• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2023

Mulberry (Morus spp.) production is a vital activity in sericulture along with rearing of silkworms (Bombyx mori L.) for silk production. The Sericulture Research and Development Institute (SRDI) conducted a study that evaluated 11 mulberry varieties, including nine newly-evolved mulberry hybrids and two check varieties. These mulberry varieties were fed to silkworm hybrid, DMMMSU 115 x 100. The rearing performance of DMMMSU 115 x 100 was determined based on the silkworm economic traits such as weight of 10 matured larvae, cocoon weight, shell weight, shell percentage, cocoon yield, reelability percentage, filament length and filament size. Six silkworm rearing trials were conducted with 50 silkworm larvae per treatment in three replicates. The data were analyzed in a one-way Analysis of Variance. Significant differences were tested further using Tukey's Honest Significant Difference. Mulberry varieties that garnered an evaluation index value of higher than 50 were identified and selected. Results of the study revealed significant variations among the mulberry varieties based on the parameters gathered except on the reelability of cocoons, filament length and size. Matured silkworm larvae fed with Alf 55 were significantly heavier and higher cocoon yield compared to those fed with Alfonso and S₅₄. Alf 32, Alf 55, Alf 58, Bat 37 and Bat 73 were identified as potential varieties and highly recommended as feed for the silkworm hybrid, DMMMSU 115 x DMMMSU 100.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.163-169
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• 2003

Studies were conducted on the effect of pruning time, host age, conidial dispersal and weather parameters on the incidence and severity of mulberry leaf spot (Myrothecium roridum). The disease severity (%) increased with increase in shoot age irrespective of pruning date. Maximum disease severity was observed in plants pruned during first week of April and minimum disease severity in plants pruned during first week of March. Significant (P ＜ 0.01) influence of date of pruning, shoot age and their interaction was observed on severity of the disease. Apparent infection rate (r) was significantly higher during the plant growth period from day 48 to day 55. Average apparent yale was higher in plants pruned during first week of April and least in plants pruned during first week of July. The disease infection was negatively correlated to distance from the inoculum source. Leaf spot severity (%) was influenced by weather parameters. Multiple regression analysis revealed contribution of various combinations of weather parameters on the disease severity. Linear prediction model $(Y ＝ －81.803＋1.176x_2＋0.765x_3) with significant $R^2$ was developed for prediction of the disease under natural epiphytotic condition.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.166-170
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• 2006

This study was carried out to investigate the fermentation characteristics and optimum conditions for alcohol fermentation of the Korean native mulberry. The yeast strains of S. kluyveri DJ97, La parisienne (Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Netherlands) and Enoferm (Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Denmark) produced higher alcohol concentrations than other strains, and further study was therefore performed with these three species. The optimum additional water content for maximizing alcohol concentration was 250% (v/w). The alcohol concentrations were rapidly increased in the first 4 days under the optimum conditions and reached 13.8% for S. kluyveri DJ97, 14.0% for La parisienne and 14.0% for Enoferm, respectively. Residual sugar concentration was decreased steadily from the beginning of fermentation until 5 days, after which it maintained a constant level. The pH was decreased steadily in the log phase during further maturation. However, the pH underwent a slight decrease after 4 days and then was stabilized during further maturation. Methanol concentrations for the three species used were analyzed after 60 days maturation and were lower than the levels regulated by the food standard. Fusel oils such as n-propanol, iso-butanol, and iso-amyl-alcohol were produced as by-products with the highest production from Enoferm and the lowest from S. kluyveri DJ97.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.11-15
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• 2011

Impact of pruning date, shoot age and weather parameters on the severity and development of grey leaf spot (Pseudocercospora mori) of mulberry was studied. The disease severity (%) increased with increase in shoot age irrespective of pruning date. Maximum disease severity was observed in plants pruned during second week of October and minimum in plants pruned during last week of December. Significant (P<0.05) influence of date of pruning, shoot age and their interaction was observed on the severity of the disease. Apparent infection rate (r) was significantly higher during plant growth period from day-48 to day-55. Average apparent rate was higher in plants pruned during first week of September and least in plants pruned during third and fourth week of December. Multiple regression analysis revealed contribution of various combinations of weather parameters on the disease severity. A linear prediction model [$Y=66.05+(-1.39)x_1+(-0.219)x_4$] with significant $R^2$ was developed for prediction of the disease under natural epiphytotic condition.

• 한국잠사곤충학회지
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.93-98
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• 2001

오디용 뽕품종으로 국상20호의 동질4배체인 대자뽕(4원뽕 31호)을 육성하였으며, Turkey 재래종 중에서 3배성인 감백뽕을 선발 육성하였는바 그 주요 특성은 다음과 같다. 1. 염색체수는 대자뽕은 2n=56인 4배체이고, 감백뽕은 2n=42인 3배체 이다. 2. 대자뽕의 종자형성률은 48.2% , 침종자율은 32.7%로 낮았으나 발아율은 90%에 달하였다. 감백뽕의 종자형성율은 41.0% , 침종자율은 1.9%, 발아율은 7.0%에 불과하였다. 3. 대자뽕 오디의 단과중은 4.39 g로 대과충만형이고, 오디색은 연자색이며, 감백뽕 오디는 3.269의 중대형이고 유백색 이다. 4.대자뽕 오디의 당도는 14.2 Brix 총산도는 0.45%이며, 감잭뽕 오디의 당도는 19.3%로서 고당성이고 총산도는 0.15%이다. 5.두 품종 모두 오디의 숙기는 만숙성이고, 오디의 착과정도는 대자뽕은 많으며, 감백뽕은 보통수준이다. 춘기 발아개엽기는 공시품종 모두 중생뽕이다

• 한국잠사곤충학회지
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.99-103
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• 2001

오디용 뽕품종으로 대성뽕, 대붕뽕 및 대옥뽕을 육성하였으며 큰누에용 장려품종중에서 신광뽕을 선발하였는 바 주요 특성은 다음과 같다. 1. 대성뽕, 대붕뽕 및 대옥뽕은 염색체수가 2n=56인 4배체이고, 신광뽕은 2n=42인 3배체이다. 2. 오디의 종자형성률은 대성뽕, 대붕뽕 및 대옥뽕은 58%이상이였으며 신광뽕은 6.7%로 매우 낮았다. 3.오디의 과중은 대성뽕이 4.05g,대옥뽕이 3.38g,대붕뿐이 2.99g로서 대과형이고 신광뽕은 2.28g로 중과형이다 4. 오디과즙의 당도는 신광뽕은 14.8% , 대옥뽕은 13.7% , 대붕뽕은 13.1% , 대성뽕은 12.7%이며 당산비는 모든 품종이 21이상이다. 5. 오디의 숙기는 신광뽕은 조숙계, 대붕뽕, 대옥뽕은 중숙계 , 대성봉은 만숙계 이다. 6. 오디의 수량성은 대붕뽕은 다수성이고 대성뽕과 신광뽕은 비교적 높은편이며 대옥뽕은 보통 수준이다. 7. 내동(한)성은 신광뽕, 대옥뽕, 대붕뽕은 보통이고 대성뽕은 다소 약하다.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.63-70
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• 2017

Native fluorescent pseudomonas bacteria were isolated from rhizosphere soil of mulberry and were evaluated against powdery mildew. In vitro conidial germination study showed significant (P<0.05) variation in conidial germination by bacterial strains Pf1 and Pf3. Mildew incidence was significantly varied due to treatment with various pseudomonas strains in vivo. Significantly (P<0.05) less mildew incidence was in plants treated with the bacterial strain Pf1 (9.11%) followed by Pf3 (13.48%) controlling 69.40% and 54.75% respectively compared with untreated control. Similarly, mildew severity was least (8.51%) in plants treated with strain Pf1 followed by Pf5 (9.23%) and Pf3 (9.72%) controlling the severity by 84.51%, 77.01% and 71.96% respectively compared with control. The bacterial strains significantly influenced biochemical constituents such as chlorophyll, protein and soluble sugar content of the mulberry leaf. Similarly, bacterial strains significantly increased the activity of the peroxidase (PO) and Polyphenol oxydase (PPO) activity from $7^{th}$ day up to the $28^{th}$ day after treatment. The strain Pf1, Pf3 and Pf5 exhibited a marked enhancement in the peroxidase at different periods of infection. Significant (P<0.01) negative correlation was found between powdery mildew severity with phenol content ($R^2=0.67$) as well as peroxidase ($R^2=0.92$) and polyphenol oxidase ($R^2=0.72$) activity thus confirms induction of systemic resistance in mulberry by pseudomonas bacteria. The study shows scope for exploration of rhizosphere fluorescent pseudomonas bacteria for induction of systemic resistance in mulberry to contain powdery mildew disease effectively.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.204-209
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• 1998

오디의 기능성(機能性) 식품개발을 위한 기초연구(基礎硏究)의 일환으로 뽕나무 품종에 따라 9종의 오디를 채취(採取)하여 냉동건조(冷凍乾燥)한 후 각각에 대하여 항염증 및 항산화효과를 검색하였다. 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 비스테로이드성 항염증 작용을 검색하기 위하여 cyclooxygenase II의 활성억제도를 측정하였다. 그 결과 신광뽕 > 검설뽕 > 4배성 휘카스 > 2배성 휘카스 >검설뽕 등의 순으로 억제 효과를 나타냈다. 현재 항염증제의 표준물질로 사용되고 있는 nabumetone 10ppm에서 활성억제도(活性抑制度)를 1이라 했을 때, 가장 높은 억제 활성을 나타낸 신광뽕 오디의 경우는 0.55의 활성도를 나타냈다. 2. 최근에 천연물(天然物)로부터 항암작용과 더불어 소염작용을 갖는 물질을 탐색하기 위하여 phosphlipase $A_2$의 활성억제도법을 이용한다. 오디 9품종의 MeOH 추출물 $100{\mu}g/ml$의 농도에서 phospholipase에 대한 억제활성은 신광뽕 > 검설뽕 > 휘카스 > 북산2호의 순으로 억제작용을 나타냈다. 3. 항염증 작용과 항산화 작용은 연관성이 높기 때문에 DPPH법을 이용하여 radical scavengingrate를 측정했다. 그 결과 신광뽕 > 검설뽕 > 휘카스 > 청일뽕의 순으로 항산화작용을 나타냈다. 결론적으로 9종의 오디품종중 항염증제로의 이용가능성이 있는 것은 검설뽕, 휘카스 및 신광뽕이었고, 북산2호와 대도상의 항산화 항염증 효과는 전혀 없었다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.15-21
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• 2003

본 연구는 뽕잎을 이용한 고부가가치의 기능성식품의 제조에 적합한 뽕잎 품종을 선별하고자 품종별(YK-209, Cheong il, Yongchon and Kaeryang), 산지별(영천 및 상주), 부위별(상위, 중위 및 하위엽) 및 생육시기별(5월, 6월 및 8월)에 따른 뽕잎의 기능성 지표물질인 DNJ, GABA및 flavonoid의 함량을 HPLC로 정량하였다. 4가지 뽕잎 중 YK-209 뽕잎의 기 능성 물질 (DNJ, GABA 및 flavonoid) 함량이 가장 높았다. 그리고 YK-209 뽕잎으로부터 분리된 4가지 flavonoid 중 rutin 함량이 가장 높았으며, 그 다음으로 isoquercitrin>kaempferol-3-Ο-rutinoside＞astragalin 순으로 나타났으나 그 외 3가지 뽕잎에서는isoquercitrin의 함량이 가장 높았고 그 다음으로 rutin이 차지 하였으나 품종별, 산지별, 부위별 및 성장시기별에 따라 flavonoid구성성분의 함량이 다소 차이가 있었다. 영천지역에서 수확한 YK-209뽕잎의 3가지 기능성물질의 함량이 상주에서 수확한 뽕잎보다 그 함량이 높았다. 한편, YK-209 뽕잎의 부위 중 상위엽이 중위 및 하위엽보다 3가지 기능성물질의 함량이 높았다. 끝으로YK-209뽕잎의 성장시기 중 5월에 수확한 것이 6월 및 8월에 수확한 뽕잎보다 기능성물질의 함량이 높았다. 이러한 연구결과를 미루어 볼 때 3가지 기능성 성분함량이 높은 YK-209 뽕잎(용천뽕과 개량뽕을 교배하여 얻은 것)의 5월산 상위엽을 향후 뽕잎의 이용한 기능성식품의 제조용 원료로 활용할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.34-37
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• 2002

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the nutritional value of common fodder tree leaves with goats fed at 50% of total ration. In experiment 1, leaves from six fodder tree species i.e., Ailanthus aitissima, Elaeagnus angustifolic, Morus alba (Mulberry), Populus spp, Robina pseudoacacia and Salix babylonia were harvested in spring and winter from northern areas of Pakistan. Chemical composition and apparent in situ dry matter digestibility (DMD) of fodder tree leaves were measured. Results showed that crude protein (CP) values were higher (p<0.05) in all the species during spring compared to winter (17.9% vs 12.0%). The concentration of NDF in Elaeagnus and Robinia was higher in spring, whereas no seasonal difference was found in other species. In situ DMD was higher (p<0.05) in Ailanthus and Populus at spring while it was higher (p<0.05) in Elaeagnus, Mulberry and Robinia at winter. There was no (p<0.05) seasonal effect on in situ DMD of Salix. In experiment II, four iso-nitrogenous and iso-caloric rations viz., A, B, C and D were prepared containing 50% (winter harvested) sun dried leaves of Salix, Robinia, Mulberry and Elaeagnus, respectively and 50% concentrate. Dry matter and crude protein intakes were higher (p<0.05) given ration A (Salix) whereas DM and CP digestibility was lowest (p<0.05) given ration B. Nitrogen retention was higher (p<0.05) given ration A. Goats fed on fodder tree leaves and concentrate showed moderate intake and digestibility.