multiple changepoints. We propose a binary segmentation procedure for locating all existing changepoints. We select one model between the no-changepoints model and the single changepoint model by the Bayes factor. We repeat this procedure until no more changepoints are found. Then we carry out a multiple test based on the Bayes factor through the intrinsic priors of Berger and Pericchi (1996) to investigate the system behaviour of failure times. We demonstrate our procedure with a real dataset and some simulated datasets.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
• /
• 제6권3호
• /
• pp.801-812
• /
• 1999

Change-point hazard rate models arise for example in applying "burn-in" techniques to screen defective items and in studing times until undesirable side effects occur in clinical trials. Sometimes in screening defectives it might be sensible to model two stages of burn-in. In a clinical trial there might be an initial hazard rate for a side effect which after a period of time changes to an intermediate hazard rate before settling into a long term hazard rate. In this paper we consider the multiple change points hazard rate model. The classical approach's asymptotics can be poor for the small to all moderate sample sizes often encountered in practice. We propose a Bayesian approach avoiding asymptotics to provide more reliable inference conditional only upon the data actually observed. The Bayesian models can be fitted using simulation methods. Model comparison is made using recently developed Bayesian model selection criteria. The above methodology is applied to a generated data and to a generated data and the Lawless(1982) failure times of electrical insulation.

• 콘크리트학회논문집
• /
• 제19권5호
• /
• pp.655-664
• /
• 2007

콘크리트의 인장균열에 따른 방향적 비국소 손상이라는 특징은 인장-압축을 받는 철근콘크리트 전단 부재에서 회전인장균열 특성 및 압축강도 감소 현상을 일으킨다. 본 연구에서는 인장과 압축거동에 대하여 다른 손상 모델을 사용하는 기존의 방법과는 달리, 동일한 인장균열 손상 모델을 사용하여, 인장균열거동과 압축연화거동을 나타낸다. 이러한 비국소 균열 손상의 영향을 나타낼 수 있는 소성모델을 개발하기 위하여 미소면 모델의 개념을 도입한다. 기존의 소성모델과 달리, 비국소 균열 손상을 나타내기 위하여 인장과 압축의 소성파괴면은 각 미소면에서 정의하며, 각 미소파괴면의 조합에 의하여 대표파괴면을 정의한다. 이때, 방향적 비국소 균열 손상을 나타내는 소성인장변형률의 영향에 의하여 각 미소면의 인장과 압축 소성변형률의 크기가 결정된다. 본 연구에서 개발된 소성모델은 유한요소해석에 적용되며, 다양한 전단패널의 기존 실험 결과들과 비교하여 제안된 재료 모델의 유효성을 검증한다.