• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제19권8호
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• pp.119-127
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• 2014

본 논문에서는 편마비 환자는 정상인과 다른 보행 특성을 가지므로 본 논문에서는 이들의 특성을 반영하여 보행자세를 측정하고 실시간 3차원 그래픽으로 보여주는 시스템을 개발하였다. 환자는 허벅지, 종아리 및 발에 각각 센서 모듈을 착용하며, 측정 정밀도를 높이기 위하여 각 모듈에는 3축 가속도 센서와 3축 자이로 센서를 조합하여 적용하였다. 보행자세 디스플레이를 위하여 센서 모듈들로부터 수신한 데이터를 활용하여 허벅지, 종아리 및 발을 3차원 모형으로 모델링하여 실시간으로 화면에 보여주도록 하였으며, 편마비 환자의 특이한 보행 자세를 분석하기에 편리하도록 사용자의 보는 각도를 임의로 변화시킬 수 있도록 하였다. 또한 측정된 자세 정보를 활용하여 RLA(Rancho Los Amigos) 보행 주기의 단계별 진행되는 과정을 실시간으로 판단하여 화면에 표시할 수 있도록 함으로써 진행 단계 및 단계별 소요시간을 통하여 보행의 특성을 평가할 수 있도록 하였다.

• 한국항행학회논문지
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.541-545
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• 2014

ITU-R M.1842-1은 해상 이동 서비스를 위한 RR Appendix18 채널에서 VHF 대역의 디지털 통신의 가이드라인을 제공하는 국제 권고안이다. 본 논문에서는 ITU-R M.1842-1 Annex1에서 제시하는 28.8 kbps 급 ${\pi}$/4-DQPSK 디지털 기저대역 모뎀을 시뮬레이션하고, FPGA로 설계 및 구현한다. 권고안에 패킷구조가 아직 정의되지 않은 상태이므로 패킷검출 및 동기화를 위해 Cazac 시퀀스를 프리앰블로 사용한다. 기저대역 변복조 모뎀은 VHDL로 설계되어 자이링스사의 Atrix7 FPGA 칩이 장착된 NEXYS4 개발 플랫폼에 구현된다. 무선 통신 테스트를 수행하기 위해 ADC/DAC 보드를 제작하고, RF 모듈로서 EV9730을 장착하여 통합 프로토타입을 구현하고 실험한다. 권고안에 정의된 바와 같이 송수신신호는 25 kHz 대역폭을 유지하고, 송수신 플랫폼간 통신이 정상적으로 이루어짐을 실험을 통해 확인한다.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.29-38
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• 2003

This paper deals with an automated computer-aided process planning and die design system with which designer can determine operation sequences even after only a little experience in process planning and die design of multi former-bolt products by multi-stage former working. The approach is based on knowledge-based rules, and a process knowledge base consisting of design rules is built. Knowledge fur the system is formulated from plasticity theories, empirical results and the empirical knowledge of field experts. Programs for the system have been written in AutoLISP for AutoCAD with a personal computer. An attempt is made to link programs incorporating a number of expert design rules with the process variables obtained by commercial FEM softwares, DEFORM and ANSYS, to form a useful package. The system is composed of four main modules. The process planning and die design module considers several factors, such as the complexities of preform geometry, punch and die profiles, specifications of available multi former, and the availability of standard parts. It can provide a flexible process based on either the reduction in the number of forming sequences by combining the possible two processes in sequence, or the reduction of deviation of the distribution and the level of the required forming loads by controlling the forming ratios. The system uses 2D geometry recognition and is integrated with the technology of process planning, die design, and CAE analysis. The standardization of die parts for multi former-bolt products requiring a cold forging process is described. The system developed makes it possible to design and manufacture multi former-bolt products more efficiently.

• 인터넷정보학회논문지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.85-96
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• 2008

유무선 네트워크 환경에서는 사용자 I P 주소와 클라이언트 단말의 MAC 주소 정보를 등록/관리하여 인증 등을 수행하고 있다. 하지만 기존의 MAC 주소 등록/관리 방식은 공격자 자신의 MAC 주소 값을 클라이언트의 MAC 주소 값으로 변경하는 MAC Spoofing 공격에 취약하기 때문에 이에 대한 대처 방안이 제시되어야 한다. 무선 네트워크 환경에서 MAC Spoofing 공격을 탐지하기 위해 기존에 제시된 기법은 패킷의 시퀀스 번호 등에 기초하여 MAC 주소 값의 변경 등을 순차적으로 판별하는 기법이었으나 무선 공격에 대한 탐지/차단 기능을 제공하지 못하고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 무선 네트워크에서 AirSensor와 AP를 기반으로 무선 트래픽에 대한 정보를 수집하고 W-TMS에 구축된 MAC Address Lookup 테이블을 통해 실시간으로 MAC Spoofing 공격을 탐지하며, 다시 AP를 통해 해당 공격 트래픽을 차단할 수 있는 알고리즘을 제시하였다. 본 연구에서 제시한 탐지 및 차단 알고리즘은 성능평가 결과 MAC Spoofing 공격 시도에 대해서 고성능의 탐지/차단 기능을 수행하였으며 최소한의 무선 트래픽 전송 지연만으로도 무선 MAC Spoofing 공격에 대해 실시간으로 대응한다는 것을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제41권9호
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• pp.842-852
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• 2018

Notch signaling is an evolutionarily conserved pathway and involves in the regulation of various cellular and developmental processes. Ligand binding releases the intracellular domain of Notch receptor (NICD), which interacts with DNA-bound CSL [CBF1/Su(H)/Lag-1] to activate transcription of target genes. In the absence of NICD binding, CSL down-regulates target gene expression through the recruitment of various corepressor proteins including SMRT/NCoR (silencing mediator of retinoid and thyroid receptors/nuclear receptor corepressor), SHARP (SMRT/HDAC1-associated repressor protein), and KyoT2. Structural and functional studies revealed the molecular basis of these interactions, in which NICD coactivator and corepressor proteins competitively bind to ${\beta}-trefoil$ domain (BTD) of CSL using a conserved ${\varphi}W{\varphi}P$ motif (${\varphi}$ denotes any hydrophobic residues). To date, there are conflicting ideas regarding the molecular mechanism of SMRT-mediated repression of CSL as to whether CSL-SMRT interaction is direct or indirect (via the bridge factor SHARP). To solve this issue, we mapped the CSL-binding region of SMRT and employed a 'one- plus two-hybrid system' to obtain CSL interaction-defective mutants for this region. We identified the CSL-interaction module of SMRT (CIMS; amino acid 1816-1846) as the molecular determinant of its direct interaction with CSL. Notably, CIMS contains a canonical ${\varphi}W{\varphi}P$ sequence (APIWRP, amino acids 1832-1837) and directly interacts with CSL-BTD in a mode similar to other BTD-binding corepressors. Finally, we showed that CSL-interaction motif, rather than SHARP-interaction motif, of SMRT is involved in transcriptional repression of NICD in a cell-based assay. These results strongly suggest that SMRT participates in CSL-mediated repression via direct binding to CSL.

• 한국실내디자인학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국실내디자인학회 2005년도 춘계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.69-74
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• 2005

Despite the advancement of knowledge and techniques, architectural design has been developed by similar method and science as the logical tool since the development of Le Corbusier's 'module'. However, in the new millenium emotional design has become a key issue and today is the turning point regarding new method for designing human space. While architecture discipline of the West focused on logic, Japan based its origin in eastern discipline has developed a unique design concept called 'metabolism' and advanced it very effectively. Since its development of the unique concept, Toyo Ito has become one of the most Influential architect in and out of Japan who devoted his design career in developing new space concept. This study is specifically focused on Ito's project by finding characteristics of his projects and analyze emotional design factors by using 5 analytical tool - experiencing the space, five senses, landmark, sequence, and scale. Ito's work between 2000-2004, such as Sendai Mediatheque, showed more visible sign of emotional design characteristics compared to the works done in 1990's. Because of the analytical studies researching those emotional design characteristics and methods, the future advancement in new space design will be possible with great success. The result proves that continuing proper analysis and research in design method will assist in approaching new space design method into more advanced realm in very efficient time period with more definite design elements to accomodate and fulfill human needs in given space.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.207-215
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• 2013

In this paper, we address the challenging computer vision problem of obtaining a reliable facial expression analysis from a naturally interacting person. We propose a system that combines a 3D generic face model, 3D head tracking, and 2D tracker to track facial landmarks and recognize expressions. First, we extract facial landmarks from a neutral frontal face, and then we deform a 3D generic face to fit the input face. Next, we use our real-time 3D head tracking module to track a person's head in 3D and predict facial landmark positions in 2D using the projection from the updated 3D face model. Finally, we use tracked 2D landmarks to update the 3D landmarks. This integrated tracking loop enables efficient tracking of the non-rigid parts of a face in the presence of large 3D head motion. We conducted experiments for facial expression recognition using both framebased and sequence-based approaches. Our method provides a 75.9% recognition rate in 8 subjects with 7 key expressions. Our approach provides a considerable step forward toward new applications including human-computer interactions, behavioral science, robotics, and game applications.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.55-65
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• 2016

This paper proposed a new control method which is capable of controlling circulating current considering current capacity of switching device. In the unbalanced voltage conditions, active power and reactive power have double line frequency. Thus, in order to provide active power without ripple, it is necessary to inject the negative sequence current components. However, when the negative current components is injected, it increases the total current flowing in the Arm, and in the Sub-module(SM) the current more than rated is impressed, which leads to destroy the system. Also, in impressing the circulating current reference of each arm, conventional control method impressed applicable $i_{dck}/3$ in the case of balanced voltage conditions. In the case of unbalanced conditions, as arm circulating current of three phase show difference due to the power impressed to each arm, reference of each arm is not identical. In this study, in the case of unbalanced voltage, within permitted current, the control method to decrease the ripple of active power is proposed, through circulating current control and current limitations. This control method has the advantage that calculates the maximum active power possible to generate capacity and impressed the current reference for that much. Also, in impressing circulating current reference, a new control method proposes to impress the reference from calculating active power of each phase. The proposed control method is verified through the simulation results, using the PSCAD/EMTDC.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.235-243
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• 2019

A special eosinophilic agarase exo-type ${\beta}$-agarase gene, AgaDL6, was cloned from a marine agar-degrading bacterium, Flammeovirga sp. HQM9. The gene comprised 1,383-bp nucleotides encoding a putative agarase AgaDL6 of 461 amino acids with a calculated molecular mass of 52.8 kDa. Sequence analysis revealed a ${\beta}$-agarase domain that belongs to the glycoside hydrolase family (GH) 16 and a carbohydrate-binding module (CBM_4_9) unique to agarases. AgaDL6 was heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3). Enzyme activity analysis of the purified protein showed that the optimal temperature and pH of AgaDL6 were $50^{\circ}C$ and 3.0, respectively. AgaDL6 showed thermal stability by retaining more than 98% of activity after incubation for 2 h at $50^{\circ}C$, a feature quite different from other agarases. AgaDL6 also exhibited outstanding acid stability, retaining 100% of activity after incubation for 24 h at pH 2.0 to 5.0, a property distinct from other agarases. This is the first agarase characterized to have such high acid stability. In addition, we observed no obvious stimulation or inhibition of AgaDL6 in the presence of various metal ions and denaturants. AgaDL6 is an exo-type ${\beta}$-1,4 agarase that cleaved agarose into neoagarotetraose and neoagarohexaose as the final products. These characteristics make AgaDL6 a potentially valuable enzyme in the cosmetic, food, and pharmaceutical industries.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제17권10호
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• pp.2627-2642
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• 2023

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a typical, chronic neurodegenerative disease involving the concentration of dopamine, which can disrupt motor activity and cause different degrees of gait disturbance relevant to PD severity in patients. As current clinical PD diagnosis is a complex, time-consuming, and challenging task that relays on physicians' subjective evaluation of visual observations, gait disturbance has been extensively explored to make automatic detection of PD diagnosis and severity rating and provides auxiliary information for physicians' decisions using gait data from various acquisition devices. Among them, wearable sensors have the advantage of flexibility since they do not limit the wearers' activity sphere in this application scenario. In this paper, an attention-based temporal network (ATN) is designed for the time series structure of gait data (vertical ground reaction force signals) from foot sensor systems, to learn the discriminative differences related to PD severity levels hidden in sequential data. The structure of the proposed method is illuminated by Transformer Network for its success in excavating temporal information, containing three modules: a preprocessing module to map intra-moment features, a feature extractor computing complicated gait characteristic of the whole signal sequence in the temporal dimension, and a classifier for the final decision-making about PD severity assessment. The experiment is conducted on the public dataset PDgait of VGRF signals to verify the proposed model's validity and show promising classification performance compared with several existing methods.