• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.233-238
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• 2002

The seasonal occurrence trends of the brown-winged green bug, Plautia stali, and the brown malmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys, were monitored in sweet persimmon orchards in southern region of Korea using light traps (in 2000 and 2001), and aggregation pheromone traps (methyl (E, E, Z)-2 ,4, 6-decatrienoate)) of P. stali (in 2001). Light trap data showed that H. halys started to occur from the end of June, and reached its peak in early or mid August, while P. stali was mostly attracted to the traps from mid July to late August without any distinct attraction peak. Both species did not occur after September in the persimmon orchards studied. The attraction patterns of both species to aggregation pheromone traps were different from those observed in light traps. Both species were attracted to the pheromone traps from mid May to late August. The peak occurrence of H. halys could not be detected due to low catches. However, the period of peak attraction for P. stali was from late June to late August depending on the geographical locations. The aggregation pheromone traps of P. stali attracted more number of P stali than H. hails, but the light traps showed a reverse pattern. In both species, more females were attracted to the aggregation pheromone traps than males. The difference of attraction patterns between 2 types of traps was discussed in relation to content of soluble tannin in persimmon fruits.

• Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.250-254
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• 2023

In this study, Li₂O-BaO-Ga₂O₃-TeO₂-TiO₂-GeO₂ glasses with high transmittance in mid-infrared region and high refractive indices were successfully synthesized. The relationship between glass properties and glass composition was analyzed. In Li₂O-BaO-Ga₂O₃-TeO₂-TiO₂-GeO₂ glass system, as increasing TeO₂ concentration, the refractive index increases and the glass transition temperature decreases. In addition, as increasing BaO concentration, the refractive index increases without decrease of Abbe number. The IR-cut off wavelength shifted to the longer wavelength with increasing TeO₂ and BaO contents due to their large molecular weight. The glass transition temperature significantly decreases when BaO was replaced with Li₂O.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.31-36
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• 2001

A cDNA clone encoding the ribosomal protein S20 has been isolated from the Schizosaccharomyces pombe cDNA library by colony hybridization. The insert contained in the original plasmid pYJ10 was transferred intro shuttle vector pRS316 generate plasmid pYJll. The dDNA insert of plasmid pYJll, contains 484 nucleotides and encodes a protein of 118 amino acids with a calculated mass of 13,544 daltons. The deduced amino acid sequence of S. pombe ribosomal protein S20 is very homologous with fruit fly, rat, and budding yeast counterparts. It is also homologous with Xenopus S22 ribosomal protein. S. pombe ribosomal protein S20 appears to be relatively hydruphobic except the C-terminal region. The 728 bp upstream region of the S20 gene was amplified from chromosomal DNA and transferred into the BamHI/EcoRI site of the promoterles $\beta$-galactosidase gene of the vector YEp357R, which resulted in fusion plasmid pYS20. The synthesis of $\beta$-galactosidase from the fusion plasmid appeared to be the highest in the mid-exponential phase. The S. pombe cells with the fusion plasmid grown at 35$\^{C}$ gave lower $\beta$-galactosidase activity than the cells grown at 30$\^{C}$. Computer analysis showed the consensus sequence CAGTCACA in the upstream regions of various ribosomal protein genes in S. pombe, which would be involved in the coordinated expression of small ribosomal proteins.

• Publications of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.157-161
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• 2017

The dusty torus of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGNs) is one of the important components for the unification theory of AGNs. The geometry and properties of the dusty torus are key factors in understanding the nature of AGNs as well as the formation and evolution of AGNs. However, they are still under discussion. Infrared observation is useful for understanding the dusty torus as thermal emission from hot dust with the dust sublimation temperature (~ 1500 K) has been observed in the infrared. We have analyzed infrared spectroscopic data of low-redshift and high-redshift quasars, which are luminous AGNs. For the low-redshift quasars, we constructed the spectral energy distributions (SEDs) with AKARI near-infrared and Spitzer mid-infrared spectra and decomposed the SEDs into a power-law component from the nuclei, silicate features, and blackbody components with different temperatures from the dusty torus. From the decomposition, the temperature of the innermost dusty torus shows the range between 900-2000 K. For the high-redshift quasars, AKARI traced rest-frame optical and near-infrared spectra of AGNs. Combining with WISE data, we have found that the temperature of the innermost dusty torus in high redshift quasars is lower than that in typical quasars. The hydrogen $H{\alpha}$ emission line from the braod emission line region in the quasars also shows narrow full width at half maximum of $3000-4000km\;s^{-1}$. These results indicate that the dusty torus and the broad emission line region are more extended than those of typical quasars.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.16 no.12
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• pp.1841-1848
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• 2006

Insights into gene expression have the potential for improvement of antibiotic yield and the development of robust production hosts for use in recombinant biomolecule production. $Cubicin^{TM}$ (daptomycin for injection) is a recently approved antibiotic active against many Gram(+) pathogens, including those resistant to methicillin, vancomycin, and fluoroquinolones. Daptomycin is produced as a secondary metabolite by Streptomyces roseosporus. A 128 kb region of DNA including the daptomycin biosynthetic gene cluster (dpt) has been cloned. and sequenced. Using a selected array of nucleic acid probes representing this region, we compared the expression levels of the dpt genes between S. roseosporus wild-type (WT) and derived S. roseosporus high-producer of daptomycin (HP). We observed that the majority of the biosynthetic genes were upregulated in HP compared with WT; a total of 12 genes, including those encoding daptomycin synthetase, showed consistently and significantly higher expression levels, at least 5-fold, in HP compared with WT. In contrast, some genes, flanking the dpt cluster, were expressed at higher levels in the WT strain. The expression of housekeeping genes such as S. roseosporus rpsL, rpsG, and 16S (positive controls) and presumptive intergenic regions in the dpt cluster (negative control) were identical in the two strains. In addition, we compared transcription during the early, mid-log, and early-stationary phases of growth in the HP strain. The same set of genes was upregulated and downregulated under all conditions examined; housekeeping genes showed no relative change in expression level over the periods of growth tested. Analyses of this type would be of value in studies of strain improvement and also for the identification of gene regulation processes that are important for secondary metabolite production.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.323-335
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• 1992

In this paper, an adaptive cosine transform coding scheme which incorporate human visual properties into the coding scheme is investigated. Human vision is relatively sensitive to mid-frequency band, and insensitive to very low and very high frequency band. These property was mathematically modelled with MTF(Modulation Transfer Function) through many psychovisual experiment. DCT transforms energy in spatial domain into frequency domain, so can exploit the MTF very efficiently. Another well-known visual characteristics is spatial masking effect that visibility of noise is less in regions of high activity than in regions of low activity. Proposed coding scheme imploys quantization matrix which represent the properties of these spatial frequency response of human vision, and adaptively quality of an image. To compute the activity index of an image block, simple operation is performed in spatial domain, and according to activity index. block of low activity region is more exactly quantized relatively than that of high activity region. Results showed that, at low bit rate, the subjective quality of the reconstructed images by proposed coding scheme is acceptible than that of coding scheme without HVS properties.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.7-15
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• 2003

This study used FEM(Finite Element method) based on micro-CT images to see the effects of occlusal force distribution with varying bone density and structure. the mandibular premolar region from human cadaver, thickness of 10mm was imaged using micro-CT. the cross sectional images were taken every $10{\mu}m$. these were reconstructed and the longitudinal image at the mid point of mesiodistal of the speciman was obtained for the specimen for the FEM. The stress disribution produced by a vertical force at 100N and 100N horizontal were analyzed by MSC Nastran FEM Package. according to the result of this study the occlusal force distribution depends on the structure of cancellus bone and for further information on the occlusal force distribution on the tooth and the surrounding structure requires further studies on cancellus bone structure. CEJ of all model show the highest peak and region whice meet teeth and bone show second high peak. Original model and cortical bone add model show different stress distribution. Stress distribution changed according to bone structures and densities.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.11 no.12
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• pp.6054-6068
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• 2017

In this paper, we defined the relative cross-sectional area of forearm cortical bone and investigated its correlation with hip bone mineral density values of total femur, femoral neck, femoral trochanter, femoral inter-trochanter and femoral ward's triangle, respectively. Based on the correlations, we established a linear transformation between the relative cross-sectional area of forearm cortical bone and each hip bone BMD. We obtained forearm images using CBCT and hip bone BMDs using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) for 28 subjects. We also investigated the optimal forearm region to provide the strongest correlation coefficient. We used the optimized forearm region to establish each linear transformation to estimate BMD values for total femur, femoral neck, femoral trochanter, femoral inter-trochanter and femoral ward's triangle from the relative cross-sectional area of forearm cortical bone, respectively. We observed the strong correlations with total femur (r=0.889), femoral neck (r=0.924), femoral trochanter (r=0.821), femoral inter-trochanter (r=0.867) and femoral ward's triangle (r=0.895), respectively. The strongest correlation was observed in the forearm mid-shaft regions. Our results suggest that the hip bone BMD values can be simply estimated from forearm CBCT images in a convenient sitting position without X-ray exposure on a hip including genital organs, and may be useful for screening osteoporosis.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.73-92
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• 2012

This study mainly inquired characteristics and changes of 'Chang-aelgool' through 38 cases(with 161 Ssang-chang) of annex and pavillion buildings in Yeong-nam region which are built during the Chosun dynasty. The method of inquiry included actual survey of windows along with bibliographical research, and the results are as below. First, through the discovery of the term 'Chang-aelgool' as an indication of the window-forming frame in 'YeongGeonUiGwe'(1680 A.D), it is apparent that the term 'Chang-aelgool' was widely used in Korea from the late 17th century. Second, the 'Chang-aelgool' of study objects are classified into 4 categories. Type I and II are comprised of mitre-joints which cover the 4 corners of 'Chang-aelgool' and mainly used in building annex and pavillion buildings during the early period of the Chosun dynasty. Type III was widely used during the early and middle period of the Chosun dynasty and drastically dropped in number during the late period of the dynasty. Type IV is comprised of mitre-joint of the upper-half, tenon-jointing of the lower-half and widely used in annex and pavillion building during the late period of the Chosun dynasty. Third, the form of 'Chang-aelgool' has changed from rectangular form with longer width during the early period of Chosun dynasty to square form during the middle period and eventually ended up as a rectangular form with longer height during the late period of the dynasty. Fourth, it is considered that while mullion which is located in the center of 'Chang-aelgool' was mainly used around the main floored room during the early period of the Chosun dynasty, became commonly used in main floored room and 'ondol' rooms during the middle period and drastically dropped in number from then and ended up being not in use after the mid 18th century.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.113-122
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• 2013

On July 2004, the brand new CASBEE for construction (Brief version) has completed while trying to highlight and improve major items adequate for each region's characteristics in Japan; at the same time, from the start of NAGOYA CITY (operated since April 2004) to the point of May 2011, it has been mandatory for specified size buildings in 23 regions by law. Evaluation sheet of CASBEE is published on each region's home page and various genre of information on building evaluation which is scheduled to be completed by 2016 and is for 5-6 years of quantity is accumulated until October 2012. It is good study resource to verify how new buildings being evaluated are closely match with CASBEE's original purport (eco-friendly, energy efficiency, publicity etc). Particularly, for Japan's multi-family housing where small sized mid to high level single housing type is majority in city, it is an important point that improved performance on eco-friendly buildings have more value in city rather than suburb. Categorized score through evaluation is a resource to confirm the latest trend of multi-family housing built in congested city; on the other hand, demand of the time can be recognized by the score focused on category. It is meaningful resource to determine the adequacy of evaluated items and the degree of reality.