• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.186-192
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• 2008

For the development of specific and effective basic genetic materials to inhibit replication of hepatitis C virus (HCV), HCV genome-targeting trans-splicing aptazyme, which activity is allosterically regulated by a specific ligand, was developed. The aptazyme was designed to be comprised of sequence of RNA aptamer to the ligand, communication module sequence which can transfer structural transition for inducing ribozyme activity upon binding the ligand to the aptamer, and trans-splicing ribozyme targeting +199 nt of HCV IRES. Especially, when the aptamer and the communication module was inserted at both P6 and P8 catalytic domain of the specific ribozyme, allosteric activity of the aptazyme was the most induced. The aptazyme was shown to induce activity of trans-splicing reaction specifically and efficiently only in the presence of the specific ligand, but neither in the absence of any ligand nor in the presence of control ligand. This aptazyme can be used as a specific and effective genetic agent against HCV, and a tool for the isolation of anti-HCV lead compounds.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.243-250
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• 2015

Patterning of the polar axis during the early leaf developmental stage is established by cell-to-cell communication between the shoot apical meristem (SAM) and the leaf primordia. In a previous study, we showed that the DRL1 gene, which encodes a homolog of the Elongator-associated protein KTI12 of yeast, acts as a positive regulator of adaxial leaf patterning and shoot meristem activity. To determine the evolutionally conserved functions of DRL1, we performed a comparison of the deduced amino acid sequence of DRL1 and its yeast homolog, KTI12, and found that while overall homology was low, well-conserved domains were presented. DRL1 contained two conserved plant-specific domains. Expression of the DRL1 gene in a yeast KTI12-deficient yeast mutant suppressed the growth retardation phenotype, but did not rescue the caffeine sensitivity, indicating that the role of Arabidopsis Elongator-associated protein is partially conserved with yeast KTI12, but may have changed between yeast and plants in response to caffeine during the course of evolution. In addition, elevated expression of DRL1 gene triggered zymocin sensitivity, while overexpression of KTI12 maintained zymocin resistance, indicating that the function of Arabidopsis DRL1 may not overlap with yeast KTI12 with regards to toxin sensitivity. In this study, expression analysis showed that class-I KNOX genes were downregulated in the shoot apex, and that YAB and KAN were upregulated in leaves of the Arabidopsis drl1- 101 mutant. Our results provide insight into the communication network between the SAM and leaf primordia required for the establishment of leaf polarity by mediating histone acetylation or through other mechanisms.

• Journal of the Korean Graphic Arts Communication Society
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.45-59
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• 2011

According as gradually increasing the demand for Eco-friendly products it has been progressed fairly development at a field of printing and printing inks. The Inks are used by soy oil beginning of ink industry for preventing environment. Now it is possible to make Eco-friendly inks with vegetable ester. So it is not necessary to use petroleum-based solvents for preventing environment. But There is some problems if using vegetable ester to inks. Vegetable ester has high solubility, it causes misting and low viscosity of the Inks. So resin is required high performance. Thus, in this paper, I studied about the properties variation of the Varnish and inks According to using the phenolic modified rosin ester and Soy oil Methyl esters. The compared in order of average molecular weight by the GPC method, rheological properties were found by rotational rheometer, and emulsion behavior were compared by high speed emulsification tester.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.147-154
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• 2019

In this research, a molecular dynamics system was designed and developed to calculate trajectories of molecules in nozzles and turbin blades. The Lennard-Jones potential model was used to approximate the interaction between a pair of molecules and the Verlet integration is used as a numerical method to integrate Newton's equations of motion. To compute Lennard-Jones potential functions, for the number of molecules N, the computation complexity $O(N^2)$ for interactions of all pairs of molecules is reduced to O(N) by using cutoff radius $r_c$. This was implemented to save CPU times.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.425-432
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• 2019

Molecular dynamics simulations were carried out to analyze the impact on turbine rotational power based on nozzle shapes. y varying two parameters, turbine rotational velocity w and initial velocities ($V_x,V_y$) for generating molecules, turbine rotation velocities of molecules in turbine entrance arc region and turbine exit arc region were calculated. Average momentums were calculated over two regions, respectively and the differences (AMD) were compared and analyzed. The optimal range of w values to enhance AMD was investigated over 4 different nozzle shapes used, and an excellent nozzle shape to achieve more turbine rotational power was drawn.

• Rapid Communication in Photoscience
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.42-47
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• 2014

Development of molecular and supramolecular systems showing efficient photoinduced energy or electron transfer are of current research interest due to their applications in various chemical and biological processes. Various polypyridine metal complexes including Ru(II), Ru(III), Os(II), Pt(II), Fe(II), Re(I), Ir(III) and so on as a metal center introduce for expanding some more understanding of molecular-scale photoelectronics. Their complexes are concisely classified by the types of relay ligands as follows; (a) metal-direct ligand-metal system; dinuclear or trinuclear systems, (b) metal-nonconjugated ligand-metal system and metal-nonconjugated ligand system having flexible/rigid ligand, (c) metal-conjugated ligand-metal system, and (d) conjugated ligand-metal-conjugated ligand system and metal-self assembly ligand-metal system. It is pointed out that the role played by the relay ligands is important in constructing the metal complexes.

• Rapid Communication in Photoscience
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2016

Fluorescent receptors have gained much attention because of their usefulness in analysis and clarification of the roles of biomolecules in living systems. Molecular structures of the integrated type including that the receptor itself is fluorescent, and play an important role in having the functionality or selectivity of the fluorescent compounds. These spaced type fluorescent receptors are required to have special molecular design in order to transmit the information of molecular recognition to the fluorescent unit through the spacer unit. Compared with the spaced type fluorescent receptors, number of the integrated type receptors is limited due to the difficult molecular design and synthesis. Modification of alteration of the fluorophore frequently caused deterioration of the fluorescent property. Various spaced type and integrated type fluorescent receptors including switch on-off receptors are introduced in this article.

• Rapid Communication in Photoscience
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.58-58
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• 2012

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.27 no.12
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• pp.1410-1414
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• 2017

Escherichia coli tryptophan synthase (TS) contains ${\alpha}_2{\beta}_2$, which catalyzes the final two steps in Trp biosynthesis. A molecular tunnel exists between the two active sites of ${\alpha}$ and ${\beta}$ subunits in TS. Via intersubunit communication, TS increases catalytic efficiency, including substrate channeling. The ${\beta}$ subunit of TS is composed of two domains, one of which, the COMM (communication) domain, plays an important role in intersubunit communication. The ${\alpha}$ subunit has a TIM barrel structure. This protein has functional regions at the C terminal of ${\beta}$ pleated sheets and in its loop regions. Three regions of the ${\alpha}$ subunit (${\alpha}L6$ [${\alpha}-loop$ L6], ${\alpha}L2$, and ${\alpha}L3$) are implicated in intersubunit communication. In the present study, conformational changes in ${\alpha}L6$ were monitored by measuring the sensitivity of mutant proteins in these regions to trypsin. The addition of a ${\alpha}$ subunit-specific ligand, D,L-${\alpha}$-glycerophosphate (GP), partially restored the sensitivity of mutant proteins to trypsin. In contrast, the addition of the ${\beta}$ subunit-specific ligand L-serine (Ser) resulted in varied sensitivity to trypsin, with an increase in PT53 (substitution of Pro with Thr at residue 53) and DG56, decrease in NS104 and wild type, and no change in GD51 and PH53. This finding may be related to several reaction intermediates formed under this condition. The addition of both GP and Ser led to a highly stable state of the complex. The present results are consistent with the current model. The method used herein may be useful for screening residues involved in intersubunit communication.

• Journal of the Korean Graphic Arts Communication Society
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.65-78
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• 2002

The suspension polymerization of styrene was carried out to obtain the narrow-size distribution of particle by using poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) as suspension stabilizer according to the degree of hydrolysis and the molecular weight. The stabilizing properties of suspension are also dependent on the interfacial tension of aqueous solution when PVA is added. When the polymerization process was carried out with low hydrolyzed PVA, it gave single, well-defined particles, while high hydrolyzed PVA gave clusters. The size of particle produced in this study ranged between 5${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ and 10${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$. The suspending agent, PVA, influences on the drop size and drop stability, When the molecular weight of PVA is increased, the drop size decreases and the drops become more stable toward coalescence. An increase in the PVA concentration decreases the mean drop size and narrows the drop size distribution.