• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.69-78
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• 2017

Objectives : This study aims to analyze the public investment for Korean Medicine R&D to facilitate the future strategic planning. Methods : All government supported research projects for Korean Medicine that were invested in 2009, 2012, 2015 were searched in the NTIS (National Science & Technology Information Service) Database. Research budgets were analyzed by government departments, R&D agents, R&D steps, and research fields. CAGR (Compound Annual Growth Rate) was derived from each Korean Medicine research field. Differences of research budgets among research fields were tested using Chi square analysis. Results : A total of 891 projects supported in 2009, 2012, and 2015 was analyzed. The amount of research budgets has increased, from 49,839 million won in 2009 to 106,536 million won in 2015 showing 13.5% of CAGR. Ministry of Science, ICT, and Future Planning, and Ministry of Health and Welfare were the biggest sponsors in Korean Medicine R&D. Chi square analysis showed that, in this period, there were statistically significant differences of research budgets in Korean Medicine technology equipment field and infrastructure field. Conclusions : To diversify the Korean Medicine R&D, unequal research funding among government departments should be relieved, and virtuous cycle of Industry-University-Institute Collaboration in Korean Medicine need to be built.

• 융합정보논문지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.127-136
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• 2018

본 연구는 G, J 지역의 치위생(학)과 학생들을 대상으로 임상실습만족도에 영향을 미치는 요인을 조사하기 위해 시행되었다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS 21.0 프로그램을 이용하여 t-검정, 일원분산분석을 사용하였고, 상관관계는 피어슨 상관계수로 임상실습만족도에 영향을 미치는 요인은 다중회귀분석을 사용하였다. 대상자의 일반적인 특성에 따른 임상실습만족도의 차이는 건강상태(F=8.108, p<.001), 학과만족도(F=16.372, p<.001), 교우관계(F=8.198, p<.001)에서 통계적으로 유의하게 나타났다. 대상자의 교우관계와 학업성적(r=.277, p=.01), 건강상태와 교우관계에서도 정적상관관계(r=.327, p=.01)를 보였다. 또한 임상실습만족도와 학업성적(r=.127, p=.05), 건강상태(r=.226, p=.01), 교우관계(r=.240, p=.01)에서도 상관관계를 나타내었다. 본 연구 대상자의 임상실습만족도에 영향을 미치는 요인은 교우관계, 학과 만족도, 건강상태로 나타났고, 본 연구결과를 통하여 치위생(학)과 학생들을 대상으로 임상실습만족도를 향상시킬 수 있는 프로그램 개발이 필요하다.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.53-58
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• 2012

Objective : Obesity is often defined as a condition associated with accumulations of excessive body fats which resulting from disorder of energy balance in term of energy intake and energy expenditure. Methods : The effects of natural mixture (T) for inhibition of lipid metabolism on the liver, epididymal fat pads and pancreatic zymogen granules of high fat diet (HFD) supplied rats were observed by histopathology and histomorphometry. Results : As results of HFD supply, severe steatohepatitis such as increases of mean diameters of hepatocytes and the percentages regions of fatty changes was detected. In addition, hypertrophy of adipocytes (increase of mean diameters of epididymal fat pads) was also detected with dramatic decreases of pancreatic zymogen granules at histopathological and histomorphometrical observations. However, theses steatohepatitis and hypertrophy of adipocytes induced by HFD supply were inhibited by treatment of 5 % and 10 % T (T5, T10), respectively. Well corresponded as the results of adipocyte hypertrophy and steatohepatitis, the decreases of pancreatic zymogen granules were also dose-dependently inhibited by T treatment as compared with HFD control, respectively. Conclusion : In conclusion, based on the results, it is considered that test materials, T5 and T10, will be showed hepatoprotective and anti-obese effects, may be directly and/or indirectly mediated by pancreatic zymogen granules because they dose-dependently inhibited steatohepatitis, hypertrophy of adipocytes and decreases of pancreatic zymogen granules induced by HFD supply, respectively.

• 중환자간호학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.24-34
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• 2019

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to identify the moderating and mediating effects of resilience in the relationship between emotional labor and job satisfaction among nurses working in intensive care units (ICUs). Method : The participants were 144 ICU nurses from three university hospitals. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and analyzed by t-test, ANOVA, $Scheff{\acute{e}}$ test, Pearson correlation coefficients, and multiple regression analysis, using SPSS 25.0. The mediating effect of resilience in the relationship between emotional labor and job satisfaction was analyzed by multiple regression analysis according to Baron and Kenny's procedure. Results : Statistically significant negative correlations were found between emotional labor and resilience (r=-.21, p<.014) and between emotional labor and job satisfaction (r=-.34, p<.001). A significant positive correlation was found between resilience and job satisfaction (r=.31 p<.001). A partial mediating effect by resilience was found between emotional labor and job satisfaction (Z=-2.11, p=.034), but no moderating effect was found. Conclusion : To improve the job satisfaction of ICU nurses, evaluation of their emotional labor, resilience, and interventions are necessary to alleviate emotional labor and improve resilience.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.21-29
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• 2014

Follicular helper T ($T_{FH}$) cells are recently highlighted as their crucial role for humoral immunity to infection as well as their abnormal control to induce autoimmune disease. During an infection, na$\ddot{i}$ve T cells are differentiating into $T_{FH}$ cells which mediate memory B cells and long-lived plasma cells in germinal center (GC). $T_{FH}$ cells are characterized by their expression of master regulator, Bcl-6, and chemokine receptor, CXCR5, which are essential for the migration of T cells into the B cell follicle. Within the follicle, crosstalk occurs between B cells and $T_{FH}$ cells, leading to class switch recombination and affinity maturation. Various signaling molecules, including cytokines, surface molecules, and transcription factors are involved in $T_{FH}$ cell differentiation. IL-6 and IL-21 cytokine-mediated STAT signaling pathways, including STAT1 and STAT3, are crucial for inducing Bcl-6 expression and $T_{FH}$ cell differentiation. $T_{FH}$ cells express important surface molecules such as ICOS, PD-1, IL-21, BTLA, SAP and CD40L for mediating the interaction between T and B cells. Recently, two types of microRNA (miRNA) were found to be involved in the regulation of $T_{FH}$ cells. The miR-17-92 cluster induces Bcl-6 and $T_{FH}$ cell differentiation, whereas miR-10a negatively regulates Bcl-6 expression in T cells. In addition, follicular regulatory T ($T_{FR}$) cells are studied as thymus-derived $CXCR5^+PD-1^+Foxp3^+\;T_{reg}$ cells that play a significant role in limiting the GC response. Regulation of $T_{FH}$ cell differentiation and the GC reaction via miRNA and $T_{FR}$ cells could be important regulatory mechanisms for maintaining immune tolerance and preventing autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Here, we review recent studies on the various factors that affect $T_{FH}$ cell differentiation, and the role of $T_{FH}$ cells in autoimmune diseases.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제21권8호
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• pp.205-214
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• 2020

본 연구의 목적은 고객불량 행동, 직무소진, 긍정심리자본이 간호사의 직무착근도에 미치는 영향을 파악하기 위함이다. 자료수집은 2개 광역시에 소재한 종합병원 3곳에 근무하는 간호사 198명을 대상으로 구조화된 설문지를 이용하여 2019년 7월 1일부터 7월 31일까지 실시하였다. 자료분석 방법은 SPSS 21.0 통계프로그램을 이용하여 t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe' test, Pearson's correlation coefficients 및 Multiple regression으로 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 고객불량 행동은 직무소진과 유의한 정적 상관관계(r=.24, p=<.001), 긍정심리자본(r=-.37, p=<.001), 직무착근도(r=-.48, p=<.001)와는 유의한 부적 상관관계가 있었고, 직무소진은 긍정심리자본(r=-.44, p=<.001), 직무착근도(r=-.31, p=<.001)와 유의한 부적 상관간계, 긍정심리자본은 직무착근도(r=.49, p=<.001)와 유의한 정적 상관관계가 있었다. 회귀분석 결과, 직무착근도에 유의한 영향을 미치는 요인은 개인적 특성 중 직위(β=-.19, p=.001)와 독립변인 중고객불량 행동(β=-.34, p<.001), 긍정심리자본(β=.32, p=.004)이었고, 이들 변인은 직무착근도를 38% 설명하는 것으로 확인되었다. 본 연구결과를 기반으로 간호사의 직무착근도를 높이기 위해서는 고객불량 행동을 근절하고 관리하기 위한 전략을 개발하고, 긍정심리자본을 강화하고 발전시킬 수 있는 다양한 프로그램 개발이 필요하다.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.141-147
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• 2016

We evaluated the antioxidant activity and melanogenic effects of black soybean ethanol extracts, including Rhynchosia nulubilis bean ethanol extract (RNBEE), R. nulubilis leaf ethanol extract (RNLEE), R. volubilis bean ethanol extract (RVBEE), and R. volubilis leaf ethanol extract (RVLEE). The total polyphenol contents of RNBEE, RNLEE, RVBEE, and RVLEE were 16.0, 57.7, 365.9, and 260.1 mg/g, respectively. The total flavonoid contents of RNBEE, RNLEE, RVBEE, and RVLEE were 40.4, 91.7, 84.7, and 216.5 mg/g, respectively. The electron-donating abilities of RNBEE, RNLEE, RVBEE, and RVLEE at $1,000{\mu}g/mL$ were 32.4%, 12.7%, 83.5%, and 84.5%, respectively. RNBEE, RNLEE, RVBEE, and RVLEE at $50{\mu}g/mL$ significantly increased (p < 0.01) melanin contents by 30.4%, 32.1%, 35.5%, and 37.4%, respectively, compared to that of the control. RNBEE, RNLEE, RVBEE, and RVLEE at $50{\mu}g/mL$ significantly increased (p < 0.01) intracellular tyrosinase activity by 18.4%, 21.8%, 21.5%, and 21.1%, respectively, compared to that of the control. These results demonstrated that black soybean ethanol extracts promote melanogenesis in melan-a cells. Among the black soybean ethanol extracts, R. volubilis was found to be more effective than R. nulubilis, and leaf extract was found to be more effective than bean extract. The potential mechanism underlying the hyperpigmentation effects of black soybeans is the promotion of tyrosinase activity.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.913-915
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• 2005

The three new lignans 1-3 were isolated from the methanol extracts of the flower buds of Magnolia fargesii. They were elucidated as (7S,8R)-1-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-O-(2-methoxy-4-omegahydroxypropylphenyl) propane-1,3-diol, (7S,8S)-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-O-(6-hydroxy-2-methoxy-4-omegahydroxypropylphenyl) propane-1,3-diol, and [tetrahydro-4-hydroxy-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)furan-3-yl]methyl 3,4-dimethoxy benzoate by spectral analysis.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.255-263
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• 2007

복합레진 수복은 치아우식 및 치아우식 예방치료를 위한 대표적인 술식으로 소아치과 영역에서 널리 시행되고 있으며 불소도포는 치아우식 예방을 위한 대표적인 술식으로 1년에 2번 장도 실시되고 있다. 하지만 이러한 이점에도 불구하고 Acidulated phosphate fluoride(APF)가 복합 레진의 표면을 거칠게 한다는 부작용에 대한 논란이 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 불소도포가 복합레진의 표면에 미치는 영향을 평가하기 위해 시판용 레진인 Solitaire $2^{(R)}$(Heraeus Kulzer, Germany), Metafil $CX^{(R)}$(Sun medical, Japan), Composan $LCM^{(R)}$(Promedica, Germany), $Charmseal^{(R)}$(DenKist, Korea)을 이용하여 시편을 제작하고, 불소젤은 $Topex^{(R)}$(Sultan Dental Products, Canada)를 각각 1분과 4분동안 도포시킨 후 변화를 관찰하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 불소젤을 도포시키지 않은 대조군에서 가장 평활한 표면을 보였으며 1분군, 4분군 순으로 표면 거칠기가 증가하였다. 그리고 Composan $LCM^{(R)}$을 제외한 모든 제품에서 유의한 차이를 보였다(p<0.05). 2. 국소도포용 불소젤을 도포한 각 레진 시편의 무게 차이를 비교한 결과 대조군, 1분군, 4분군 간에 유의한 차이는 없었다(p>0.05). 3. 주사전자현미경 관찰시 불소젤을 도포시킨 실험군은 대조군에 비해 거친 표면을 나타내었다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제21권10호
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• pp.668-678
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• 2021

본 연구는 간호사의 임상수행능력에 영향을 미치는 요인을 규명하기 위한 서술적 상관관계 연구이다. 2021년 3월 24일부터 4월 27일까지 G시와 J도 소재의 종합병원 간호사 170명을 대상으로 구조화된 자가보고형 설문지로 조사하였다. 간호사의 임상수행능력은 연령, 결혼상태, 학력에 따라 차이가 있었다. 임상수행능력은 간호전문직관(r=.600, p<.001), 비판적 사고성향(r=.568, p<.001), 의사소통능력(r=.658, p<.001), 간호근무환경(r=.353, p<.001)과 양의 상관관계를 나타냈다. 간호사의 임상수행능력의 영향요인은 의사소통능력, 간호전문직관, 비판적 사고성향, 연령으로 나타났고, 이들 설명력은 54.0%였다. 임상간호사의 임상수행능력을 향상시키기 위해서는 의사소통능력과 간호전문직관, 비판적 사고성향을 향상시킬 수 있도록 지속적인 교육과 훈련이 필요하고 간호사들이 간호실무에 장기간 근무할 수 있도록 기관 및 국가적 차원의 방안마련이 요구된다.