• Development and Reproduction
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.33-41
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• 2014

We investigated the process of yolk absorption in Korean rose bitterling, Rhodeus uyekii, and determined the changes in its morphometric characteristics. The R. uyekii from 1 days post hatching (DPH) to 21 DPH, the eye diameter (ED) was 5.4 at 5 DPH. Thereafter, the ED/total length (TL) ratio increased to 10.7 at 21 DPH (p<0.05). The yolk length (YL) decreased from 95.4 to 1.1 by 21 DPH, and this rate of decrease was greater than that for any other dimension (p<0.05). 12 morphometric dimensions/TL for the R. uyekii were measured at each sampling day from 21 DPH to 170 DPH. At just hatching, the average TL and BW were $6.1{\pm}0.09mm$ and $4.9{\pm}0.07mg$, respectively. At 53 DPH, the average TL was $12.9{\pm}0.28mm$ and the average BW was $14.7{\pm}0.72mg$; the total length growth equation was $TL=5.507e^{0.038t}$ ($R^2=0.916$). Further, the body weight growth equation was $BW=3.3647e^{0.0296t}$ ($R^2=0.9354$). The dimensions with regard to body depth showed the greatest growth rates in the external characteristics of the fish (p<0.05). The patterns of the morphometric characteristics measured in this study can be classified in three ways. The patterns were shown to be increased (y=0.0992x+12.07, $R^2=0.8333$), decreased (y=-0.0569x+42.029, $R^2=0.8395$) or maintained (y=0.005x+18.263, $R^2=0.3678$) from 21 DPH to 170. These results will provide useful indices for the successful rearing of the R. uyekii.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.469-478
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• 2012

To manage, sort, and grade fishery resources, it is necessary to measure their morphometric characteristics. This labor-intensive task involves performing repetitive operations on land and on a research vessel. To reduce the amount of labor required, a vision-based automatic measurement system (VAMS) for the measurement of morphometric characteristics of flatfish, such as total length (TL), body width (BW), and body height (BH), has been developed as part of a database management system for fishery resources management. This system can also measure the mass (M) of flatfish. In the present study, we describe a morphological image processing algorithm for the measurement of certain characteristics of flatfish. This algorithm, which involves preprocessing, edge pattern matching, and edge point detection, is effective in cases where the flatfish being measured has a deformed tail and is randomly oriented. The satisfactory performance of the proposed algorithm is also demonstrated by means of experiments involving the measurement of the BW, TL and BH of a flatfish when it is straightened (BW : 117mm, TL : 329mm, BH : 24.5mm), when its tail is deformed, and when it is randomly oriented.

• Laboraroty Animal Research
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.311-316
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• 2018

Laboratory inbred mice are used widely and commonly in biomedical research, but inbred mice do not have a big enough gene pool for the research. In this study, genetic and morphometric analyses were performed to obtain data on the characteristics of a newly developing inbred strain (KWM/Hym) captured from Chuncheon, Korea. All of five Korean wild male mice have the zinc-finger Y (ZfY) gene. Also, all of 19 Korean wild mice used in this analysis have the AKV-type murine leukemia virus gene, indicating that Korean wild mice might be Mus musculus musculus. To identify the genetic polymorphism in KWM/Hym, SNP analysis was performed. In a comparison with 28 SNP markers, there was a considerable difference between KWM/Hym and several inbred strains. The homogeneity between KWM/Hym and the inbred strains was as follows: C57BL/6J (39.3%), BALB/c AJic (42.9%), and DBA/2J (50%). KWM/Hym is most similar to the PWK/PhJ inbred strain (96.4%) derived from wild mice (Czech Republic). To identify the morphometric characteristics of KWM/Hym, the external morphology was measured. The tail ratio of male and female was $79.60{\pm}3.09$ and $73.55{\pm}6.14%$, respectively. KWM/Hym has short and agouticolored hairs and its belly is white with golden hair. Taking these results together, KWM/Hym, a newly developing inbred mouse originated from wild mouse, might be use as new genetic resources to overcome the limitations of the current laboratory mice.

• The Korean Journal of Malacology
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.345-351
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• 2011

Comparison of different morphological characteristics of bivalves is very useful for distinguishing species. Therefore, this study used a morphometric approach to document patterns of phenotypic change through the specimens of family Pinnidae inhabiting the bottom sediments at the coasts of An Thoi Archipelago (south-eastern Gulf of Thailand), in that way excluding intraspecific variations among different populations along a wide geographical range. It was revealed that individuals determined as Pinna trigonium separated from specimens of Pinna nigra and Atrina vexillum at high level, but P. nigra and A. vexillum were the single species A. vexillum, as it is assumed now. Also, it was found that both groups of P. trigonium individuals and A. vexillum specimens divided into tree subgroups unified the specimens with the similar morphometric parameters: small, medium and large within the populations, though there were no evident divisions into subgroups in the size distributions of the populations. In addition to the interspecific morphological variations, the species also showed significant intraspecific morphological variations even in the same population. Most probable reason for the appearance of the intraspecific morphological variations and division of all specimens into size-specific subgroups in the population is the fact that the growth of Pinnidae bivalves is not isometric.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.104-113
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• 1996

In order to clarify the interspecific variation of Astiphrom jezoense, a morphometric analysis was performed for seven populations using PCA (principle component analysis) and discriminant analysis. As a result of PCA, 25 quantitative characters are grouped into four factors. The characteristics on legs are especially important components both in male and in female. Morphometric analysis indicate that considerable morphological gap is correlated with geographical habitat. Important discriminant characters are MOD (maximum ocellar distance), Fn (first tergite length) in female and MSL (malar space length) in male.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.52 no.3
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• pp.144-155
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• 2022

Daphne kiusiana is an evergreen shrub with dense head-like umbels of white flowers distributed in southern Korea, Japan, China, and Taiwan. Plants in China and Taiwan are recognized as var. atrocaulis by having a dark purple stem, elliptic leaves, and persistent bracts. Recently, plants on Jejudo Island were segregated as a separate species, D. jejudoensis, given their elliptic leaves with an acuminate apex, a long hypanthium and sepals, and a glabrous hypanthium. Morphological variations of three closely related taxa, the D. kiusiana complex, were investigated across the distributional range to clarify the taxonomic delimitation of members of the complex. Twelve characters of the leaf and flower were measured from digitized herbarium specimens using the image analysis program ImageJ and were included in a morphometric analysis, the results of which indicate that the level of variation in the characters is very high. The results of a principal component analysis weakly separated D. jejudoensis from D. kiusiana according to their floral characteristics, such as a longer, glabrous hypanthium, and larger sepals. However, some individuals of D. kiusiana, particularly those from Bigeumdo Island, were included in D. jejudoensis. Recognition of D. kiusiana var. atrocaulis based on the leaf shape was not supported in the analysis, and D. jejudoensis may be recognized as a variety of D. kiusiana. Our morphometric analysis shows that digitized images of herbarium specimens could be useful and an additional method by which to investigate more diverse specimens.

• Development and Reproduction
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.257-268
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• 2013

Morphometric changes in the Ussurian bullhead, Leiocassis ussuriensis, and the Korean bullhead, Pseudobagrus fulvidraco, were observed during the early period of growth. Yolk length, yolk height, and yolk volume in the two species decreased within 9 days post-hatching (DPH) (p<0.05). The body lengths and body heights of both species increased gradually to 150 and 130 DPH, respectively (p<0.05). The horizontal distance between the anteriormost extension of the head and the anterior insertion of the pectoral fin, the anteriormost extension of the head ${\times}$ the verticality position of the anterior insertion of the primary dorsal fin rays, and the anterior insertion of the primary dorsal fin ${\times}$ the anterior insertion of the pectoral fin were greater in the Korean bullhead than in the Ussurian bullhead (p<0.05). However, the relative sizes of the head region, pectoral fin, ventral fin, and anal fin were greater in the Ussurian bullhead than in the Korean bullhead (p<0.05), and relative body depth and the size of the outer-mandible barbel were greater in the Korean bullhead than in the Ussurian bullhead (p<0.05). The growth curves of the morphometric characteristics of both species were divided into three types.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.27-33
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• 2007

Purpose : The research was done to investigate the effectiveness of 2D bony morphometry and microstructure of micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) on the osteoporotic bony change. We performed the bone morphometric analysis of proximal femur in ovariectomized rabbits with BMD and micro-CT examination. Materials and Methods : Twenty-one female (Newzealand, about 16 weeks old, 2.9-3.4kg) rabbits were used. Three rabbits were sacrificed on the day when experiment began (Baseline). The remaining 18 rabbits were divided into two groups. One group was ovariectomized bilaterally (OVX) and the other animals were subjected to sham operation (Sham). Bone specimens were obtained from the right and left femur of sacrificed rabbits. At intervals of 1, 2, 3, 5, 6 months respectively, BMD tests were performed on the proximal femur by using PIXlmus 2 (GE Lunar Co. USA), 2-dimensional bone morphometric analysis by custome computer program and 2D/3D bone structure analysis by micro-CT (Skyscan 1072, Antwerpen, Belgium). Statistical analysis was carried out for the correlation between bone morphometry, micro-CT and BMD Result : BV/TV, Tb.Th, Tb.N of micro-CT parameters showed higher values in sham group than OVX group. N.Nd/Ar.RI, N.NdNd, N.NdTm, N. TmTm, PmB/Ar.RI, 3-D BoxSlope of 2D morphometric parameters showed higher values in Sham group than OVX group. The micro-CT parameters of Tb.Sp, Tb.N were statistically significant correlated with BMD respectively. Several 2D morphometric parameters were statistically significant correlated with BMD respectively. Conclusion : Several parameters of 2D bony morphometry and micro-CT showed effective aspects on the osteoporotic bony change.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.42-47
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• 2010

Objective: To investigate the morphometric characteristics of the pituitary gland and diaphragma sellae in Korean adults. Methods: Using the 33 formaline fixed adult cadavers (23 male, 10 female), the measurements were taken at the diaphragma sellae and pituitary gland. The authors investigated the relationship between dura and structures surrounding pituitary gland, morphometric aspects of pituitary gland and stalk, and morphometric aspect of central opening of diaphragma sellae. Results: The boundary between the lateral surface of pituitary gland and the medial wall of cavernous sinus was formed by the thin dural layer and pituitary capsule. The pituitary capsule adherent tightly to the pituitary gland was observed to continue from the diaphragma sellae. Mean width, length, and height of the pituitary gland were 14.3${\pm}$2.1, 7.9${\pm}$1.3, and 6.0${\pm}$0.9 mm in anterior lobes, and 8.7${\pm}$1.7, 2.9${\pm}$1.1, and 5.8${\pm}$1.0 mm in posterior lobes, respectively. Although all dimensions of anterior lobe in female were slightly larger than those in male, statistical significance was noted in only longitudinal dimension. The ratio of posterior lobe to the whole length of pituitary gland was about 27%. The mean thickness of pituitary stalk was 2 mm. The diaphragmal opening was 5 mm or more in 26 (78.8%) of 33 specimen. The opening was round in 60.6% of the specimen, and elliptical oriented in an anterior-posterior or transverse direction in 39.4%. Conclusion: These results provide the safe anatomical knowledge during the transsphenoidal surgery and may be helpful to access the possibility of the development of empty sella syndrome.

• Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.462-467
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• 2018

Background: Significant discrepancy exists between anatomical plate designs and the anatomy of the native distal radius, which may be attributable to considerable morphometric variations in the volar aspect of the distal radius. We aimed to evaluate the degree of variability in the morphometry of the distal radius and identify factors associated with this variability. Methods: We measured the volar surface angle (VSA) of the intermediate and lateral columns and the volar surface width (VSW) in the distal radius from three-dimensional computed tomography scans acquired from 81 cadaveric forearms. These morphometric parameters were compared between the lateral and intermediate columns, between males and females, and between Koreans and Caucasians. Caucasian morphometric data were obtained and pooled from the previous studies. The coefficient of variation was used to assess the variability of the parameters and Cohen's d to estimate the effect size of the difference between groups. Results: The average VSA of the lateral column was $22^{\circ}{\pm}6^{\circ}$, and that of the intermediate column was $29^{\circ}{\pm}8^{\circ}$ in Koreans (p < 0.001). The variability was high for both VSAs. The VSA of the intermediate column was significantly larger in males than in females (p < 0.001) and in Caucasians than in Koreans (p < 0.001). The average VSW of distal radius was $30{\pm}3mm$ at the watershed line, and it became narrower proximally. The VSW was significantly larger in males than in females (p < 0.001) and in Koreans than in Caucasians (p < 0.001). The effect sizes of the difference for the VSA and VSW between sexes, races and columns were medium to large. Conclusions: Considerable variability exists in the morphometry of the volar distal radius, with sex, race, and column as contributing factors. These results suggest that surgeons should carefully choose an anatomical volar locking plate with appropriate angulation characteristics for each patient to achieve patient-specific alignment of the distal radius.