• 제목/요약/키워드: MicroRNA-1

검색결과 276건 처리시간 0.027초

Expression of PACT and EIF2C2, Implicated in RNAi and MicroRNA Pathways, in Various Human Cell Lines

  • Lee, Yong-Sun;Jeon, Yesu;Park, Jong-Hoon;Hwang, Deog-Su;Dutta, Anindya
    • Animal cells and systems
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    • 제8권3호
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    • pp.213-220
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    • 2004
  • MicroRNA and siRNA (small interfering RNA), representative members of small RNA, exert their effects on target gene expression through association with protein complexes called miRNP (microRNA associated ribonucleoproteins) and RISC (RNA induced silencing complex), respectively. Although the protein complexes are yet to be fully characterized, human EIF2C2 protein has been identified as a component of both miRNP and RISC. In this report, we raised antiserum against EIF2C2 in order to begin understanding the protein complexes. An immunoblot result indicates that EIF2C2 protein is ubiquitously expressed in a variety of cell lines from human and mouse. EIF2C2 protein exists in both cellular compartments, as indicated by an immunoblot assay with a nuclear extract and a cytosolic fraction (S100 fraction) from HeLa S3 lysate. Depletion of EIF2C1 or EIF2C2 protein resulted in a decrease of microRNA, suggesting a possible role of these proteins in microRNA stability or biogenesis. We also prepared antiserum against dsRNA binding protein PACT, whose homologs in C. elegans and Drosophila are known to have a role in the RNAi (RNA interference) pathway. The expression of PACT protein was also observed in a wide range of cell lines.

Non-canonical targets play an important role in microRNA stability control mechanisms

  • Park, June Hyun;Shin, Chanseok
    • BMB Reports
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    • 제50권4호
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    • pp.158-159
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    • 2017
  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate gene expression by guiding the Argonaute (Ago)-containing RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) to specific target mRNA molecules. It is well established that miRNAs are stabilized by Ago proteins, but the molecular features that trigger miRNA destabilization from Ago proteins remain largely unknown. To explore the molecular mechanisms of how targets affect the stability of miRNAs in human Ago (hAgo) proteins, we employed an in vitro system that consisted of a minimal hAgo2-RISC in HEK293T cell lysates. Surprisingly, we found that miRNAs are drastically destabilized by binding to seedless, non-canonical targets. We showed that miRNAs are destabilized at their 3' ends during this process, which is largely attributed to the conformational flexibility of the L1-PAZ domain. Based on these results, we propose that non-canonical targets may play an important regulatory role in controlling the stability of miRNAs, instead of being regulated by miRNAs.

Ginsenoside Rh2 upregulates long noncoding RNA STXBP5-AS1 to sponge microRNA-4425 in suppressing breast cancer cell proliferation

  • Park, Jae Eun;Kim, Hyeon Woo;Yun, Sung Hwan;Kim, Sun Jung
    • Journal of Ginseng Research
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    • 제45권6호
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    • pp.754-762
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    • 2021
  • Background: Ginsenoside Rh2, a major saponin derivative in ginseng extract, is recognized for its anti-cancer activities. Compared to coding genes, studies on long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) that are regulated by Rh2 in cancer cells, especially on competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) are sparse. Methods: LncRNAs whose promoter DNA methylation level was significantly altered by Rh2 were screened from methylation array data. The effect of STXBP5-AS1, miR-4425, and RNF217 on the proliferation and apoptosis of MCF-7 breast cancer cells was monitored in the presence of Rh2 after deregulating the corresponding gene. The ceRNA relationship between STXBP5-AS1 and miR-4425 was examined by measuring the luciferase activity of a recombinant luciferase/STXBP5-AS1 plasmid construct in the presence of mimic miR-4425. Results: Inhibition of STXBP5-AS1 decreased apoptosis but stimulated growth of the MCF-7 cells, suggesting tumor-suppressive activity of the lncRNA. MiR-4425 was identified to have a binding site on STXBP5-AS1 and proven to be downregulated by STXBP5-AS1 as well as by Rh2. In contrast to STXBP5-AS1, miR-4425 showed pro-proliferation activity by inducing a decrease in apoptosis but increased growth of the MCF-7 cells. MiR-4425 decreased luciferase activity from the luciferase/STXBP5-AS1 construct by 26%. Screening the target genes of miR-4425 and Rh2 revealed that Rh2, STXBP5-AS1, and miR-4425 consistently regulated tumor suppressor RNF217 at both the RNA and protein level. Conclusion: LncRNA STXBP5-AS1 is upregulated by Rh2 via promoter hypomethylation and acts as a ceRNA, sponging the oncogenic miR-4425. Therefore, Rh2 controls the STXBP5-AS1/miR-4425/RNF217 axis to suppress breast cancer cell growth.

지방세포에서 microRNA-145에 의한 Cathepsin D의 발현 제어 (Repression of Cathepsin D Expression in Adipocytes by MicroRNA-145)

  • 김현지;배인선;서강석;김상훈
    • 생명과학회지
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    • 제24권7호
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    • pp.798-803
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    • 2014
  • Cathepsin D (CtsD)는 아스파르트산 단백질 분해효소로서 cytochrome C의 방출을 유도하여 apoptosis 기전을 활성화시킨다. 본 연구에서는 3T3-L1 지방전구세포에서 CtsD 발현 조절에 관여하는 microRNA에 대해 조사하였다. 먼저 지방전구세포 사멸시 CtsD 발현 변화를 관찰하기 위하여 DNA damage agent인 doxorubicin을 3T3-L1 세포주에 노출시켜 CtsD 발현이 증가함을 확인하였다. 또한 지방전구세포주에서 CtsD가 과발현되면 세포 생존율이 감소하였다. miRanda program을 이용하여 CtsD 유전자를 표적으로 하는 microRNA를 탐색하여 miR-145를 선발하였다. Luciferase reporter assay에 의해 miR-145가 CtsD 유전자의 3' UTR 부위에 결합하여 luciferase 활성을 감소시킴을 관찰하였다. 3T3-L1 세포주에 miR-145 mimic을 도입한 결과 CtsD mRNA 발현과 단백질 수준이 감소하였다. 또한 세포주에 doxorubicin을 처리한 결과 CtsD 유전자 발현 증가와 상반되게 miR-145 발현이 감소하였다. 이외에도 miR-145 inhibitor을 세포에 도입하면 세포 생존율이 감소하였다. 이러한 결과는 지방전구세포의 세포사멸에 CtsD가 관여할 수 있으며, miR-145에 의해 CtsD 발현이 직접 조절되고 있음을 나타낸다. 따라서, 지방전구세포의 사멸을 유도하기 위해서는 miR-145 발현 제어가 주요한 표적이 될 수 있을 것으로 생각된다. 본 연구결과는 향후 비만 예방 및 치료를 위한 지방세포 사멸기전 규명에 중요한 기초 자료를 제공할 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

B 세포에서 Epstein-Barr virus microRNA들의 전사 및 성숙 (Biosenesis of Epstein-Barr Virus MicroRNAs in B Cells)

  • 김도년;오상택;이재면;이원근;이숙경
    • 생명과학회지
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    • 제15권6호
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    • pp.909-915
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    • 2005
  • 우리는 바이러스로는 최초로 miRNA를 생성한다고 보고된 Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)를 대상으로 EBV miRNA biogenesis를 연구했다. 먼저 EVB에 감염된 B 세포인 B95-8로부터 보고된 5 종의 EBV miRNA들인 BHRF1-1, BHRF1-2, BHRF1-3, BART1, 및 BART2 모두가 발현됨을 확인하였다. 그 다음 성숙된 EBV miRNA 서열로부터 예측되는 pri- 와 pre-miRNA들이 B95-8에서 각각 검출되어 EBV miRNA들도 이미 알려진 동물세포 miRNA와 유사한 생성 및 성숙과정을 거칠 가능성을 확인하였다 게놈 상에 2~7개씩 밀집하여 존재하는 동물세포 miRNA들과 유사하게 EBV 게놈의 2부 위에 밀집해서 존재하는 EBV miRNA들도 polycistronic하게 발현되는지 조사한 결과 B95-8에서 BHRF1-1, BHRF1-2 및 BHRF1-3를 포함하는 1,602 뉴클레오타이드의 긴 전사체가 RT-PCR로 확인되었다. 반면 BART1과 BART2는 mono cistronic하게 전사될 가능성이 확인되었다. 본 연구를 통하여 EBV miRNA들도 동물세포 miRNA들과 유사하게 poly cistronic 하게 발현될 수 있으며 pri-와 pre-miRNA 과정을 거쳐 성숙된 miRNA로 생성될 가능성을 확인하였다.

Evaluation and Characterization of Milk-derived Microvescicle Isolated from Bovine Colostrum

  • Maburutse, Brighton E.;Park, Mi-Ri;Oh, Sangnam;Kim, Younghoon
    • 한국축산식품학회지
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    • 제37권5호
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    • pp.654-662
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    • 2017
  • Extracellular microvesicles are membranous nano-sized cellular organelles secreted by a variety of cells under normal and pathological conditions and heterogeneous in size ranging from 30 nm to $1{\mu}m$. They carry functional microRNAs that can influence immunity and development. For a particular application of microvesicles, choice of isolation method is particularly important; however, their isolation methods from colostrum in particular have not been described clearly. In this work, differential ultracentrifugation as a conventional method, ultracentrifugation with some modification such as additional precipitations, ultrafiltration, sucrose gradient separation and ExoQuick$^{TM}$ as a commercial reagent were compared. The goal was to compare mainly microvesicular total microRNA yield, distribution and purity among the methods then select the best isolation method for bovine colostrum microvesicles based largely on microRNA yield with the view of applying the vesicles in work where vesicular microRNA cargo is the target bioactive component. Highest yields for vesicular microRNA were obtained using conventional methods and among them, subsequent ultracentrifugation with 100,000 g and 135,000 g conventional method 2 was selected as it had the highest RNA to protein ratio indicating that it pelleted the least protein in relation to RNA an important factor for in vivo applications to assess microvesicle functionalities without risk of contaminating non-vesicular biomaterial. Microvesicles isolated using conventional method 2 were successfully internalized by cells in vitro showing their potential to deliver their cargo into cells in vitro and in vivo in case of functional studies.

Stool-based MicroRNA for Early Diagnosis of Colorectal Cancer

  • Ji Hye Choi;Young-Seok Cho
    • Journal of Digestive Cancer Research
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    • 제1권2호
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    • pp.95-99
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    • 2013
  • MicroRNA (miRNA) dysregulations are associated with various types of human cancers, and miRNAs can function as tumor suppressors and oncogenes. Emerging evidence has shown that miRNA pathway is also altered during colorectal tumorigenesis. The detection of cancer-related miRNAs in stool samples may become useful diagnostic marker for colorectal cancer, because miRNAs in stool samples has high stability, and maintains a high portion of its original level. Recent studies reported that stool-based miRNAs can offer more sensitivity and specificity than currently used stool-based screening methods for CRC. In addition, unlike fecal occult blood test, sampling on consecutive dates and special dietary restrictions are not required. In this review, the authors discuss stool-based miRNA for the early diagnosis of CRC and perspectives on future application.

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Candida albicans의 마이크로RNA 동정과 분석 (Identification and analysis of microRNAs in Candida albicans)

  • 조진현;이헌진
    • 생명과학회지
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    • 제27권12호
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    • pp.1494-1499
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    • 2017
  • Candida albicans에 의한 구강 감염(캔디다증)은 구강 점막에 빈번하게 발생하며 잘 알려진 질병이다. 구강 캔디다증은 생명을 위협하는 정도의 곰팡이 감염증은 아니나, 특정상황에서 개인에게 심각한 위험을 초래할 수도 있다. 마이크로 RNA는 세포 내에서 다른 타겟 유전자를 저해하는 작은 크기의 RNA 분자이며 단백질을 코딩하지는 않고 번역과정을 억제하는 조절자로서의 역할을 하고 있다. 본 연구는 C. albicans의 마이크로RNA를 처음으로 동정하고 그러한 마이크로RNA가 지닌 기능을 조사하기 위함이다. 이를 위하여 C. albicans의 small RNA를 차세대 염기분석법을 통하여 분석하고 그러한 RNA들의 2차 구조를 생물정보학적 방법으로 조사하였다. 분석한 small RNA들은 마이크로 RNA라고 불리울 수 있는 특징들을 가지고 있었으며, 특별히 높게 발현되고 있는 두개의 마이크로 RNA 정도 크기의 RNA가 CBP1 유전자의 3' 말단 비번역구역(UTR)에서 반대방향으로 발현하는 것을 밝혀 내었다. 우리는 이러한 C. albicans의 RNA가 CBP1 유전자를 타겟으로 하여 조절하는지 알아보기 위해 RNA를 인위적으로 합성한 후 세포 내로 주입하고, 형광형미경으로 도입 사실을 확인하였다. 하지만 4시간과 8시간 후에 CBP1의 발현 변화는 관찰되지 않았다. 따라서, 이러한 결과는 C. albicans가 마이크로RNA에 의한 RNA 간섭(RNAi) 작용이 다른 진핵세포와는 다르게 작용하는 것을 알 수 있다.

지방분화시 PPARγ에 의한 microRNA-17의 발현 조절 (Transcriptional Regulation of MicroRNA-17 by PPARγ in Adipogenesis)

  • 배인선;김현지;정기용;최인호;김상훈
    • 생명과학회지
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    • 제24권3호
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    • pp.323-328
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    • 2014
  • MicroRNA는 21~25개의 뉴클레오티드로 이루어진 단일 염기가닥의 RNA로 지방분화를 포함한 세포내 여러 생리학적 기전에 영향을 미친다. MicroRNA-17 (miR-17)은 지방전구세포의 지방분화를 촉진하고, 세포 내 지방을 축적시킨다. 그렇지만, 지방분화시 miR-17 전사조절 기전은 알려진 것이 없다. 본 연구에서는 $PPAR{\gamma}$ 전사인자가 miR-17의 전사를 조절하는지 여부를 조사하였다. 먼저 지방전구세포의 분화를 유도한 다음 $PPAR{\gamma}$와 miR-17의 발현을 조사한 결과 두 유전자 모두 분화 이후 발현이 증가하였다. 또한 miR-17 프로모터 부위에는 $PPAR{\gamma}$ 반응하는 부위(PPRE)가 세 군데 발견되었다. Chromatin immunoprecipitation과 luciferase assay을 실시한 결과, miR-17 프로모터의 PPRE3 (-677/-655) 부위가 $PPAR{\gamma}$와 직접 결합함을 관찰하였다. 이러한 연구 결과는 3T3-L1 세포주에서 $PPAR{\gamma}$가 miR-17의 전사를 활성화 시키고 있음을 나타낸다. 향후 $PPAR{\gamma}$에 의한 표적 microRNA을 대량 발굴한다면 비만과 관련한 $PPAR{\gamma}$의 기능을 보다 구체적으로 파악하는데 중요한 정보를 제공할 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

Cytoprotective effect exerted by geraniin in HepG2 cells is through microRNA mediated regulation of BACH-1 and HO-1

  • Aayadi, Hoda;Mittal, Smriti P.K.;Deshpande, Anjali;Gore, Makarand;Ghaskadbi, Saroj S.
    • BMB Reports
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    • 제50권11호
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    • pp.560-565
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    • 2017
  • Geraniin, a hydrolysable tannin, used in traditional medicine in Southeast Asia, is known to exhibit various biological activities. As an antioxidant it is known to up-regulate phase II enzyme Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). However its mechanism is not clearly understood. Nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2 related factor 2 (Nrf-2) is transcriptionally up-regulated by Extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 and retained in nucleus due to inactivated Glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta ($GSK-3{\beta}$). Geraniin additionally down-regulates expression of microRNA 217 and 377 (miR-217 and miR-377) which target HO-1 mRNA. Expression of BTB and CNC homolog 1 (BACH-1), another regulator of HO-1, is also down-regulated by up-regulating microRNA 98 (miR-98), a negative regulator of BACH-1. Thus, geraniin up-regulates HO-1 expression both through activating its positive regulator Nrf-2 and by down-regulating its negative regulator BACH-1. Up-regulation of HO-1 also confers protection to HepG2 cells from tertiary butyl hydroperoxide (TBH) induced cytotoxicity.