• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.63
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• pp.3-24
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• 2014

This paper focuses on the formation of contract under CISG through the case by the Korean court. Under the CISG, an offer means that a proposal for concluding a contact constitutes the offer, if it is sufficiently definite and indicates the intention of the offeror to be bound in case of acceptance. An acceptance is statement made by or other conduct of the offeree indicating assent to an offer, and this statement purports to be an acceptance but contains additional or different terms which do not materially alter the terms of the offer constitutes an acceptance. In practice, parties negotiate for lots of contract terms to conclude the contract, and the last reply indicating of assent which is made by statement or other conduct to a proposal for concluding a contract would be an acceptance. At this time the most important factor is the intention of parties whether they intend the offer or the acceptance, Purchase order by buyer or Offer Sheet by seller would be understand as condition precedent for the formation of contract. Nevertheless, keep in mind that the Korean court is consistent in the way Purchase order by buyer or Offer Sheet by seller is an acceptance to conclude contract.

• Journal of Engineering Education Research
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.12-21
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to develop an educational program to enhance convergence competence of undergraduate engineering students and analyze its educational effects. Prior to the development of the convergence education program for engineering students, 13 experts in engineering education field surveyed the needs of the convergence education program and 829 students from four engineering colleges in the Seoul metropolitan area, Chungcheong area and Honam area were assessed for the level of convergence competency. The educational program was developed based on the needs analysis and the program consisted of four major themes: convergence lecture, convergence competence, convergence practice, and convergence vision. The validity of the program was confirmed through the two expert validation tests. A total of 40 students participated in the selection of 10 students from each of the four universities. As a result of pre-post comparison of students' convergence competencies, the average of all competencies increased, and it was found that there were statistically significant differences in convergence mindset, differentiation mind, commitment, communication, and social value competence. Implications for the improvement of education programs and convergence education were suggested.

• Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.151-165
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• 1999

In this study, I consider the meaning of activity as the source of mathematical knowledge. Mind-body dualism of Descartes which understands that knowledge precedes activity is somewhat overcomed by Ryle who understands that knowledge and activity are two sides of the same coin. But his discussion cannot offer the explanation about the foundation of rightness or the development of rules which can be expressed propriety of activity or rationality. Contrary to these views, Piaget solve this problem by the reasonability of 'the whole system of activity'. The theory of Dewey can be evaluated as an origin of activism of Piaget. Piaget considers knowledge as the system of activity itself, whereas Dewey considers knowledge as 'the result of activity'. This view of Dewey is related to the view of pragmatism which considers 'practice' is more important than 'theory'. The nature of 'activity' in this study has to be understanded as the interaction or the relation between the subject and the object. If we understand activity like this, we can explain that the whole structure of activity has the 'wholeness' that cannot be simply restored to the sum total of 'parts' and the new structure is a self-regulative transformation system which includes former structure continuously.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.274-286
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to analyze educational functions of Kyujanggak(奎章閣) during King Jeongjo(正祖) and reflect its significance Kyujanggak was established by King Jeongjo in 1776. The main function of Kyujanggak was keeping and managing Eopil(御筆) and it continued to perform what Jiphyeonjeon(集賢殿) had done. Among the functions of Kyujanggak, there found several critical ones that today's educational institution needs to do: 1) library function including collecting, keeping, and utilizing books 2) education of elites like Chogyemoonsin(抄啓文臣) 3) writing and publishing to encourage writing customs(文風振作) 4) the classic-mat lectures(經筵) to facilitate King's learning. Across the ages and in all countries of the world, education is the dynamic force and bulwark, Also, library is the treasure house and center of traditional culture. Especially, Kyujanggak has been estimated to perform the functions of both education and library successfully. The results indicated that the practice of Kyujanggak reminds us that the educational mind and leadership of the top leader of nation is the primary and decisive factor in building a strong culture-nation.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.57-63
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• 2015

Objectives : Through the analysis of the harmonization(和) thought in Traditional Chinese culture, and then excavate the theory and application of Harmonization Method(和法) in Huang Di Nei Jing(黃帝內經) and Shanghan Zabing Lun(傷寒雜病論). Methods : We find the harmonization(和) means harmony and neutral in traditional Chinese culture, including the harmony of society, the harmony of the mind and the body, and so on. Results : Huang Di Nei Jing(黃帝內經) emphasized the health status is moderate, the disease state is unbalance, preserving our health should keep the yin-yang equilibrium, treating disease should reestablish the equilibrium status, which establish the foundation of the theory of Harmonization Method(和法). Shanghan Zabing Lun(傷寒雜病論) created the methods of settlement and harmony, which is a precedent for the wide application of Harmonization Method(和法) for future generations, including to reconcile the interior-exterior and yin-yang, to harmony the ying-wei and qi-blood, to reconcile the activities of qi of internal organs. Conclusions : The harmonization(和) is the ideological foundation of the theory system of TCM and the Harmonization Method(和法). The Harmonization Method(和法) is an important treatment method for clinical practice of Traditional Chinese Medicine.

• Hwankyungkyoyuk
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• v.18 no.1 s.26
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• pp.110-119
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• 2005

The aims of this study was to investigate environmental views of national park rangers and their perspectives on natural environment interpretation as managers and to provide a basic resource to make programs regarding natural environment interpretation improve. The specially designed questionnaire was administered to twenty-five national park rangers who had worked at the southern office of Jiri Mountain National Park. Analysis results are as follows. They had have concerns with environmental problems and about preservation of natural environment. Most of them thought that the purpose of natural environment interpretation was to make change regarding public perceptions and attitudes toward natural environment. Over sixty percents of them recognized that publics had rarely participated in the natural environment interpretation program prepared by a national park. It was turned out that public had not concerned with the program because of the lack of their interests and recognitions regarding the natural environment interpretation program due to the lack of active advertisement for it. It is expected that national park rangers need to advertise the necessity of the program and to manage the program effective with more active mind as well as to develop and practice more appropriate programs for natural environment interpretation.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.355-366
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• 2018

Purpose: To understand the meaning and essence of Vietnamese migrant women's maternal experience after childbirth. Methods: A phenomenological methodology was used for this study. Study participants were six Vietnamese marriage migrant women who had experience of childbirth in Korea. Data collection period was from February 1 through November 4, 2016. Data were collected through in-depth interview and analyzed with the Giorgi method. Results: As a result of study, six main meanings and 12 themes were produced. The six main meanings produced in this study were 'childbirth realized in the double difficulty', 'concerned health between the ở cữ and the sanhujori', 'tired body with hard parenting', 'crowding regret for international marriage after childbirth', 'Grateful partner becoming the prop', and 'Growing maternal instinct by moving the mind and body in a foreign country'. Conclusion: Consideration for postnatal care is necessary from Vietnamese marriage migrant women's viewpoint. Systematic education programs that can improve nursing capability of medical personnel for multicultured clinical practice with development of a postnatal care program suited to multiculture are also necessary.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.348-357
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• 2021

Purpose: This study aimed to explore and understand the health promoting behaviors of low-income overweight and obese women in Korea. Methods: Data were collected from 10 low-income overweight and obese women working at a community self-sufficiency center through semi-structured in-depth interviews. Individual interviews were conducted and transcribed. Deductive content analysis was done, using the MAXQDA program. Results: The health promoting behaviors practiced by low-income overweight and obese women were affected by intrapersonal, interpersonal, and organizational/ community factors. Six categories were identified and two category clusters were derived that could best describe their health promoting experiences. As main category clusters, despite "feeling that the body and mind are not healthy" participants noted "difficulty maintaining a healthy lifestyle." Overall, the participants had poor nutritional status, lacked physical activity, experienced much stress in intrapersonal level, and faced intrapersonal-level barriers to health promoting behaviors. Moreover, participants had a lack of personal will, and lack of specific information to practice health promoting behaviors, a lack of time, and too many overall burdens to earn a living for their family while trying to maintain health promotion behaviors. Conclusion: Lifestyle interventions for nutrition management, encouragement of physical activity, and stress management are needed for overweight and obese low-income women. In addition, social support and policies are needed to improve their living environment.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.53-72
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• 2021

Objective: This study aimed to reveal early childhood teachers' perceptions of teacher competency for ESD using concept mapping and demonstrating its importance. Methods: 16 early childhood teachers in charge of 3-5 year olds conducted statement writing, and then the importance of selected statements were rated by 160 early childhood teachers in charge of 3-5 year olds. Selected statements were analyzed through multidimensional scaling and hierarchical cluster analysis. Results: Early childhood teachers perceived teacher competency for ESD in early childhood as concept mapping with two-dimensions and six clusters. The following six clusters were established (1) ethics for sustainable development, (2) willingness to participate in ESD, (3) development and operation of a sustainable development curriculum, (4) recognition and practice of environmental issues, (5) realization of value for sustainable development, and (6) practical thinking for ESD. And then among the six clusters, the most important cluster was recognized as 'ethics for sustainable development', and among the statements 'having an open mind to understand multiculturalism and the disabled' was considered relatively important Conclusion/Implications: Based on these results, we discussed the importance of teacher competency for ESD in early childhood, development of teacher competency scale, and preparation of a teacher education plans for each competency.

• Development and Reproduction
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.47-56
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• 2023

Despite the commercialization of Next generation sequencing (NGS) gene testing, only a few studies have addressed the various ethical and legal problems associated with NGS testing in Korea Here, we reviewed the normative issues that emerged at each stage of the wet analysis and bioinformatics analysis of NGS gene testing. In particular, it was in mind to apply various international guidelines and the principles of bioethics to actual clinical practice. Considering the characteristics of NGS testing, wet analysis of additional testing can be justified if presumptive consent is recognized. Furthermore, the medical relationship between diseases needs to be established and it should be clear that the patient would have given consent if the patient had been aware of the correlation between genes. At the stage of bioinformatics analysis, the question of unsolicited findings arises. In case of unsolicited and relevant findings, according to American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG), a recognized relationship between genes and diseases needs to be established. In case of unsolicited and not-relevant findings, it is almost impossible to determine whether knowing or not knowing the findings is more beneficial to the patient. However, it seems to be certain that the psychological harm an individual may suffer from such information is likely to be greater if the disease is severe and if there is no cure. The list of genes for which the ACMG guidelines impose reporting obligations is a good reference for judgment.