• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.1-13
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• 2015

The modification of ultrafiltration membranes with carbon nanotube (CNT) buckypaper on fouling control was investigated. Two types of commercially available flat-sheet membranes were used: PS35 and PES900C/D (PES) (the PS35 membranes were hydrophilic with a molecular weight cutoff of 20 kDa, and the PES membranes were hydrophobic with a molecular weight cutoff of 20 kDa). The CNT buckypaper modified ultrafiltration membranes were prepared by filtering a CNT suspension through the flat-sheet membrane in a dead-end ultrafiltration unit. After modification, the pure water flux of PES was significantly increased, while the pure water flux of PS35 was decreased. The properties of the CNT modified membranes were also investigated. Considering the antifouling properties, pure water flux of the modified membrane, and the stability of CNT buckypaper layer on the membrane surface, ethanol solution with a concentration of 50 wt.%, multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) with a larger diameter (30-50 nm), and the CNT loading with $7.5g/m^2$ was selected. The CNT buckypaper on the surface of ultrafiltration membranes can trap the pollutants in sewage effluent and prevent them reaching the surface of virgin membranes. Water quality analysis showed that the effluent quality of the modified membrane was obviously improved. The removal efficiency of humic acid and protein-like matters by the modified membrane was significant. These results indicate the potential application of the CNT buckypaper layer modified membranes in the field of wastewater reclaim.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.381-385
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• 2019

Surface modification is very efficient and scalable approach to achieve improved membrane performance. We treated Reverse Osmosis Thin Film Composite (TFC RO) membrane with various concentrations of Polyethylene Glycol (PEG), a hydrophilic polymer after activation with sodium hypochlorite. This treatment resulted in an increment of the water flux by 43% and the salt rejection by 2.36% for the 3000 mg/l PEG-treated membrane. Further, these PEG-treated membranes were exposed to a mixture of 3000 mg/l PEG and 1000 mg/l sodium hypochlorite for 1 hour. Further modification of this membrane by PEG and sodium hypochlorite mixture increased the water permeance up to 133% when compared with the virgin TFC RO membrane. We characterized the treated membranes to understand the changes in wettability by contact angle analysis, changes in surface morphology and roughness by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and atomic force microscope (AFM) analysis.

• 멤브레인
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.332-342
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• 2015

본 연구는 역삼투막의 막오염을 해결하기 위하여 실란-에폭시 층을 형성시킨 다층 표면개질법을 이용하여 역삼투막의 내오염성을 향상시키고자 하였다. Sol-gel법을 이용하여 Octyltrimethoxysilane (OcTES)을 막 표면에 가교를 통해 고분자화 하였으며 n = 8인 OcTES의 알킬기가 자발적인 self-assembly를 통하여 막 표면에 가지구조를 형성시켰다. 그 위에 ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether (EGDE)의 ether기를 ring-opening을 통해 막 표면에 친수성을 부여하여 역삼투막의 내오염성을 향상시키고자 하였다. FE-TEM, AFM을 이용하여 막의 단면 및 표면구조 분석을 하였고 막 표면의 ridge and valley 구조와 OcTES, EGDE의 다층 표면개질로 인한 bridge 구조를 확인하였으며, 거칠기의 증가를 통해 막 표면의 가지가 잘 형성되었음을 확인하였다. XPS를 통하여 막 표면의 화학구조에 대한 관찰과 표면개질이 잘 이루어졌음을 확인하였으며, contact angle 분석을 통해 표면개질막의 표면에 친수성이 부여되었음을 확인하였다. EGDE 표면개질 조건 최적화를 진행한 결과 EGDE 농도는 0.5 wt%, ring-opening 온도는 $70^{\circ}C$가 가장 적합하였고, 내오염성 실험 결과 및 막오염지수(MFI)는 SUL-H10, $PA-OcTES_{1.0}$, $PA-OcTES_{1.0}-EGDE_{0.5}$이 68.7, 60.4, 5.4 ($10E-8hr/mL^2$)로 나타나 다층 표면 개질막의 내오염성이 매우 향상되었음을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 아시안잔디학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.45-58
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• 1997

Pigments and thylakoid membrane proteins were investigated in wild type and PS I- mutants from Synechocystis sp. PCC6803 Comparing morphological features, B2 was less fluorescent than the other strains. The contents of chlorophyll a were propotional to the FNR activity in thylakoid membrane. The FNR activity of mutants was lower than that of wild type. In the result of pigments analysis, mutants had smaller cholophyll a than that of wild type. The major carotenoid was found to he $\beta$-caroene, but aeaxanthin was barely detected in thylakoid membrane of mutants. The polypeptide, 14.8kD was detected by electrophoresis in mutants. It was considered to be the modification of 15.4kD in wild type. Membrane polypeptides of 17.6 and 19.7kD were not detected in mutants. In the result of western blotting, subunit I was detected in all strains, but subunit II was barely detected in mutants. Subunit II was not detected in B2 at all. In view of the results so far achieved, the changes of contents of chlorophyll and zeaxanthin were affected by the defficiency or modification of functional domain in subunit I. Also the modification in subunit I affected the subunit II- binding site in PS I. As the result, efficiency of photosynthesis was decreased. Key words: Synechoystis sp. PCC6803, PS I - mutant, Photosynthetic efficiency, Pigment,Thylakoid membrane proteins, Subunit I, II.

• 한국자기공명학회논문지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.67-72
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• 2019

Caveolae are small plasma membrane invaginations that play many roles in signal transduction, endocytosis, mechanoprotection, lipid metabolism. The most important protein in caveolae is the integral membrane protein, caveolin, which is divided into three families such as caveolin 1, caveolin 2, and caveolin 3. Caveolin 1 and 3 are known to incorporate palmitate through linkage to three cysteine residues. Regulation of the protein palmitoylation cycle is important for the cellular processes such as intracellular localization of the target protein, membrane association, conformation, protein-protein interaction, and activity. However, the detailed aspect of individual palmitoylation has not been studied. In the present work, the role of each lipid modification at three cysteines was studied by NMR. Our results suggest that each lipid modification at the natively palmitoylation site has its own roles. For example, lipidations to C106 and C129 are play a role in structural stabilization, however, interestingly, lipid modification to C116 interrupts the structural stabilization.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.251-257
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• 2019

Fabricating hydrophobic porous membrane is important for exploring the applications of membrane distillation (MD). In the present paper, poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) hollow fiber membrane was modified by coating polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) on its surface. The effects of PDMS concentration, cross-linking temperature and cross-linking time on the performance of the composite membranes in a vacuum membrane distillation (VMD) process were investigated. It was found that the hydrophobicity and the VMD performance of the PVDF hollow fiber membrane were obviously improved by coating PDMS. The optimal PDMS concentration, cross-linking temperature and cross-linking time were 0.5 wt%, $80^{\circ}C$, and 9 hr, respectively.

• 한국막학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국막학회 2003년도 추계 총회 및 학술발표회
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• pp.172-175
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• 2003

• 한국막학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국막학회 2000년도 추계 총회 및 국제학술발표회
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• pp.69-70
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• 2000

• 한국막학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국막학회 2001년도 추계 총회 및 학술발표회(한국막학회)
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• pp.27-30
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• 2001

• 한국막학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국막학회 2002년도 추계 총회 및 학술발표회
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• pp.99-102
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• 2002