• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
• /
• v.41 no.5
• /
• pp.309-315
• /
• 2011

A sensitive and specific liquid chromatographic method coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was developed for the analysis of ambroxol (active moiety of acebrophylline). After acetonitrile precipitation of proteins from plasma samples, ambroxol and the domperidone (internal standard, IS) were eluted on a C18 column. The isocratic mobile phase was consisted of 10 mM ammonium acetate and methanol (10 : 90, v/v), with flow rate at 0.2 mL/min. A tandem mass spectrometer, as detector, was used for quantitative analysis in positive mode by a multiple reaction monitoring mode to monitor the m/z 379.2${\rightarrow}$264.0 and the m/z 426.2${\rightarrow}$175.1 transitions for ambroxol and the IS, respectively. Twenty four healthy Korean male subjects received two capsules (100 mg ${\times}$ 2) of either the test or the reference formulation of acebrophylline HCl in a 2 ${\times}$ 2 crossover study, this was followed by a 1week washout period between either formulation. $AUC_{0-t}$ (the area under the plasma concentration-time curve) was calculated by the linear trapezoidal rule. $C_{max}$ (maximum plasma drug concentration) and $T_{max}$ (time to reach $C_{max}$) were compiled from the plasma concentration-time data. The 90% confidence intervals for the log transformed data were acceptable range of log 0.8 to log 1.25 (e.g., log 0.8964 - log 0.9910 for $AUC_{0-t}$ log 0.8690 - log 1.0750 for $C_{max}$). The major parameters, $AUC_{0-t}$ and $C_{max}$ met the criteria of Korea Food and Drug Administration for bioequivalence indicating that Acephyll$^{(R)}$ capsule (test) is bioequivalent to Surfolase$^{(R)}$ capsule (reference).

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
• /
• v.27 no.9
• /
• pp.901-905
• /
• 2004

A rapid, sensitive and selective hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric(HILIC-MS/MS) method for the determination of tiapride in human plasma was developed. Tiapride and internal standard, metoclopramide were extracted from human plasma with dichloromethane at basic pH and analyzed on an Atlantis HILIC silica column with the mobile phase of acetonitrile-ammonium formate (190 mM, pH 3.0) (94：6, v/v). The ana-Iytes were detected using an electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry in the multi-ple-reaction-monitoring mode. The standard curve was linear (r＝0.999) over the concentration range of 1.00-200 ng/mL. The coefficient of variation and relative error for intra- and inter-assay at three QC levels were 6.4∼8.8％ and -2.0∼3.6％, respectively. The recoveries of tiapride ranged from 96.3 to 97.4％, with that of metoclopramide (internal standard) being 94.2％. The lower limit of quantification for tiapride was 1.00 ng/mL using 1 00 $\mu$L of plasma sample.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
• /
• 2004.10a
• /
• pp.668-670
• /
• 2004

Taipei Water Management Office (TWMO) is one of the eleven district offices in Water Resource Agency. Water management is the top priority to be pursued both on daily management and long-term management at TWMO. There are five departments to perform a wide range of tasks in addition to water management. All management prescriptions are simply to provide sustainable clean water for about four millions population in Taipei. TWMO has gone through 16 years experience of development and implementation of GIS in water management. The objectives of this paper are to provide the major ingredients of successful and operational GIS for water management. The five departments at TWMO have performed tasks such as city planning, construction management, forest management, land use enforcement, soil and water conservation, water quality monitoring and protection, garbage collection, and sewage disposal management. Data base creation was one of the major jobs to be done. Update of data base has to be done on a daily basis. Computers, its peripheral, and software are essential for GIS developed at TWMO. Know-how and technical skill on computers and GIS for every technician are contributing significantly such that GIS can be implemented on most of jobs performed at TWMO. Implementations of GIS have been pursued by application modules on a task-oriented basis. Application modules are simple, easy to use, and menu driven with only Chinese. Web-based and mobile GIS are the new components that make water management at TWMO stay on the right course. To solve problems encountered in water management by GIS at TWMO can be easily and user-friendly may be the most important experience.

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
• /
• v.23 no.4
• /
• pp.48-59
• /
• 2018

Beryllium (Be), cobalt (Co), thallium (Tl) and vanadium (V) are candidates of 21 priority soil pollutants in Korea. The distribution of their concentration in soils from three contamination sources including industrial, roadside and mining areas was investigated. Concentrations of the metals were evaluated quantitatively using pollution indices and the fractionation of metals was conducted using modified SM&T (Standards Measurements and Testing programme) sequential extraction. Concentrations of the metals for all samples from industrial and roadside soils were within the range of natural background levels, while some of Be in soils from abandoned mines exceeded that the range. Enrichment Factor (EF) and Nemerow Integrated Pollution Index (NIPI) for Be, Co, Tl and V showed that there are effects or possibilities of anthropogenic activities. Pollution Load Index (PLI) analyses indicated all investigated sites needed further monitoring. The results of sequential extractions indicated mobile fractions (F1+F2) of Be, Tl and V were below 30% except some of Co in soil, which implies their low mobility to neighboring environment media. Variable tools like sequential extraction, comparison with background/actual concentration and pollution indices, as well as aqua regia extraction should be considered when evaluating Be, Co, Tl, V in soil.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
• /
• v.25 no.7
• /
• pp.143-150
• /
• 2020

Recently, many companies are interested in smart factory services. Because various smart factory services are provided by the combination of mobile devices, cloud computing, and IoT services. However, many workers turn away from these systems because most of them are not implemented from the worker's point of view. To solve this, we implemented a development tool that allows field workers to produce their own services so that workers can easily create smart factory services. Manufacturing data is collected in real time from sensors which are connected to manufacturing facilities and stored within smart factory platforms. Implemented development tools can produce services such as monitoring, processing, analysis, and control of manufacturing data in drag-and-drop. The implemented system is effective for small manufacturing companies because of their environment: making various services quickly according to the company's purpose. In addition, it is assumed that this also will help workers' improve operation skills on running smart factories and fostering smart factory capable personnel.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.28 no.7
• /
• pp.1187-1194
• /
• 2007

The three major active isoflavonoids (calycosin-7-O-β -glucoside, isomucronulatol 7-O-β-glucoside, formononetin) and two main saponins (astragaloside I, astragaloside IV) in an extract of Radix Astragali were determined using rapid, sensitive, reliable HPLC/UV and LC-ESI-MS/MS methods. The separation conditions employed for HPLC/UV were optimized using a phenyl-hexyl column (4.6 × 150 mm, 5 μm) with the gradient elution of acetonitrile and water as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min and a detection wavelength of 230 nm. The specificity of the peaks was determined using a triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometer equipped with an electrospray ionization (ESI) source that was operated in multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) in the positive mode. These methods were fully validated with respect to the linearity, accuracy, precision, recovery and robustness. The HPLC/UV method was applied successfully to the quantification of three major isoflavonoids in the extract of Radix Astragali. The results indicate that the established HPLC/UV and LC-ESI-MS/MS methods are suitable for the quantitative analysis and quality control of multi-components in Radix Astragali.

• Journal of the HCI Society of Korea
• /
• v.3 no.1
• /
• pp.1-7
• /
• 2008

Recently researchers have studied mobile physiological sensing device. However, previous works focused on multiple and real time physiological sensing method, instead of aesthetic shape of sensing devices, sensing comfort during monitoring and sensing reliability against the hand motion artifact. In this work, we propose a stone shaped physiological sensing device to monitor the physiological status in a daily life which maximize the aesthetic feeling and sensing comfort and sensing reliability. We proposed stepwise user centered design process for user centric physiological sensing device and evaluated appropriate sensing positions against the hand motion artifacts and pressure from sensors. From the usability test and experiments, we verified the proposed sensing device provides the aesthetic appeals, sensing comfort and sensing reliability. We expect that this work can be applied in the various health care applications in near future.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
• /
• 2010.03a
• /
• pp.933-939
• /
• 2010

Gathering information and systemization of infrastructure disaster management is to reduce uncertainties in making decisions and maximize the number of alternations for reasonable decision making. The key object is the progress report & propagation automation system based on sensors, which is major for providing objective data to realize and support decision makings and delivering decision to a certain area, department, manager and other people rapidly. Collecting, reviewing and database of existing progress report & propagation manual in order to achieve networking of safety management on major social infrastructure of the nation, materialization of field-oriented intelligent business process by developing mobile safety management command transmission device and integrating it into facility safety management network.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
• /
• v.33 no.5
• /
• pp.407-422
• /
• 2014

Objective: The purpose of the study is to develop quantitative usability evaluation criteria for senior-friendly autonomous transportation robot. Background: The Republic of Korea has become the most rapidly aging society, and is anticipated to enter the post-aged society in 2026. To raise the quality of life of a senior with limited mobility and to reduce the burden of caregivers, many high-tech assistive products with information technologies are developed nowadays. The senior-friendly autonomous transportation robot is one person robot vehicle to move a senior to the destination for hospitals, nursing homes or silver town complex. With built-in navigation system and environmental monitoring censors, it automatically seeks the path to the destination and avoids collision to obstacles and pedestrians on the way. Due to the early stage of the product, few usability studies in this field have been done, mostly on general service robots to assist seniors, power wheelchairs and delivery robots. ISO and KS standards for the service robots are focused on safety. Method: Based on the reference usability index, the early draft of the usability evaluation questionnaires was developed. After small group tests and interviews, the experts modified the initial draft to the Usability Evaluation Criteria for Senior-Friendly Autonomous Transportation Robot (UEC-SFATR). Result: UEC-SFATR consisted of 4 subscales - Safety, Controllability, Efficiency and Satisfaction. All of the 4 subscales of UEC-SFATR were passed the reliability criteria by 4 groups of seniors, divided by gender and familiarity of smart-devices. Conclusion: UEC-SFATR covers wider area of user experiences of the SFATR and is a good measurement tool to help both the users and developers of the robot. Application: This study provides guide to the future product development and product competitiveness evaluation by quantifying user experiences for the SFATR.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.14 no.10
• /
• pp.454-462
• /
• 2014

With the development of location aware technologies and mobile devices, location-based services have been studied. To provide location-based services, many researchers proposed methods for processing various query types with Mapreduce(MR). One of the proposed methods, is a Reverse k-nearest neighbor(RkNN) query processing method with MR. However, the existing methods spend too much cost to process the continuous RkNN query. In this paper, we propose an efficient continuous RkNN query processing method with MR to resolve the problems of the existing methods. The proposed method uses the 60-degree-pruning method. The proposed method does not need to reprocess the query for continuous query processing because the proposed method draws and monitors the monitoring area including the candidate objects of a RkNN query. In order to show the superiority of the proposed method, we compare it with the query processing performance of the existing method.