The purpose of this study was to investigate the influences of adolescents' body image and communication with their parents on the alienation of male and female middle school students. The subjects were 253 middle school students. The data were analyzed with SPSS win 18.0 using Cronbach's ${\alpha}$, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Scheff$\acute{e}$ test and stepwise regression. The findings showed that problematic communication with the father was the strongest factor in explaining the alienation of male middle school students. The second strongest factor was the middles school student's open communication with the mother, and the third strongest factor was the middle school student's perception of physical health. Unlike male students, open communication with the father was the strongest factor in explaining the alienation of female middle school students. Problematic communication with the mother was the second strongest factor. Perception of physical appearance was the third strongest, and perception of physical health was the fourth strongest factor. Based on the results of the study, implications were discussed in terms of the alienation of male and female middle school students.
Purpose: Adolescents use emoticons to express their emotions in an online environment. Hence, medical experts can understand the emotions of adolescents by emoticons. The goal of this study was to investigate the relationship between various emotions and emoticons among the Korean adolescents. Methods: The questionnaire survey was conducted between September 1 and 30, 2014, involving 3,272 students in elementary schools, middle schools, and high schools affiliated in the Department of Education of the metropolitan city of Busan. A total of 1,717 students responded to the survey. The participants consisted of 806 males (46.9%), and 911 females (53.1%). Among these, there were 557 elementary school students (32.4%), 617 middle school students (35.9%), and 543 high school students (31.6%). A social networking analysis was conducted using NodeXL. Results: The frequency of emoticon use among adolescents runs in the order of joy, sadness, fear, surprise, anger, disgust, and then depression. Elementary school females mainly use emoticons to express joy; middle school females use emoticons to express sadness, surprise, anger, disgust, and depression; and high school females use emoticons to express fear. Age- and gender-specific emoticon networks were visualized by using the Haren-Korel fast multiscale algorithm. Commonly used emoticons by age and gender were expressed in the networks. Results of age- and gender-specific emoticon networks visualization show similar results of centrality of seven emoticons. Conclusion: In the digital communication environment, emoticons could be used to catch the emotions of adolescents in Korea.
Objective: The purpose of the study was to examine the direct effects of parent-adolescent communication and its indirect effects through adolescent friendship quality on happiness among both middle and high school students. Methods: Participants in this study were 1,126 adolescents (667 middle school students and 459 high school students) in Seoul and Gyoung-gi Do. Data were collected through self-report questionnaires for adolescents, which included measures of parent-adolescent communication, friendship quality and happiness. Data were analyzed by t-tests, correlations, and SEM using SPSS 22.0 and Mplus 6.0. Results: For middle school students, father-adolescent communication had direct and indirect effects on happiness. However, mother-adolescent communication did not directly or indirectly affect adolescent happiness. Specifically, only father-adolescent communication had an significant indirect effect through friendship quality on adolescent happiness. For high school students, father-adolescent communication had direct effects on happiness, while mother-adolescent communication had significant indirect effects on adolescent happiness via friendship quality. Conclusion: This study underscores the importance of parent-adolescent communication and friendship quality in predicting adolescent happiness with differences in direct and indirect paths between middle and high school students. These findings emphasize the role of parent-adolescent communication and friendship quality in developing programs to improve the happiness of adolescents.
Objectives: The purpose of this study is to identify the associated factors with subjective oral symptoms experience of obesity adolescents. Methods: The study subjects were targeting 8,139 obesity adolescents and 55,601 non-Obesity adolescents who completed 2016 Korean Youth Risk Behavior Web-based survey. Dependent variables were subjective oral symptoms experiences of fracture teeth, pain, throbbing pain, periodontal pain & bleeding, mucosal disease and bad breath. Independent variables were demographic characteristics of the subjects, oral health behaviors, health behaviors and eating habits. Results: Obesity adolescents were 12.8% with 61.9% subjective oral symptoms experience. Regarding the related factors of subjective oral symptoms experience of obesity adolescents, the factors were identified to be significantly higher in high school (OR=1.72) compared to middle school, learning achievement was higher in middle (OR=1.09) and lower (OR=1.31) compared to high, economic status was higher in lower (OR=1.09) compared to high, sealant experience (OR=1.10) and scaling experiences (OR=1.12) responded no were higher compared to responded yes, smoking experiences responded yes(OR=1.08) were higher compared to responded no, sweet drink (OR=1.14) and fastfood (OR=1.13) consumption were higher in consumption compared to non-consumption and females (OR=0.46) were higher than males. Oral symptoms experience were lower that father and mother's level of education were under high school graduation (OR=0.86) compared to unknown, economic status was in case of middle (OR=0.93) compared to high, tooth brushing was lower in under 1 time (OR=0.76), 2 times (OR=0.61) compared to more than 3 times, vigorous physical activities responded no (OR=0.75) were lower, compared to yes, vegetable consumption was lower in non-consumption (OR=0.68) compared to consumption. Conclusions: Subjective oral symptoms experiences were identified higher in obesity adolescents than non-obesity adolescents. It would be useful to use the results of this study to reduce oral symptoms and necessary to develop a program system considering characteristics of obesity adolescents.
In this paper, the effects of parental neglect and abuse on school adjustment mediated by social withdrawal in adolescents were examined using a sample of 2,163 second grade middle school students(1,096 boys and 1,067 girls) from the Korean Child and Youth Panel Survey(KCYPS) data set. All research variables were measured using self-reported questionnaires. They were analyzed by means of Structural Equation Modeling. The results indicated that parents' abuse had no direct effect, but there was an indirect effect on adolescents' school adjustment mediated by adolescents' social withdrawal. Parental neglect had a direct effect on adolescents' school adjustment and also had an indirect effect on adolescents' school adjustment mediated by social withdrawal. The results indicate that parental neglect is a more significant contributor than adolescents' social withdrawal on adolescents' school adjustment. The results of this study show that parenting attitude, more specifically parental neglect, tend to be more important factors on school adjustment compared to adolescents' psychological problems, such as social withdrawal in adolescence. Taken together, these findings suggest that interventions aimed at improving parental neglect and adolescents' social withdrawal need to be emphasized if adolescents are to better adjust to school life.
Purpose : This study examined the factors related to sexual intercourse among adolescents in South Korea. Methods : The study sample was comprised of 65,528 middle and high school students aged 12 to 18 years in 2016. For this study, using the data from the 12th Korea youth risk behavior web-based survey, a chi-squared test, and hierarchical logistic regression analysis we reconducted with the SPSS 22.0 program considering personal, family, school, and regional characteristics. Results : The proportion of adolescents who had sexual intercourse was 6.0 % of boys and 2.7 % of girls, and 6.3 % of high school students and 2.4 % of middle school students. The statistically significant related factors of sexual intercourse were gender, grade, attempted suicide, ever drinking, ever smoking, habitual or purposeful drug use, weekly allowance, and coed school in the final model 4. Adolescents with suicide attempts had 2.49 times more sexual intercourse than adolescents with no experience of suicide attempts. Compared to adolescents without alcohol, smoking, and habitual drug use, those who have experienced alcohol, smoking, habitual or purposeful drug use were 2.22 times, 3.76 times, and 3.39 times more likely to have had sexual intercourse, respectively. Adolescents with a weekly allowance of more than 100,000 won per week and adolescents in coed schools were 2.84 times and 1.40 times more likely to have had sexual intercourse, respectively. Conclusion : Multi-level interventions should be considered in school sexual education programs while considering the substantiality of sex education and the actual adolescents' needs. In addition, sexual health interventions in cyberspace for high-risk groups may be needed to consider the emotional and mental characteristics, given the factors related to sexual intercourse in adolescents.
Purpose: Internet addiction is a newly recognized problem in the adolescents. The purpose of this study was to identify and analyze the educational needs for Internet addiction in middle school students of Korea. Method: The subjects of this study were 450 middle school students. The data were collected from open and structured questionnaire about the educational needs for Internet addiction. Result: As a result of content analysis of educational needs for Internet addiction, 9 domains and 19 themes were categorized from 542 statements. 9 Domains are : Definition, Etiology, Status, Process, Diagnosis, Influence, Coping and Prevention of Internet Addiction and General Information of Internet Use. These results were revealed that middle school students had comprehensive education needs for Internet Addiction. Also, there were the difference of need contents and frequency between school boy and girl students. Most of students had high educational needs for Internet addiction based on school health care program. Conclusion: It would be necessary to develop on Internet addiction prevention program for adolescents concerning these findings. In the future, there should be study to identify the psychological characteristics of adolescent associated with Internet addiction.
The purpose of this study was to determine the differences in internet use motivations and problem behaviors among vocational high school students according to internet addiction and family system type. Five hundred vocational high school students from Daegu took part in the survey. The questionnaire survey consisted of an internet addiction self-assessment scale, a family system type scale, an internet use motivation scale, and a problem behavior scale. The data was analysed using MANOVA and Cronbach a, and the $Scheff\acute{e}$ test was used for post-hoc analysis. The major findings of this study were as follows: First, the study found significant differences in adolescent internet use motivation according to internet addiction. Adolescents in the high dangerous user group showed higher communicative, experiential, and addictive motivations than adolescents in potentially dangerous and normal user groups. Also, there were no significant differences in informative motivation according to internet addiction. Regardless of internet addiction, adolescents tend to use the internet to search for information and to solve problems. Second, there were significant differences in adolescents' problem behaviors according to internet addiction. More specifically, adolescents who were in the high dangerous user group displayed more problem behaviors toward their body, family, school, and society than adolescents in the potentially dangerous and the normal user groups. Third, an adolescent's family system type significantly influenced his/her internet use motivation. Adolescents from an extreme family showed higher communicative and addictive motivations than adolescents from middle and balanced families. Fourth, there were significant differences in the problem behaviors of adolescents according to family system types. Adolescents from an extreme family showed more problem behaviors toward their body, family, school, and society than adolescents from middle and balanced families.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Association between the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) and obesity is universally a controversial issue. This study was undertaken to examine the beverage consumption pattern of Korean adolescents. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Data was collected from the 2016 Korea Youth Risk Behavior Survey involving 65,528 adolescent respondents. A list of the most frequently consumed beverages was analyzed, and the consumption frequency of carbonated beverages, SSBs, and energy drinks during the past seven-days was assessed. The main reasons for the adolescents to consume the beverages were also determined. RESULTS: The beverage preference of adolescents were carbonated beverages (31.0%), 'fruit and vegetable beverages (17.7%)', 'milk (13.6%)', and 'coffee (12.7%)'. Carbonated beverages and SSBs were consumed more than three times a week by 27.1% and 41.1% of the respondents, respectively. About 86.2% of adolescents did not take of any energy drinks during the last seven-days. Taste was the most common reason that adolescents considered when choosing a drink. Carbonated beverages consumed more frequently by boys than girls, and high school students drank coffee more frequently than middle school students. CONCLUSIONS: Boys had a higher preference for unhealthy beverages than girls, whereas consumption of high-caffeine drinks was greater amongst high-school students than middle school students.
This study investigated differences in the level of delinquent behaviors depending on family structures among adolescents. The subjects were 552 middle and high school students living in Seoul and Incheon, of whom 247 were being raised by single-parents and 305 by non-divorced parents. All respondents answered by self-report questionnaire. Data were analyzed by t-test, Scheffe test, ANOVA and two-way ANOVA. The major findings were as follows. First, the level of adolescents' delinquent behaviors differed by sex and age. High school students tended to be more engaged in violence and status delinquent behaviors than middle school students. Male students were more likely to engage in social, sex and properly delinquent behaviors than female students. Second, there were differences in the level of delinquent behaviors depending on family structures among the adolescents. Mostly, adolescents with non-divorced parents were less delinquent than those with a single parent. Third, among the adolescents from a divorced family, then whose parents had been divorced for 1-2 years had the highest score in sex and property delinquent behaviors.
본 웹사이트에 게시된 이메일 주소가 전자우편 수집 프로그램이나
그 밖의 기술적 장치를 이용하여 무단으로 수집되는 것을 거부하며,
이를 위반시 정보통신망법에 의해 형사 처벌됨을 유념하시기 바랍니다.
[게시일 2004년 10월 1일]
이용약관
제 1 장 총칙
제 1 조 (목적)
이 이용약관은 KoreaScience 홈페이지(이하 “당 사이트”)에서 제공하는 인터넷 서비스(이하 '서비스')의 가입조건 및 이용에 관한 제반 사항과 기타 필요한 사항을 구체적으로 규정함을 목적으로 합니다.
제 2 조 (용어의 정의)
① "이용자"라 함은 당 사이트에 접속하여 이 약관에 따라 당 사이트가 제공하는 서비스를 받는 회원 및 비회원을
말합니다.
② "회원"이라 함은 서비스를 이용하기 위하여 당 사이트에 개인정보를 제공하여 아이디(ID)와 비밀번호를 부여
받은 자를 말합니다.
③ "회원 아이디(ID)"라 함은 회원의 식별 및 서비스 이용을 위하여 자신이 선정한 문자 및 숫자의 조합을
말합니다.
④ "비밀번호(패스워드)"라 함은 회원이 자신의 비밀보호를 위하여 선정한 문자 및 숫자의 조합을 말합니다.
제 3 조 (이용약관의 효력 및 변경)
① 이 약관은 당 사이트에 게시하거나 기타의 방법으로 회원에게 공지함으로써 효력이 발생합니다.
② 당 사이트는 이 약관을 개정할 경우에 적용일자 및 개정사유를 명시하여 현행 약관과 함께 당 사이트의
초기화면에 그 적용일자 7일 이전부터 적용일자 전일까지 공지합니다. 다만, 회원에게 불리하게 약관내용을
변경하는 경우에는 최소한 30일 이상의 사전 유예기간을 두고 공지합니다. 이 경우 당 사이트는 개정 전
내용과 개정 후 내용을 명확하게 비교하여 이용자가 알기 쉽도록 표시합니다.
제 4 조(약관 외 준칙)
① 이 약관은 당 사이트가 제공하는 서비스에 관한 이용안내와 함께 적용됩니다.
② 이 약관에 명시되지 아니한 사항은 관계법령의 규정이 적용됩니다.
제 2 장 이용계약의 체결
제 5 조 (이용계약의 성립 등)
① 이용계약은 이용고객이 당 사이트가 정한 약관에 「동의합니다」를 선택하고, 당 사이트가 정한
온라인신청양식을 작성하여 서비스 이용을 신청한 후, 당 사이트가 이를 승낙함으로써 성립합니다.
② 제1항의 승낙은 당 사이트가 제공하는 과학기술정보검색, 맞춤정보, 서지정보 등 다른 서비스의 이용승낙을
포함합니다.
제 6 조 (회원가입)
서비스를 이용하고자 하는 고객은 당 사이트에서 정한 회원가입양식에 개인정보를 기재하여 가입을 하여야 합니다.
제 7 조 (개인정보의 보호 및 사용)
당 사이트는 관계법령이 정하는 바에 따라 회원 등록정보를 포함한 회원의 개인정보를 보호하기 위해 노력합니다. 회원 개인정보의 보호 및 사용에 대해서는 관련법령 및 당 사이트의 개인정보 보호정책이 적용됩니다.
제 8 조 (이용 신청의 승낙과 제한)
① 당 사이트는 제6조의 규정에 의한 이용신청고객에 대하여 서비스 이용을 승낙합니다.
② 당 사이트는 아래사항에 해당하는 경우에 대해서 승낙하지 아니 합니다.
- 이용계약 신청서의 내용을 허위로 기재한 경우
- 기타 규정한 제반사항을 위반하며 신청하는 경우
제 9 조 (회원 ID 부여 및 변경 등)
① 당 사이트는 이용고객에 대하여 약관에 정하는 바에 따라 자신이 선정한 회원 ID를 부여합니다.
② 회원 ID는 원칙적으로 변경이 불가하며 부득이한 사유로 인하여 변경 하고자 하는 경우에는 해당 ID를
해지하고 재가입해야 합니다.
③ 기타 회원 개인정보 관리 및 변경 등에 관한 사항은 서비스별 안내에 정하는 바에 의합니다.
제 3 장 계약 당사자의 의무
제 10 조 (KISTI의 의무)
① 당 사이트는 이용고객이 희망한 서비스 제공 개시일에 특별한 사정이 없는 한 서비스를 이용할 수 있도록
하여야 합니다.
② 당 사이트는 개인정보 보호를 위해 보안시스템을 구축하며 개인정보 보호정책을 공시하고 준수합니다.
③ 당 사이트는 회원으로부터 제기되는 의견이나 불만이 정당하다고 객관적으로 인정될 경우에는 적절한 절차를
거쳐 즉시 처리하여야 합니다. 다만, 즉시 처리가 곤란한 경우는 회원에게 그 사유와 처리일정을 통보하여야
합니다.
제 11 조 (회원의 의무)
① 이용자는 회원가입 신청 또는 회원정보 변경 시 실명으로 모든 사항을 사실에 근거하여 작성하여야 하며,
허위 또는 타인의 정보를 등록할 경우 일체의 권리를 주장할 수 없습니다.
② 당 사이트가 관계법령 및 개인정보 보호정책에 의거하여 그 책임을 지는 경우를 제외하고 회원에게 부여된
ID의 비밀번호 관리소홀, 부정사용에 의하여 발생하는 모든 결과에 대한 책임은 회원에게 있습니다.
③ 회원은 당 사이트 및 제 3자의 지적 재산권을 침해해서는 안 됩니다.
제 4 장 서비스의 이용
제 12 조 (서비스 이용 시간)
① 서비스 이용은 당 사이트의 업무상 또는 기술상 특별한 지장이 없는 한 연중무휴, 1일 24시간 운영을
원칙으로 합니다. 단, 당 사이트는 시스템 정기점검, 증설 및 교체를 위해 당 사이트가 정한 날이나 시간에
서비스를 일시 중단할 수 있으며, 예정되어 있는 작업으로 인한 서비스 일시중단은 당 사이트 홈페이지를
통해 사전에 공지합니다.
② 당 사이트는 서비스를 특정범위로 분할하여 각 범위별로 이용가능시간을 별도로 지정할 수 있습니다. 다만
이 경우 그 내용을 공지합니다.
제 13 조 (홈페이지 저작권)
① NDSL에서 제공하는 모든 저작물의 저작권은 원저작자에게 있으며, KISTI는 복제/배포/전송권을 확보하고
있습니다.
② NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 상업적 및 기타 영리목적으로 복제/배포/전송할 경우 사전에 KISTI의 허락을
받아야 합니다.
③ NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 보도, 비평, 교육, 연구 등을 위하여 정당한 범위 안에서 공정한 관행에
합치되게 인용할 수 있습니다.
④ NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 무단 복제, 전송, 배포 기타 저작권법에 위반되는 방법으로 이용할 경우
저작권법 제136조에 따라 5년 이하의 징역 또는 5천만 원 이하의 벌금에 처해질 수 있습니다.
제 14 조 (유료서비스)
① 당 사이트 및 협력기관이 정한 유료서비스(원문복사 등)는 별도로 정해진 바에 따르며, 변경사항은 시행 전에
당 사이트 홈페이지를 통하여 회원에게 공지합니다.
② 유료서비스를 이용하려는 회원은 정해진 요금체계에 따라 요금을 납부해야 합니다.
제 5 장 계약 해지 및 이용 제한
제 15 조 (계약 해지)
회원이 이용계약을 해지하고자 하는 때에는 [가입해지] 메뉴를 이용해 직접 해지해야 합니다.
제 16 조 (서비스 이용제한)
① 당 사이트는 회원이 서비스 이용내용에 있어서 본 약관 제 11조 내용을 위반하거나, 다음 각 호에 해당하는
경우 서비스 이용을 제한할 수 있습니다.
- 2년 이상 서비스를 이용한 적이 없는 경우
- 기타 정상적인 서비스 운영에 방해가 될 경우
② 상기 이용제한 규정에 따라 서비스를 이용하는 회원에게 서비스 이용에 대하여 별도 공지 없이 서비스 이용의
일시정지, 이용계약 해지 할 수 있습니다.
제 17 조 (전자우편주소 수집 금지)
회원은 전자우편주소 추출기 등을 이용하여 전자우편주소를 수집 또는 제3자에게 제공할 수 없습니다.
제 6 장 손해배상 및 기타사항
제 18 조 (손해배상)
당 사이트는 무료로 제공되는 서비스와 관련하여 회원에게 어떠한 손해가 발생하더라도 당 사이트가 고의 또는 과실로 인한 손해발생을 제외하고는 이에 대하여 책임을 부담하지 아니합니다.
제 19 조 (관할 법원)
서비스 이용으로 발생한 분쟁에 대해 소송이 제기되는 경우 민사 소송법상의 관할 법원에 제기합니다.
[부 칙]
1. (시행일) 이 약관은 2016년 9월 5일부터 적용되며, 종전 약관은 본 약관으로 대체되며, 개정된 약관의 적용일 이전 가입자도 개정된 약관의 적용을 받습니다.