• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.60 no.3
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• pp.275-297
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to analyse economic preparations for aging of the middle and old-aged and their determinants empirically, and then to discuss the findings and implications for the results of analysis. Data from The Social Statistics Survey conducted by Korea National Statistical Office are used in this study. From this dataset, 18,354 Middle and Old Citizens aged between 45 and 59 were selected for this study. The Conceptual framework for this study was based on Andersen's behavioral model and logistic model was used to investigate factors that affect economic preparation for aging. The results of this study can be summarized as follows. First, Proportion of middle and old citizen with no economic preparation for aging was high, and old-aged had lower level of economic preparation for aging than relative less aged. Second, male, education level, marital status, economic activities, recognition of present income, housing ownership, residental location, and total life condition improvement is positively and statistically significantly associated with economic preparations for aging. Third, while male, age, and economic activities is negatively and statistically significantly associated with private economic preparations for aging, education level, recognition of present income, and total life condition improvement is positively and statistically significantly associated with private economic preparations for aging. Fourth, while male, education level, marital status, economic activities, recognition of present income, housing ownership, residental location, and total life condition improvement, expectation of future income is positively and statistically significantly associated with secondary economic preparations for aging, age is negatively and statistically significantly associated with secondary economic preparations for aging.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.55-62
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• 2008

As the living standard of citizens are improving and the demand for the quality of life is increasing, the demand for the facilities of welfare and convenience for varied ages rises. Besides, our residential environment is faced with the need for changing into the environment of integrated function of living, which holds health, leisure, culture, education, welfare, etc. Considering the present reality requiring the augment of welfare facilities due to our aging society, community integrated facilities are needed, which can contain welfare service for home-living citizens within residential circle and can accept diverse needs of residents. Accordingly, the study began in order to suggest a better direction for community integrated facilities' plan that considers all age brackets for aging society. The study is to figure out way of thinking what community space of 3 age cluster middle-age in the 30s~40s, preparatory senior citizen in the 50s and old age brackets in the 60s~70s. As methods for attaining the aim of this study, surveys of documents and questionnaire survey were simultaneously used. The result of the study, investigating the importance of a community among the members in the residential complex, showed that all the age groups have highly perceived its importance. All the age groups responded that leisure are important to the elderly. It indicates that importance of their social relations are within the residential environment and it proves that there is lack of facilities for leisure activities of residents in apartment house.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.275-289
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to examine the middle aged's perception of aging and the degree of physical/financial/social preparation for later life and to explore the effect of the middle aged's perception of aging, who live in Gwangju & Jeonnam of Korea, on physical/financial/social preparation for later life. This research also explores gender differences in perception of aging, preparation for later life and related factors. For the purpose, the survey data was gathered from 424 middle aged (40's & 50's) citizens who live in Gwangju and Jeonnam, using structured questionnaire. The statistical methods used for data analysis are descriptive statistics, cross tables, t-test, correlations and regression with Spss/win 17.0 program. The major findings of this study are as follows: Most of the respondents perceive that the age of being aged is 65 or 70 years old. Respondents feel anxiety about health (84%), finance (57%) and roleless role (22%) of later life. Female group feel health anxiety more than male group. Many people perceive that social preparation for later life is better than financial preparation and physical preparation for later life. The result shows that female group perceives their physical preparation level more positively than male group generally. But, there were no differences in financial and social preparation between gender groups. Finally, the result shows the meaningful relationships between male group's perception of aging and financial preparation for later life. Monthly income is the most important variable predicting preparation for later life.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.271-279
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to focus on the townscape of Daegu based on the urban characteristics of the landscape cognition and images captured by citizens. The analysis was performed by the data obtained from questionnaires and interviews. This study methods were deals the cognition characteristics, landmark landscape, visual preference landscape, image and satisfaction. The results are summarized as follows: 1. The orders of cognition landscapes were estimated Apple＞ Weather＞ Texture＞ Mt.Palgong＞ Daegu Tower＞ Pretty Girl＞ Mt. Apsan＞ Dalsung Park＞ Conservative＞ Dongsung Road, etc. That is constructed Nonphysical elements(62.0%) and Physical elements(38.0%) 2. The orders of representative landscape(Landmark) in city were estimated Mt.Palgong＞ Daegu Tower＞ Gat Rock＞ Mt.Apsan＞ Dalsung Park, etc. As a whole middle and old people(over 30gen) preferenced as a history landscape or natural landscape, but youth people(10-20gen) preferenced as visible and interesting artifical places. 3. While the positive attitudes for the image of city were traditional(3.30), intimacy(3.58), and rest(2.90), the negative attitudes were unnewly(2.34), closing(2.37) and narrow(2.40). Also total satisfaction for that was estimated 5.51. 4. Psychological factors, related to the satisfaction of the image of city were composed of four factors, individuality character, pleasure character, amenity character, formation character. And the presumption formula of satisfaction was: Satisfaction = 5.477 ＋ 0.752(Individuality) ＋ 0.470(Pleasure) ＋ 0.413(Amenity) ＋ 0.241(Formation).

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.670-686
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• 2010

This study aims at clarifying the action types of skin management which is base on age, marriage or not, family composition, school career, and income which are demographic variables centering around the lifestyle of middleaged and old age women. As for study method, this researcher executed literature study and questionnaire on adult women over 45 years old who dwell in Seoul and Kyounggi area. Survey period was Mar. 1, 2009 to Jun. 30. And, after distributing 1,000 copies of questionnaire, this researcher used effective 869 copies of questionnaire for analysis out of collected questionnaire, 895 copies. As for analysis method, this researcher executed DUNCAN test with factor analysis, reliability analysis, manin component analysis, K-average, multitude analysis, dispersion analysis and post verification by using SPSS 12.0 program. As for demographic feature for middle aged and old age women, 50~59 years old women were most by age as 302 persons(33.7%). It is emerging that spouse existence is very high as 674 persons(75.3%) in the answer for marriage or not, couple family to live with unmarried children is very high as 483 persons(54.0%) in the answer for family composition, leaving high school in mid-course or gradation of high school are very high as 356 persons(39.8%) in the answer for school career, income from 3 million Won under 4 million won is very high as 260 persons(29.1%) in the answer for monthly income of family members, and women to use under 50 thousand won is very high as 510 persons(57.0%) in the monthly average expense to be used for skin management. In this study, this researcher extracted total 5 factors (economic saving, displaying consumption, confidence inclination, centering around family, and leisure application) by executing factor analysis with 12 question items of lifestyle so as to grasp factor structure of lifestyle of middleaged and old age people, and whole explanatory variable quantity was 70.9%. This researcher named as economic saving type, diplaying consumption style, and type centering around leisure and family, after making multitude analysis about 5 factors analyzed by measuring lifestyle feature. As the result of structure analysis of question items of skin management(pursuit of skin management, life of skin management, and inclination of skin management), this researcher extracted total 3 factors, and whole explanatory variable quantity was 71.30%. Thus, it emerged that there is significant difference among groups.

• 한국노년학
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.723-739
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• 2019

This study is to verify the mediated effects of attitudes toward old people and dementia in the influence of elderly couples in the aging society amid the rapidly changing family structure and functions due to the combination of individualization, marital status and divorce rate. In order to carry out such research purposes, data were collected from students of elementary, middle and high schools in Gwangju, through self-subscribed questionnaire. For statistical analysis, the SPSS 20.0 and AMOS 18.0 programs were used and frequency, percentages, technical statistics, correlation, factor analysis, structural model validation, and the Sobel-Test were performed. The results of this study are as follows. First, family intimacy, elderly awareness, and elderly care were the highest among elementary school students, followed by middle school and high school students (P.<.001). Also, in religion, the family intimacy of teenagers with religion was higher than those without religion (p.001). Second, family intimacy directly affected elderly people's attitudes toward dementia and elderly care, old people's attitudes toward dementia and attitudes toward dementia directly affected elderly care. Third, family intimacy (parent-child) was found to be 7.8% for older adults, 20.2% for family intimacy and attitudes toward dementia, and 34.1% for elderly care (p.<.001). Fourth, it has been verified that the absolute value of attitudes toward dementia and elderly people's awareness of elderly people and attitudes between family intimacy and elderly care has been higher than 1.96 and thus acts as a mediating role. These findings are intended to contribute to the welfare of senior citizens' education to improve the quality of life for senior citizens through the resolution of conflicts between generations, as well as the resolution of positive stimulus, by developing various programs such as family friendship, elderly awareness, culture with parents, and various experiences to improve attitudes toward dementia in early adolescence.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.37
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• pp.31-49
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• 2014

Peking has peculiar features as capital city, and has gone through various transformations, with its name changed from Peking to Peiping to Peking. Even when it did not serve as a capital city, it still played an unrivaled role in cultural aspects. Laoshe, a great writer of 'Peking flavour' literature, is famous for works full of cultural charms of Peking. In his works, which show the manners, norms, art, culture and optimistic life style of Peking, Peking culture is described as an extension of cultural traditions of Qiren. In addition, his critical view of reality is also expressed in the works. Linhaiyin's literary works show ordinary hutongs she experienced in the 1920s in Chengnan, the southern part of Peking, and the quiet and simple life of warm-hearted people living there. Her vague memories of Peking, along with her nostalgia for the city, let her describe the city with recreated happy memories of it instead of the harsh critical view. Her works express the city in her recreated memory full of hope, with her dark memories of the city being glossed over. As seen above, Laoshe realistically described the tragic and difficult life of low class people in hutongs of Peking as well as lower middle class people of the city. Meanwhile, in ChengnanJiushi, Linhaiyin expresses the daily routine and ordinary life of people in Peking from the perspective of middle class people. In addition, she showed the sympathetic view of middle class citizens towards their low-class neighbors. In Peking Menghualu, Wangdewei mentioned that the 'castle of memory' which old Peking people in Taiwan tried to establish fills an important gap for the continuity of Peking cultural history and cultural imagination. This indicates that the 'Peking castle of memories,' which Linhaiyin, a Taiwanese writer well known for 'Peking flavour,' has established plays a big role in filling part of such gap. ChengnanJiushi, Wuyigong's film based on Linhaiyin's novel of the same title, also describes the daily sceneries and culture of the southern Peking in the 1920s, which both Taiwanese and Chinese people miss, through sophisticated images with 'profound yearning tinted with calm sadness', accomplishing an artistic achievement different from that of the novel.

• 한국노년학
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.359-377
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to examine the direction of the elderly theatre by analyzing an example of the elderly theatre program which is attempted in a way of the welfare of senior citizens in terms of cultural support. To this end, the 'Hoechun Circus' composed of elderly women in Dangjin, South Chungcheong Province, was investigated and analyzed. Research methods uses a case study, performance theory, and peer review strategies to increase the validity of the study. The results of the study are as follows: Firstly, the elderly women intended to communicate with children and adolescents through performance; Secondly, they wanted to communicate with other physically uncomfortable elderly people; Thirdly, they also attempted to communicate with young or middle-aged as well as all residents; Fourthly, they experienced a new genre of theatre to identify themselves in a different ways and enhance their sense of accomplishment and spent their old age pleasantly and informally. Based on these findings, the following suggestions were made. First, we should expand the theatre programs of senior citizens which benchmark the 'Hoechun Circus'. Second, various cases of elderly theater should be studied and policy research to support such elderly theatre is necessary. Besides, educational courses to train elderly theatre experts should also be developed. Third, it should also seek ways for the program to move beyond regional limits and interact with organizations at home and abroad. Fourth, there is room to explore new ways in the field of theater therapy, and the development of sociodrama or psychodrama programs can be an alternative.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.51 no.5
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• pp.265-273
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• 2013

The insurance payment plan for dental implants in Korea has been criticized because the payment priority has not been properly established, and the benefits are concentrated among middle-class citizens. In the current study, the relationship between the oral health condition and socioeconomic status of the elderly was analyzed using data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). This study aims to determine the reason underlying the criticism of the insurance payment plan. The subjects were >65-year-old individuals in the 2010 and 2011 database of KNHANES. Data from 2,812 subjects were analyzed. The socioeconomic status was determined based on edentulousness, molar tooth loss, and presence of 28 teeth. According to the analysis, the average income was 1,560,000 won for edentulous elderly, 1,811,000 won for elderly who had lost molar teeth, and 1,896,000 won for elderly with 28 teeth (p<0.05). In addition, elderly with a low education level demonstrated a poor oral health condition (p<0.001). In conclusion, the insurance plan currently under examination is not properly designed for economically impoverished elderly because the plan only covers 50% of the costs and is limited to implantation of molar teeth only. This plan will not provide practical benefits to elderly with a poor socioeconomic status; therefore, the insurance payment plan needs to be improved so that the appropriate beneficiaries can be targeted.

• The Korean Society of Law and Medicine
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.263-291
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• 2015

In May, 2015, a 68 years old man, who has been Middle East Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates, had high fever, muscle aches, cough and shortness of breath. he went two local hospital near his house and the S Medical Center emergency center. He was diagnosed MERS(Middle East respiratory syndrome) and the diseases had put South Korea the fear of epidemics for three months. Especially, this disease has firstly reported in Middle East Asia in September 2012 and spreaded to twenty-six countries. In 21, July, 2015, European Center for disease prevention and control reported 533 people were died and in South Korea, 186 people were infected, 36 people were died and 16,693 people were isolated from MERS. South Korea government were faced into epidemic control and blamed from public. Especially, hospital acquired infection, disease control chain, opening of information, ventilation, lack of isolation bed, the problem of function of local health center, the issue of reparation for hospital and insurance cover rate, the classification of disease, the role of Korea Centers for disease control and prevention, the culture of visiting hospital to see sick people, the issue of hospital multiple room and other related social support policy. it is time to study and discuss to solve these problems. South Korea citizens felt fear and fright from MERS. What is wore, they thought the dieses were out of their government control. It was unusual case for word except Middle East Asia. numerous tourists canceled visiting korea. South korea economic were severly damaged especially, tourism industry. South korea government should admit that they had failed initial action against MERS and take full reasonability from any damages. The government have to open information to public in terms of epidemic diseases and try to prevent any other epidemic diseases and try to work with local governments.