• BMB Reports
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• 제46권6호
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• pp.316-321
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• 2013

Gastric cancer remains the main cause of cancer death all around the world, and upregulated activation of the nonreceptor tyrosine kinase c-SRC (SRC) is a key player in the development. In this study, we found that expression of Src is also increased in clinical gastric cancer samples, with the protein level increased more significantly than that at the RNA level. Further study revealed that miR34a and miR203, two tumor suppressive miRNAs, inversely correlate with the expression of Src. Restoration of miR34a and miR203 decreased Src expression in gastric cancer cell lines, which in turn inhibited cell growth and cell migration. In summary, our study here revealed that posttranscriptional regulation of Src contributes to the deregulated cell growth and metastasis in gastric cancer, and targeting Src by miR34a or miR203 mimics would be a promising strategy in therapy.

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.75-84
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• 2008

A new automatic small target detection and tracking algorithm for the real-time IR surveillance system is presented. The automatic target detection and tracking algorithm of the real-time systems, requires low complexity and robust tracking performance in the cluttered environment. Linear-array and parallel-scan IR systems usually suffer from severe scan noise caused by the detector non-uniformity. After the spatial filtering and thresholding, this scan noise still remains as high amplitude clutter which degrades the target detection rate and tracking performance. In this paper, we propose a new feature which consists of area and validity information of a measurement. By adopting this feature to the measurements selection and track confirmation, we can increase the target detection rate and reduce both the track loss rate and false track rate. From the experimental results, we can validate the feasibility of the proposed method in the noisy IR images.

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.261-270
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• 1999

본 논문은 측정시스템의 정확도와 불확도 설정, 측정기법 및 측정시스템에 대한 공인화 방안을 제시하고 있다. 측정오차는 크게 정적오차 및 동적오차로 구분되는데, 측정시 항상 존재할 수 있는 정적오차를 구할 수 있는 오차방정식과, 공인화 절차를 제안하였다.

• International Journal of Costume and Fashion
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.39-49
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• 2015

Heavenly Kingdom was known for their strict discipline and law as well as their anti-corruption practices and for putting up unconventional ideas to rule its kingdom. They became weak as their leadership was split along with the power struggles that occurred within their kingdom. Heavenly Kingdom's style of dress also ended during this period, but their philosophy continues to influence the style of dress. Taiping rebellion was modern China's biggest internal disturbance which prior studies included political ideals, gender equality and the peasant movement. My research is to associate Heavenly Kingdom's ideas and their dress style by analyzing its relations. Their form of clothing was similar to the Qing Dynasty but the same. They wanted to restore their identity of the Han(漢) while their ideology was oriented in creating a large enough military power to go against the corrupt Qing Dynasty as seen in their military uniform. This research is to analyze about Heavenly Kingdom's ideology with regard to their style of dress but because of their short existence, there are only small remains of artifacts and clothing available which limits this research. This research has to developing further research as I gather more additional data.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.579-583
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• 2012

Background: The SULT1A1 Arg213His polymorphism is reported to be associated with lung cancer risk. However, this relationship remains controversial. For better understanding a meta-analysis was therefore performed. Methods: An extensive search was performed to identify all case-control studies investigating association between SULT1A1 Arg213His polymorphism and lung cancer risk. The strength was assessed by odds ratio (OR) with the corresponding 95% confidence interval (95%CI). Results: A total of five publications covering 1,669 cases and 1,890 controls were included in this meta-analysis. No significant association between SULT1A1 Arg213His polymorphism and lung cancer risk was observed in overall comparisons in all genetic models (dominant model: OR=1.33, 95%CI=1.00-1.76, P=0.05; additive model: OR=1.30, 95%CI=0.93-1.81, P=0.12; recessive model: OR=1.21, 95%CI=0.89-1.66, P=0.23). However, on subgroup analysis, an elevated risk in mixed populations with variant His allele was revealed in the dominant model (OR=1.66, 95% CI=1.06-2.62, P=0.03). Furthermore, the SULT1A1 Arg213His polymorphism was associated with an increased risk of lung cancer in both females and males in the dominant model (females: OR=1.72, 95%CI=1.29-2.27, P=0.00; males: OR=1.46, 95%CI=1.19-1.78, P=0.00). No significant association between this polymorphism and different smoking status (smokers and non-smokers) and the other ethnicities (Asians and Caucasians) was shown. Conclusions: The results of this meta-analysis indicate that the SULT1A1 Arg213His polymorphism is not associated with lung cancer risk in Asians and Caucasians, but possible elevation for genotype (GA/AA) in mixed populations and males and females needs further investigation.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권9호
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• pp.4807-4814
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• 2012

Purpose: The chemoresistance of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) to cytotoxic drugs, especially intrinsic or acquired multidrug resistance (MDR), still remains a major challenge in the management of HCC. In the present study, possible mechanisms involved in MDR of HCC were identified using a 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-resistant human HCC cell line. Methods: BEL-7402/5-FU cells were established through continuous culturing parental BEL-7402 cells, imitating the pattern of chemotherapy clinically. Growth curves and chemosensitivity to cytotoxic drugs were determined by MTT assay. Doubling times, colony formation and adherence rates were calculated after cell counting. Morphological alteration, karyotype morphology, and untrastructure were assessed under optical and electron microscopes. The distribution in the cell cycle and drug efflux pump activity were measured by flow cytometry. Furthermore, expression of potential genes involved in MDR of BEL-7402/5-FU cells were detected by immunocytochemistry. Results: Compared to its parental cells, BEL-7402/5-FU cells had a prolonged doubling time, a lower mitotic index, colony efficiency and adhesive ability, and a decreased drug efflux pump activity. The resistant cells tended to grow in clusters and apparent changes of ultrastructures occurred. BEL-7402/5-FU cells presented with an increased proportion in S and G2/M phases with a concomitant decrease in G0/G1 phase. The MDR phenotype of BEL-7402/5-FU might be partly attributed to increased drug efflux pump activity via multidrug resistance protein 1 (MRP1), overexpression of thymidylate synthase (TS), resistance to apoptosis by augmentation of the Bcl-xl/Bax ratio, and intracellular adhesion medicated by E-cadherin (E-cad). P-glycoprotein (P-gp) might play a limited role in the MDR of BEL-7402/5-FU. Conclusion: Increased activity or expression of MRP1, Bcl-xl, TS, and E-cad appear to be involved in the MDR mechanism of BEL-7402/5-FU.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.118-125
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• 2014

Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignant bone tumor with a very poor prognosis. Treating osteosarcoma remains a challenge due to its high transitivity. Tenascin-C, with large molecular weight variants including different combinations of its alternative spliced FNIII repeats, is specifically over expressed in tumor tissues. This study examined the expression of Tenascin-C FNIIIA1 in osteosarcoma tissues, and estimated the effect of mechanical stimulation on A1 expression in MG-63 cells. Through immunohistochemical analysis, we found that the A1 protein was expressed at a higher level in osteosarcoma tissues than in adjacent normal tissues. By cell migration assay, we observed that there was a significant correlation between A1 expression and MG-63 cell migration. The relation is that Tenascin-C FNIIIA1 can promote MG-63 cell migration. According to our further study into the effect of mechanical stimulation on A1 expression in MG-63 cells, the mRNA and protein levels of A1 were significantly up-regulated under mechanical stress with the mTOR molecule proving indispensable. Meanwhile, 4E-BP1 and S6K1 (downstream molecule of mTOR) are necessary for A1 normal expression in MG-63 cells whether or not mechanical stress has been encountered. We found that Tenascin-C FNIIIA1 is over-expressed in osteosar-coma tissues and can promote MG-63 cell migration. Furthermore, mechanical stress can facilitate MG-63 cell migration though facilitating A1 overexpression with the necessary molecules (mTOR, 4E-BP1 and S6K1). In con-clusion, high expression of A1 may promote the meta-stasis of osteosarcoma by facilitating MG-63 cell migration. Tenascin-C FNIIIA1 could be used as an indicator in metastatic osteosarcoma patients.

• BMB Reports
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• 제49권10호
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• pp.548-553
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• 2016

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are widely used in cartilage tissue engineering to repair articular cartilage defects. However, hypertrophy of chondrocytes derived from MSCs might hinder the stabilization of hyaline cartilage. Thus, it is very important to find a suitable way to maintain the chondrogenic phenotype of chondrocytes. It has been reported that cordycepin has anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor functions. However, the role of cordycepin in chondrocyte hypertrophy remains unclear. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the effect of cordycepin on chondrogenesis and chondrocyte hypertrophy in MSCs and ATDC5 cells. Cordycepin upregulated chondrogenic markers including Sox9 and collagen type II while down-regulated hypertrophic markers including Runx2 and collagen type X. Further exploration showed that cordycepin promoted chondrogenesis through inhibiting Nrf2 while activating BMP signaling. Besides, cordycepin suppressed chondrocyte hypertrophy through PI3K/Bapx1 pathway and Notch signaling. Our results indicated cordycepin had the potential to maintain chondrocyte phenotype and reconstruct engineered cartilage.

• 융합보안논문지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.105-112
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• 2018

한국과 베트남은 1992년 수교 이후 정치, 경제, 문화적으로 폭넓은 교류협력을 이어왔다. 2018년 3월, 문재인 대통령은 신남방정책의 핵심 파트너인 베트남을 공식 방문하여 교역확대와 한반도 평화정착을 위한 포괄적 협력방안을 논의했다. 2018년 4월에 열린 한(韓) 베트남 국방장관 회담에서는 해양안보, 방산협력, UN PKO 활동, 유해발굴, 인도적 지원 등 국방 방산 전분야 협력증진을 골자로 하는 '국방협력에 관한 공동비전 성명'을 체결했다. 현재 베트남은 남중국해를 둘러싸고 중국과 도서영유권 분쟁을 겪고 있으며 이에 대응하기 위해 군 현대화와 군비증강에 박차를 가하고 있다. 특히 해상전력을 강화하기 위해 미국과 러시아, 인도, 프랑스 등과 이념을 초월하여 대외군사협력을 강화하고 있다. 이러한 배경에서 한(韓) 베트남 교류협력은 기존의 경제 문화적 교류를 넘어 군사협력으로 범위를 확대해나갈 필요성이 있다고 판단된다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 수교 26주년을 맞은 한(韓) 베트남 관계를 재조명하고 'Next China'로 성장한 베트남과의 군사협력 발전방안을 모색하고자 한다. 이를 위해 베트남의 안보환경과 군사전략을 분석하고, 방산분야를 중심으로 한 군사협력 추진전략을 제시하였다.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.467-472
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• 2024

본 논문은 가라테의 역사와 군사훈련으로서의 활용, 그리고 국방체육으로서의 가치에 대해 고찰하였다. 가라테는 오키나와에서 기원한 무술로, 근대 들어 일본 군대의 훈련에 도입되면서 세계적으로 널리 보급되었다. 특히 제2차 세계대전 당시 일본군은 백병전에 대비해 가라테 훈련을 강화하였고, 전후 주일 미군을 통해 가라테는 서구 사회에 전파되었다. 현대 군대에서도 가라테를 포함한 각종 무술이 군사훈련에 활용되고 있다. 미 해병대의 MCMAP, 이스라엘 군의 크라브마가 등이 대표적인 군사무술 프로그램이다. 이들은 가라테, 유도, 복싱 등 다양한 무술의 기술을 융합해 실전에 최적화된 체계를 갖추고 있다. 군 교육에서 가라테는 개인의 신체적·정신적 능력 향상과 부대 전체의 전투력 강화에 기여하고 있다. 격렬한 수련을 통해 체력과 정신력을 기를 수 있고, 백병전 상황에 대비한 실전 기술 습득이 가능하다. 나아가 동료와의 호흡을 맞추는 단체훈련을 통해 전우애와 단결력도 다질 수 있다. 다만 현대전의 양상 변화로 군 교육에서 무술 훈련의 비중과 방식에 대한 재고가 필요해 보인다. 첨단 무기의 발달로 개인 간 격투보다는 팀 단위 작전 수행 능력이 더욱 중요해졌기 때문이다. 전통 가라테의 기술체계를 그대로 적용하기보다는 현대전에 맞게 변형·발전시킬 필요가 있을 것이다. 그럼에도 불구하고 강인한 체력, 불굴의 정신력, 전우애 등 군인의 핵심 자질을 함양하는 데 있어 가라테를 포함한 무술 수련의 가치는 여전히 유효하다. 앞으로도 각국 군대는 시대 변화에 맞춰 무술 훈련 체계를 발전시켜 나갈 것으로 전망된다.