• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers A
• /
• v.48 no.8
• /
• pp.972-979
• /
• 1999

QFT(Quantitative Feedback Theory) is a very practical design technique that emphasizes the use of feedback for achieving the desired system performance tolerances in despite of plant uncertainty and disturbance. The fundamental concept of QFT is a loop shaping procedure that a suitable controller can be found by shaping a nominal loop transfer function. The loop shaping synthesis involves the identification of a structure and the specialization of parameter optimization of a desired system. This paper presents an improved loop shaping approach of QFT with model validation using GA(Genetic Algorithm). The method presented in this paper removes the problems of iterative operation, transformation error, and model validation in the conventional methods without consideration of frequency domain.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
• /
• v.46 no.2
• /
• pp.106-111
• /
• 2001

The applicability of near infrared reflectance spectroscopy(NIRS) was tested to determine the protein and oil contents in ground soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] seeds. A total of 189 soybean calibration samples and 103 validation samples were used for NIRS equation development and validation, respectively. In the NIRS equation of protein, the most accurate equation was obtained at 2, 8, 6, 1(2nd derivative, 8 nm gap, 6 points smoothing and 1 point second smoothing) math treatment condition with SNV-D (Standard Normal Variate and Detrend) scatter correction method and entire spectrum by using MPLS (Modified Partial Least Squares) regression. In the case of oil, the best equation was obtained at 1, 4, 4, 1 condition with SNV-D scatter correction method and near infrared (1100-2500nm) region by using MPLS regression. Validation of these NIRS equations showed very low bias (protein:-0.016%, oil : -0.011 %) and standard error of prediction (SEP, protein: 0.437%, oil: 0.377%) and very high coefficient of determination ($R^2$, protein: 0.985, oil : 0.965). Therefore, these NIRS equation seems reliable for determining the protein and oil content, and NIRS method could be used as a mass screening method of soybean seed.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
• /
• v.26 no.1
• /
• pp.103-110
• /
• 2011

Objective : For the standardization and quality control of eleutheroside E in Eleutherococcus species, HPLC analysis was performed and eleutherosdie E content was compared in 23 kinds of Eleutherococcus species collected from Korea and China. Methods : The content of eleutheroside E in stem bark of Eleutherococcus species collected from Korea and China were analyzed by HPLC. 0.5% phosphoric acid and acetonitrile was used as mobile solvent. Validation of HPLC analysis method was confirmed by analyzing specificity, linearity, precision and accuracy following ICH guideline. Results : Content of eleutheroside E was determined to be 1.0-1.6% and 0.5-0.8% in Korean and Chinese E. senticosus, respectively. Content of eleutheroside E in E. sessiliflorus was 0.7-1.1% and 0.2-0.4% respectively in Korean and Chinese origin. All calibration curves showed good linear regression. The method showed good precision and accuracy with intra-day and inter-day variations of 0.880-3.442% (RSD) and 0.606-3.328% (RSD), respectively, and average recovery was of 0.141-1.363% (RSD), for the eleutheroside E analyzed. Conclusion : These results might be used to establish a criterion of eleutheroside E in Eleutherococcus species.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
• /
• v.43 no.6
• /
• pp.949-960
• /
• 2023

This research aimed to validate a high-performance liquid chromatography method for the quantitative determination of bixin and norbixin in various foods. The Diode Array Detector (495 nm) technique was used. Method was validated for specificity, linearity, limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantification (LOQ), precision, and accuracy, and the measurement uncertainty was assessed. The calibration curve showed excellent linearity (r²≥0.9999) over the tested concentration range of 0.2-25 mg/L. The LOD and LOQ were 0.03-0.11 and 0.02-0.05 mg/L for bixin and norbixin, respectively. The intra-and inter-day accuracies and precisions were 88.0±1.3-97.0±0.5% and 0.2%-2.6% relative SD (RSD) for bixin and 88.2±0.8-105.8±0.8% and 0.3%-2.7% RSD for norbixin, respectively. Inter-laboratory validation for accuracy and precision was conducted in three laboratories, and these results all met the AOAC guidelines. In addition, the relative expanded uncertainty (<22%) satisfied the CODEX recommendation. Furthermore, products distributed in Korea were monitored for annatto extracts using the proposed method to demonstrate its application. The developed analytical method is reliable for quantifying bixin and norbixin in various foods.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
• /
• v.39 no.3
• /
• pp.50-59
• /
• 2024

In recent years, building architecture has become increasingly complex and larger in scale to accommodate many people. In densely populated facilities, the interiors are becoming more intricate and high-rise, with narrow corridors, hallways, and stairs. This poses challenges for evacuating occupants in case of emergencies such as fires, making it crucial to assess the evacuation safety in advance. In evacuation safety research, there are significant limitations to theoretical studies owing to their association with crowd behavior and human evacuation characteristics, as well as the risks associated with experiments involving human participants. Consequently, evacuation experiments conducted using simulation-based methodologies are gaining recognition worldwide. However, crowd simulations face validation difficulties because of variations in crowd movement and evacuation characteristics across different cases and scenarios, as well as the challenge of accurately reflecting human characteristics during evacuations. In this study, we investigated validation methods for evacuation simulations using the SAFEGUARD validation data set (SGVDS) provided by the University of Greenwich, UK. The SGVDS collects data on crowd evacuations through actual evacuation tests conducted on ColorLine's large RO-PAX ferry and Royal Caribbean International's cruise ships. The accuracy of the crowd simulations can be validated by comparing SGVDS and crowd simulation results. This study will contribute to the development of highly accurate crowd simulations by verifying various crowd simulations.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
• /
• v.17 no.5
• /
• pp.43-49
• /
• 2016

This paper presents a workflow validation method for data-intensive graphical workflow models using real-time workflow tracing mode on data-intensive workflow designer. In order to model and validate workflows, we try to divide as modes have editable mode and tracing mode on data-intensive workflow designer. We could design data-intensive workflow using drag and drop in editable-mode, otherwise we could not design but view and trace workflow model in tracing mode. We would like to focus on tracing-mode for workflow validation, and describe how to use workflow tracing on data-intensive workflow model designer. Especially, it is support data centered operation about control logics and exchange variables on workflow runtime for workflow tracing.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
• /
• v.22 no.2
• /
• pp.81-86
• /
• 2014

In this paper, we states the verification and validation methodology for the modular system of A-SMGCS which defined in the ICAO Manual on Advanced Surface Movement Guidance and Control Systems. Such systems aim to maintain the declared surface movement rate under all weather conditions while maintaining the required level of safety. With the complete concept of an A-SMGCS, air traffic controllers, vehicle drivers, flight crews, and are assisted with surface operations in terms of surveillance, control, routing/planning and guidance tasks. A-SMGCS verification and validation for the development of Real Time Simulation, shadow mode trials, operational trials are conducted through three methods. In this study, the characteristics and the need for such a verification method was examined.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
• /
• v.1 no.2
• /
• pp.207-218
• /
• 1994

A validation of the nursing diagnosis 'fluid volume deficit' was completed by using the diagnostic content validity method. Articles pertaining to fluid volume depletion were reviewed to identify the signs and symptoms used to describe the nursing diagnosis. The topics addressed in the articles included hypovolemic shock, hemorrhage, trauma, fluid balance, hydration, burn injury, thirst, dehydration. A validation instruments was constructed of 52 signs and symptoms. A validation tool was examined by expert nurses group who work on intensive care unit, kidney transplantation unit, internal medicine and general surgery unit. The study sample rated the signs and symptoms on a scale from one to five, evaluating their relevance to this diagnosis. Of the 52 signs and symptoms on the validation tool, 10 were categorized as critical indicators and 34 were categorized as defining characteristics.

• 시스템엔지니어링워크숍
• /
• s.1
• /
• pp.9-14
• /
• 2003

The paper aims at presenting a systematic approach process and a method of requirement validation and system verification. Validation is applied during concept development to ensure conceptual validity, requirements validity, and design validity. Verification work is applied subsequent to the design work on test articles and early production items to produce evidence that the design solutions do, in fact, satisfy th requirements. In this paper, we present a requirements validation model and a system verification model. This models are applied to the development of TTX(Tilting Train Express)system with systems engineering tool, CORE.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
• /
• v.40 no.6
• /
• pp.1112-1121
• /
• 2019

Objectives: FDY003 is a raw material for medicine consisting of a natural product that is expected to have the advantages of low side effects and high efficacy. In this study, we predict the efficacy and the standardization of the drug by method validation of anticipated index compounds and the measurement of antioxidant activity. Methods: FDY003 is prepared by extracting and purifying 70% of ethyl alcohol (EtOH). The method validation of cordycepin and chlorogenic acid was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography-photo diode array (HPLC-PDA) and the content of FDY003 was calculated. In order to monitor the biological activity of FDY003, antioxidant activity was measured by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2-azino bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), and ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). The equivalent values of antioxidants such as trolox, ascorbic acid, gallic acid, and caffeic acid were measured by ABTS and FRAP. Results: Chlorogenic acid and cordycepin were both found suitable for method validation in HPLC and FDY003 containing 9.92±0.50 and 17.97±0.27 ㎍/g, respectively. In DPPH, the electron donating ability (EDA) value of FDY003 was increased in a concentration dependent manner. FDY003 confirmed antioxidant activity by ABTS and FRAP. Conclusions: FDY003 contains certain components including cordycepin and chlorogenic acid and has antioxidant ability by various mechanisms. Therefore, it is expected that FDY003 is capable of various physiological activities including anti-cancer activity.