• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
• /
• 제30권4호
• /
• pp.344-351
• /
• 2005

본 연구는 법랑소주의 말단과 측면에 대한 3단계, 2단계 및 단일 단계 접착제의 미세전단 결합강도를 상호 비교하였다. 발거된 상$\cdot$하악 대구치를 근, 원심 방향으로 1mm 두께가 되도록 절단하였다. 시편 중 협면과 설면 중앙부의 최 외층을 법랑소주의 말단이 노출된 시편으로 이용하였고, 내측에서 얻어진 시편을 법랑소주의 측면이 노출된 시편으로 이용하였다. 사용된 접착제에 따라 4개의 군 (1군 All-Bond 2, 2군: Single Bond, 3군: Tyrian SPE/One-Step Plus, 4군: Adper Prompt L-Pop)으로 분류하였다. 각 군당 법랑소주의 말단과 측면이 노출된 시편을 각각 7개씩 선택하여 각각의 접착제와 Tygon tube를 이용하여 복합레진을 접착한 후, universal testing machine에서 분당 1 mm의 crosshead speed의 전단하중을 가하여 미세전단 결합강도를 측정하였다. 각 군의 미세전단 결합강도를 통계학적으로 분석하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1 법랑소주 말단에 대한 미세전단 결합강도는 2군과 4군이 1군과 3군보다 통계학적으로 높게 나타났다 (p<0.05) 2. 법랑소주 측면에 대한 미세전단 결합강도는 2군은 1군, 3군, 4군보다 그리고 4군은 1군보다 통계학적으로 높게 나타났다 (p<0.05). 3. 모든 군에서 법랑소주 말단에 대한 미세전단 결합강도는 법랑소주 측면에 대한 결합강도보다 통계학적으로 높게 나타났다 (p<0.05).

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
• /
• 제44권2호
• /
• pp.13.1-13.9
• /
• 2019

Objectives: This study evaluated the effect of dentin pretreatment with silver nanoparticles (SNPs) and chlorhexidine (CHX) on the microshear bond strength (${\mu}SBS$) durability of different adhesives to dentin. Materials and Methods: Occlusal surfaces of 120 human molars were ground to expose flat dentin surfaces. The specimens were randomly assigned to six groups (n = 20). Three groups (A, B, and C) were bonded with Adper Single Bond 2 (SB) and the other groups (D, E, and F) were bonded with Clearfil SE Bond (SEB). Dentin was pretreated with CHX in groups B and E, and with SNPs in groups C and F. The specimens were restored with Z250 composite. Half of the bonded surfaces in each group underwent ${\mu}SBS$ testing after 24 hours and the other half was tested after 6 months of water storage. Results: SNP application was associated with a higher ${\mu}SBS$ than was observed in the CHX and control groups for SEB after 24 hours (p < 0.05). A significantly lower ${\mu}SBS$ was observed when no dentin pretreatment was applied compared to dentin pretreatment with CHX and SNPs for SB after 24 hours (p < 0.05). The ${\mu}SBS$ values of the 6-month specimens were significantly lower than those obtained from the 24-hour specimens for all groups (p < 0.05). This decrease was much more pronounced when both adhesives were used without any dentin pretreatment (p < 0.05). Conclusions: SNPs and CHX reduced the degradation of resin-dentin bonds over a 6-month period for both adhesive systems.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
• /
• 제47권2호
• /
• pp.21.1-21.11
• /
• 2022

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the bonding effects of cleaning protocols on dentin impregnated with endodontic sealer residues using ethanol (E) or xylol (X). The effects of dentin acid etching immediately (I) or 7 days (P) after cleaning were also evaluated. For bonding to dentin, universal adhesive (Scotchbond Universal; 3M ESPE) was used. The persistence of sealer residues, hybrid layer formation and microshear bond strength were the performed analysis. Materials and Methods: One hundred and twenty bovine dentin specimens were allocated into 4 groups (n = 10): G1 (E+I); G2 (X+I); G3 (E+P); and G4 (X+P). The persistence of sealer residues was evaluated by SEM. Confocal laser scanning microscopy images were taken to measure the formed hybrid layer using the Image J program. For microshear bond strength, 4 resin composite cylinders were placed over the dentin after the cleaning protocols. ANOVA followed by Tukey test and Kruskal-Wallis followed by Dunn test were used for parametric and non-parametric data, respectively (α = 5%). Results: G2 and G4 groups showed a lower persistence of residues (p < 0.05) and thicker hybrid layer than the other groups (p < 0.05). No bond strength differences among all groups were observed (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Dentin cleaning using xylol, regardless of the time-point of acid etching, provided lower persistence of residues over the surface and thicker hybrid layer. However, the bond strength of the universal adhesive system in etch-and-rinse strategy was not influenced by the cleaning protocols or time-point of acid etching.

• 대한치과보존학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한치과보존학회 2008년도 Spring Scientific Meeting(the 129th) of Korean Academy if Conservative Dentistry
• /
• pp.224-234
• /
• 2008

이 연구의 목적은 6종의 자가부식 프라이머 접착시스템에서 제조사에서 추천한 프라이머 적용시간과 2배의 프라이머 적용시간에 따른 법랑질에 대한 미세전단 결합강도와 전자현미경적 소견을 비교하기 위하여 시행하였다. 이 연구의 결과 법랑질에 대한 자가부식 프라이머 접착제의 결합강도는 제조사에서 추천한 프라이머의 적용시간보다 프라이머의 적용시간을 2배 증가시킨 경우 높게 나타났으며, 특히 pH가 높은 프라이머를 사용하였을 때 통계학적으로 높은 결합강도를 나타내었다. 이는 법랑질에서 pH가 높은 프라이머를 사용할 경우, 제조사에서 추천한 시간보다 더 긴 시간동안 적용하는 것이 결합강도를 증가시킬 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
• /
• 제33권3호
• /
• pp.224-234
• /
• 2008

이 연구의 목적은 6종의 자가부식 프라이머 접착시스템에서 제조사에서 추천한 프라이머 적용시간과 2배의 프라이머 적용시간에 따른 법랑질에 대한 미세전단 결합강도와 전자현미경적 소견을 비교하기 위하여 시행하였다. 이 연구의 결과 법랑질에 대한 자가부식 프라이머 접착제의 결합강도는 제조사에서 추천한 프라이머의 적용시간보다 프라이머의 적용시간을 2배 증가시킨 경우 높게 나타났으며, 특히 pH가 높은 프라이머를 사용하였을 때 통계학적으로 높은 결합강도를 나타내었다. 이는 법랑질에서 pH가 높은 프라이머를 사용할 경우, 제조사에서 추천한 시간보다 더 긴 시간동안 적용하는 것이 결합강도를 증가시킬 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
• /
• 제35권1호
• /
• pp.13-19
• /
• 2010

이 연구는 다이몬드 포인트와 카바이드 버 및 SiC paper로 삭제한 상아질에 대한 자가부식 프라이머 접착제의 결합강도를 비교하고, 실험실에서 사용하는 SiC paper와 유사한 결합강도를 나타내는 회전용 삭제기구를 알아보기 위하여 시행하였다. 56개의 발거된 대구치 치관의 교합면 상아질을 노출시켜 1.2 mm의 두께의 시편을 제작한 후 8개의 군으로 분류하였다. 1군은 standard diamond point (TF-12), 2군은 fine diamond point (TF-12F). 3군은 extrafine diamond point (TF-12EF), 4군은 cross-cut carbide bur (no. 557), 5군은 plain-cut carbide bur (no. 245), 6군은 P 120-grade SiC paper, 7군은 P 220-grade SiC paper, 8군은 P 800-grade SiC paper를 사용하여 각 시편의 상아질 표면을 약 0.2 mm정도 삭제하였다. 상아질 표면에 Clearfil SE Primer와 Bond를 적용하고 Tygon tube를 이용하여 Clearfil AP-X를 충전하고 40초간 광조사 하였다. 제작된 시편은 만능시험기를 이용하여 를 미세전단 결합강도는 측정한 후, 각 군의 결합강도를 one-way ANOVA와 Tukey검정을 이용하여 분석하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 자가부식 프라이머 접착제 사용 시 상아질에 대한 개선된 접착을 위해서는 초미세입자 다이아몬드 포인트의 사용이 추천되며, 실험실적인 연구에서 P 220-grade SiC paper의 사용은 미세입자 다이아몬드 포인트나 카바이드 버로 삭제한 상아질 면과 유사한 결합강도를 나타내었다.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
• /
• 제44권3호
• /
• pp.23.1-23.9
• /
• 2019

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the microshear bond strength (${\mu}SBS$) of different universal adhesive systems applied to hybrid computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) restorative materials repaired with a composite resin. Materials and Methods: Four types of CAD-CAM hybrid block materials-Lava Ultimate (LA), Vita Enamic (VE), CeraSmart (CS), and Shofu Block HC (SH)-were used in this study, in combination with the following four adhesive protocols: 1) control: porcelain primer + total etch adhesive (CO), 2) Single Bond Universal (SB), 3) All Bond Universal (AB), and 4) Clearfil Universal Bond (CU). The ${\mu}SBS$ of the composite resin (Clearfil Majesty Esthetic) was measured and the data were analyzed using two-way analysis of variance and the Tukey test, with the level of significance set at p < 0.05. Results: The CAD-CAM block type and block-adhesive combination had significant effects on the bond strength values (p < 0.05). Significant differences were found between the following pairs of groups: VE/CO and VE/AB, CS/CO and CS/AB, VE/CU and CS/CU, and VE/AB and CS/AB (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The ${\mu}SBS$ values were affected by hybrid block type. All tested universal adhesive treatments can be used as an alternative to the control treatment for repair, except the AB system on VE blocks (the VE/AB group). The ${\mu}SBS$ values showed variation across different adhesive treatments on different hybrid CAD-CAM block types.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
• /
• 제13권4호
• /
• pp.237-245
• /
• 2021

PURPOSE. This study aimed to compare the microshear bond strength (µSBS) of dual-cure resin cement in CAD-CAM zirconia after different cleaning techniques. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Fifty discs of zirconia-based ceramic from Ivoclar Vivadent were embedded in acrylic resin. The discs were divided into five groups according to the cleaning methods used: Group 1: drying with spraying + sandblasting with Al₂O₃; Group 2: washed with water and dried with spraying + sandblasting with Al₂O₃;Group 3: washed with distilled water and dried with spraying + sandblasting with Al₂O₃ + zirconium oxide (Ivoclean); Group 4: washed with distilled water and dried with spraying + sandblasting with Al₂O₃ + potassium hydroxide (Zirclean); and Group 5: washed with distilled water and dried with spraying + sandblasting with Al₂O₃ + 1% NaClO. All of the groups were contaminated with artificial saliva for 1 minute and then cleaned. Statistical analyses were performed using ANOVA and Tukey's tests. RESULTS. There were statistically significant differences among all groups for µSBS (P < .05). The group treated with zirconium oxide (Group 3) showed the highest µSBS (18.75 ± 0.23 MPa). CONCLUSION. When applied to zirconia, the cleaning methods affected the bonding with resin cement differently.

• 대한치과보철학회지
• /
• 제42권6호
• /
• pp.654-663
• /
• 2004

Statement of problem. According to the fracture pattern in several reports, fractures most frequently occur in the interface between the ceromer and the substructure. Purpose. The aim of this in vitro study was to compare the macro shear bond strength and microshear bond strength of a ceromer bonded to a fiber reinforced composite (FRC) as well as metal alloys. Material and methods. Ten of the following substructures, type II gold alloy, Co-Cr alloy, Ni-Cr alloy, and FRC (Vectris) substructures with a 12 mm in diameter, were imbedded in acrylic resin and ground with 400, and 1, 000-grit sandpaper. The metal primer and wetting agent were applied to the sandblasted bonding area of the metal specimens and the FRC specimens, respectively. The ceromer was placed onto a 6 mm diameter and 3 mm height mold in the macro-shear test and 1 mm diameter and 2 mm height mold in the micro-shear test, and then polymerized. The macro- and micro-shear bond strength were measured using a universal testing machine and a micro-shear tester, respectively. The macro- and micro-shear strength were analyzed with ANOVA and a post-hoc Scheffe adjustment ($\alpha$ = .05). The fracture surfaces of the crowns were then examined by scanning electron microscopy to determine the mode of failure. Chi-square test was used to identify the differences in the failure mode. Results. The macro-shear strength and the micro-shear strength differed significantly with the types of substructure (P<.001). Although the ceromer/FRC group showed the highest macroand micro-shear strength, the micro-shear strength was not significantly different from that of the base metal alloy groups. The base metal alloy substructure groups showed the lowest mean macro-shear strength. However, the gold alloy substructure group exhibited the least micro-shear strength. The micro-shear strength was higher than the macro-shear strength excluding the gold alloy substructure group. Adhesive failure was most frequent type of fracture in the ceromer specimens bonded to the gold alloys. Cohesive failure at the ceromer layer was more common in the base metals and FRC substructures. Conclusion. The Vectris substructure had higher shear strength than the other substructures. Although the shear strength of the ceromer bonded to the base metals was lower than that of the gold alloy, the micro-shear strength of the base metals were superior to that of the gold alloy.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
• /
• 제30권4호
• /
• pp.283-293
• /
• 2005

본 연구는 합착 술식에 따른 레진 합착제의 상아질에 대한 미세전단결합강도를 비교 연구하여 이중 접착 술식의 유용성을 평가하고자 시행되었다. 합착 술식은 전통 합착 술식과 이중 접착 술식, 임시 합착제는 Propac과 Freegenol, 상아질 접착제는 All-Bond 2, One-Step, Clearfil SE Bond를 사용하였다. 이중 접착 술식을 적용한 군에서만 상아질 접착제 처리 후, 모든 시편에 임시 합착제를 도포하였다. 이후 임시 합착제를 제거하고 상아질 접착제 적용 후 유리봉에 레진 합착제를 도포하여 상아질 면에 접착하였다. 미세전단결합 강도를 측정하고 접착 계면을 주사전자현미경으로 관찰하였다. 1. 전통 합착 술식이 이중 접착 술식보다 높은 미세전단결합강도를 보였으나 통계학적 유의 차가 없었다. 2. Freegenol이 Propac보다 높은 미세전단결합강도를 보였으나 유의차가 없었다. 3. 미세전단결합강도는 이중 접착 술식 을 적용한 경우 Clearfil SE Bond가 One-step, All-Bond 2보다 유의성 있게 높았으나(p<0.05) One-step, All-Bond 2 간 유의차는 없었다. 4. 전자현미경 소견에서 All-Bond 2와 One-Step을 사용한 군은 길고 수많은 resin tag가 관찰되었다. 본 연구 결과 전통 합착 술식과 비교하여 이중 접착 술식의 우수함을 확인하지 못하였다.