• 디자인학연구
• /
• 제5권1호
• /
• pp.21-36
• /
• 1992

Since 80th, in the monetary markets due to the escalation of creditable promptness dealing of financial goods, Korea monetary business has been confronted with structual contradictions. The first like a men power reduction, inorder to meet and satisfying with cost reduction policy of the holding firms and secondly, escalation and expention of business networks or facilities inorder to meet and satis~'ing with customers continuously seeking for prompt, acurate, and helpfulness service nearly like one similar to a door to door service. Accordingly, the firms eventually poured mere sweaty money into procuring such devices for upgrading. On the contrary, however, regardless the escalation monetary expenditure may be, inorder to promote quality of the same devices are keen necessary because present days customer groups were tended to receives ample service almost like door to door service without moving too$$\mu$h apart from the immediate spot where they belongs tl or veryspot of where actually they spend instead of deep consideration of natures, quality or sttractiveness of service medias what they can received from. Under the present circumstance, the financial business firms, however, would highly suffering and receives pressures from imblalance natures ofincoming and out go of the business budget due to excessive inc1ease of managerial expences. For these reasons, therefor, in order to solves, compensates, improves, and developes most effective financial service for customers can use under most pleasant environment, the establishment of adequate standardization of such service devices based on the foregoing environmental circumstances. This analytical study, therefor, mainly aimed and emphasized based on pre- estimatimation of proper devlopment and use of the unattended servicing devices such as Cash Dispenser and Auto Teller Machine by generalization, automating. and innovation of design to meet compactness and door to door like convenient service for customers which can be achieved by performing constant comparative analysis and continual study toward development of such devices those of which produced by Five (5) major domestic producers around the country.

• 한국건축시공학회지
• /
• 제13권4호
• /
• pp.416-423
• /
• 2013

An adjusted assessment model based on benefit-cost analysis (BCA) is proposed for evaluating the economic efficiency of automated construction technologies. In contrast to conventional BCA, the model does not compare monetary values, but the differences in benefits and costs between traditional and automated construction methods. To verify the usefulness of the model, it was applied to a real-scale building construction project that used a fully automated building construction system, and the face validity of the model was confirmed. The results indicate that the model can support decision makers in identifying valuable benefit factors and in assessing the cost effectiveness of the system.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
• /
• 제15권3호
• /
• pp.131-136
• /
• 2015

타당성평가란 개별적인 공공교통시설 개발 사업을 본격적으로 착수하기 위하여 구체적으로 해당 사업계획을 수립하거나 기본설계를 추진하는 단계(이와 유사한 계획 또는 설계를 포함한다)에서 해당 개별사업을 대상으로 실시하는 것을 말한다. 주어진 자원을 효율적으로 배분하기위해 대안들에 대한 편익하고 경제성을 분석하여 최적의 대안을 산출하는 것을 말한다. 본 논문에서는 SOC평가체계의 중요한 부분인 타당성평가에서의 여러 요소들에 관한 연구방향과 미국일본의 사례분석을 제시한다. 기존의 비용편익분석과 더불어 미국, 일본의 평가기준을 살펴보았도 기존의 전통적인 통행시간 절감, 사고감소에 따른 편익뿐만이 아니라 사회적, 문화적 항목의 편익 등에 대한 연구가 활발하게 이루어 지고있음을 보였다. 특히, 존재가치, 집중효과 의 분석을 통하여 지역사회에 프로젝트가 미치는 영향을 사회적인 관접에서 계량화하는 노력들이 이루어 지고있어 이에대한 연구와 계량화에 대한 심도있는 연구가 필요하다.

• 국제학술발표논문집
• /
• The 5th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
• /
• pp.338-343
• /
• 2013

Integrated Project Delivery (IPD) as a delivery method fully capitalizes on an integrated project team that takes advantage of the knowledge of all team members to maximize project outcomes. IPD is currently the highest form of collaboration available because all three core project stakeholders, owner, designer and contractor, are aligned to the same purpose. Compared with traditional project delivery approaches such as Design-Bid-Build (DBB), Design-Build (DB), and CM at-Risk, IPD is distinguished in that it eliminates the adversarial nature of the business by encouraging transparency, open communication, honesty and collaboration among all project stakeholders. The team appropriately shares the project risk and reward. Sharing reward is easy, while it is hard to fairly share a failure. So the compensation structure and the contingency in IPD are very different from those in traditional delivery methods and they are expected to encourage motivation, inspiration and creativity of all project stakeholders to achieve project success. This paper investigates the compensation structure in IPD and provides a method to determine the proper level of contingency allocation to reduce the risk of cost overrun. It also proposes a method in which contingency could be used as a functional monetary incentive when established to produce the desired level of collaboration in IPD. Based on the compensation structure scenario discovered, a probabilistic contingency calculation model was created by evaluating the random nature of changes and various risk drivers. The model can be used by the IPD team to forecast the probability of the cost overrun and equip the IPD team with confidence to really enjoy the benefits of collaborative team work.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
• /
• 제23권5호
• /
• pp.385-396
• /
• 2018

Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the economic efficiency of a nutrition management program for children under 5 years of age in Kenge, Kwango District, Democratic Republic of the Congo (DR Congo) from 2014 to 2016. Methods: The economic efficiency of a nutrition management program for children under 5 years of age who have recovered from malnutrition status was evaluated using a cost-benefit analysis. The costs were analyzed according to the executed budget incurred during the project period. The benefits were estimated as the monetary value of the saved lives of children under 5 years of age. The economic efficiency of the program was determined by the Benefit-Cost Ratio (BCR). The BCR was calculated by dividing the total discounted benefit by the total discounted costs. The project is economically efficient when the BCR is greater than 1. Results: The costs of the nutrition management program were calculated as 1,677,609,648 Korean Won (KRW). A total of 2,466 children survived with improved malnutrition status through this program. The benefit for the reduction of mortality for children under 5 years of age was estimated to be 6,814,354,467 KRW, the estimated value of life for 2,466 children. The BCR was 4.06. Conclusions: The nutrition management program for children under 5 years of age in DR Congo was found to be a cost-effective project. Successful and efficient Official Development Assistance (ODA) for a health project requires integrated and comprehensive strategies and specialized international development consulting to improve efficiency. Future nutrition management programs should take into account the national health program to maintain the sustainability of the project.

• 유통과학연구
• /
• 제12권8호
• /
• pp.123-132
• /
• 2014

Purpose - Recently, Korean companies have been struggling to perform well in the larger smartphone market in China, which is regarded as a blue ocean area. First, it is very important to accurately understand the Chinese consumers, who have a different consumption culture and value system from the Korean culture and system. This would help to identify priorities for the Chinese market. Further, considering the smartphone industry, where technological change is rapid, Korean companies will need to take prompt measures about market trends in order to establish strong competitiveness. Consequently, this study focused on analyzing the relationship between the variables of consumption value, satisfaction, and loyalty in the Chinese smartphone market. The principal dimensions of consumption value, which smartphones have, was analyzed, and the influence on satisfaction was identified. Moreover, the relationship among the variables of satisfaction, attitudinal loyalty, and behavioral loyalty was empirically analyzed. Research design, data, and methodology - This study examined the relationships between various consumption values (functional value, emotional value, social value, epistemic value, and economic value), along with satisfaction and loyalty. The data were collected through a questionnaire survey that was circulated to 310 customers who were users of smartphones in Chingdao and Yeontae regions in China. The survey was conducted from June 23 to August 4, 2013. A total of 301 responses to the questionnaires were collected and used for the data analysis. Moreover, a path analysis based on Lisrel 8.54 was used for the hypothesis test. Results - The variables of functional value, emotional value, social value, and epistemic value were revealed to have positive effects on satisfaction related to smartphone usage. However, the variables of monetary cost and psychological cost were not found to have negative effects on satisfaction related to smartphone usage. Moreover, satisfaction positively influenced attitudinal loyalty related to smartphone usage, but did not have a significant influence on behavioral loyalty related to smartphone usage. Specifically, satisfaction is essential, but not a sufficient condition for building behavioral loyalty in relation to smartphone usage. In addition, attitudinal loyalty positively influenced behavioral loyalty in relation to smartphone usage. Conclusions - First, this study shows that functional value, emotional value, social value, and epistemic value in relation to smartphone usage are important for marketing in the Chinese smartphone market. Particularly, functional value and emotional value play pre-eminent roles as regards customer loyalty in the use of smartphones. Second, the results of this study reveal that the variables of monetary cost and psychological cost are not important to the Chinese consumers. Specifically, the smartphone price and cognitive effort are not perceived as value barriers. Third, satisfaction did not guarantee behavioral loyalty in relation to smartphone usage, and the strategic approach for improving the repurchase and referral action in relation to smartphones based on solid attitudinal loyalty would be desirable and should be the focus of the marketing activities of Korean smartphone companies.

• 지역사회간호학회지
• /
• 제21권3호
• /
• pp.362-373
• /
• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the costs and benefits of individual home visiting health care using secondary data and literature review. Methods: The total number of subjects was 1,008,837. A specific program was classified into disease management, care of infant, child and women, or elderly care. The costs and effects of a program were identified from a societal perspective, and the effects were converted into monetary terms or benefits. The total cost was calculated in the way that medical expenses, travel costs and productivity losses were offset by the decrease in benefits and thus only the program budget was included in the total cost. Results: The total program cost was 47.6 billion won per year and the total annual benefit was estimated at 435.6 billion won. The benefits of arthritis management were the biggest among disease management programs. The net benefit was 388.0 billion won per year and the benefit/cost ratio was 9.16. Conclusion: Home visiting health care was validated to be economically effective. It made a positive contribution to improving the health status of vulnerable populations and reducing medical expenses. These results suggest that home visiting care should be extended more broadly to vulnerable populations.

• 가족자원경영과 정책
• /
• 제16권4호
• /
• pp.45-68
• /
• 2012

This study performed an analysis to determine if an individual can maintain the current consumption, in the case of a single retired elderly person's household using the accumulated assets. Assets are divided into three types, based on the behavioral economics life cycle hypothesis : financial assets, real assets excepting residential assets, and residential assets, and it is assumed that these assets were used on a step-by-step basis. Also, if the assets were sufficient, the maximum withdrawal amount was calculated. The results of the analysis are as follows. First, the monetary assets were sufficient to cover the cost of living for 2.7 years, 6.4 years by using the real assets of the non-occupied housing, and 26.3 years in the case of residential property. Second, in the case of preferentially using the financial assets, 4.4% of the sample households were able to cover the cost of living. Households that were not able to cover the cost of living used the next-stage assets, real assets of the non-occupied housing. Households that were not able to cover the cost of living by financial assets liquidated the real assets with the exception of residential assets and used these to cover the cost of living. A total of 4.8% of the households were able to maintain the current cost of living through the second stage and 25.5% supplemented their funds by using residential assets. That is to say, 35% of the sample households were able to maintain the current level of living by using their assets.

• Ocean Systems Engineering
• /
• 제1권3호
• /
• pp.223-239
• /
• 2011

In combat operations, naval ships may be subjected to considerable air blast and underwater shock loads capable of causing severe structural damage. As the experimental study imposes great monetary and time cost, the numerical solution may provide a valuable alternative. This study emphasises on numerical analysis for optimization of stiffened and unstiffened plate's structural response subjected to air blast load. Linear and non linear finite element (FE) modeling and analysis was carried out and compared with existing experimental results. The obtained results reveal a good agreement between numerical and experimental observations. The presented FE models can eliminate confusion regarding parameters selection and FE operations processing, using commercial software available currently.

• 한국산림과학회지
• /
• 제96권3호
• /
• pp.283-289
• /
• 2007

편익-비용분석은 국립공원 보전과 같은 공공투자 정책의 상대적 가치에 관련된 정보를 파악하는데 매우 유용한 분석도구이다. 편익과 비용이 화폐단위로 계산될 수 있으면 순편익을 계산하여 공공후생을 최대로 얻을 수 있는 정책적 대안을 규명할 수 있다. 그러나 국립공원에서 파생되는 재화와 용역은 일반시장에서 판매되지 않기 때문에 국립공원의 보존정책 결과를 금액으로 계산하는 것은 그리 쉽지 않다. 이 경우 비시장재의 편익가치를 측정하기 위하여 이선선택형 가상가치평가법이 가장 널리 적용된다. 본 연구는 이선선택형 가상가치평가법의 일종인 Turnbull 분포무관모형을 이용하여 월악산국립공원의 경제적 가치를 추정하고 최종적으로 자산가치를 평가하였다. 평가결과, 연간이용가치는 65억원, 연간보존가치는 1,374억원으로, 프로우(flow)인 연간총가치는 1,439억원으로 추정되었으며, 스톡(stock)인 총자산가치는 약 3조217억원으로 평가되었다.