• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.22-30
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• 2012

Nowadays the issue of environmental pollution and ecological destruction is not a simple issue but an important issue to be continuously considered. It is deemed that a study for recycled new materials is immediately required and this study is to analyze features and processing methods of new materials which can be used to interior space. We found the recycled new materials used for space through researching various web sits. And then we analyzed what the base materials are and classified that base materials are whether natural or artificial of the recycled materials. We classified processing methods of the recycled new materials after researching general processing methods. The result of this study would be an important material to the research and development of new finishing materials with consideration of environment and to the research for a guideline of applicable new materials. The results of this study are as follows : First, we could classify widely 2 categories into natural material and artificial material and then 10 subcategories into metal, glass, wood, rubber, stone, plastic, leather or fabric, ceramic, concrete and so on, and analyzed that which material is mostly used and whether it is single material or multiple material. In order to analyze the feature of processing method. Second, we could classify into 4 categories such as junction, surface process, molding, and insert, and found out which processing method is applied based on objects of research. Third, as an analysis result of the recycled new material feature, in order to develop various new materials, it is required to study on combination and application of 2 materials or more rather than single material. Four, as a analysis result of the processing method feature, I would like to suggest that development and application of various processing methods are required. Especially, it is necessary to grope for a way to develop new functional materials for interior space through a systemic research and analysis of processing method of other fields. Furthermore, a way to reuse recycled new materials should be considered in a stage of selection and application of processing method.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.237-246
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• 2015

Heavy metal pollution in soil, such as lead contamination, has become an area of interest in Korea because of urbanization and atmospheric deposition from neighboring countries. Therefore, in this research, eco-physiological responses such as chlorophyll contents, antioxidant enzyme activity, photosynthetic rate, biomass and phytoaccumulation abilities were investigated for 4 commonly used native roadside tree species to suggest suitable tree species to cope with lead contamination. The target species, Ginkgo biloba, Prunus yedoensis, Zelkova serrata and Chionanthus retusus showed lead toxicity by significant changes of chlorophyll contents and antioxidant enzyme activities on treatments over 200 mg Pb/kg. However, biomass and photosynthetic rates only showed significant responses of plants in the highest level (5,000 mg/kg) treatment. Especially, G. biloba did not show any significant changes of antioxidant enzyme activity, photosynthetic rate, and biomass even in the highest level treatment. In low level - environmentally realistic treatments, G. biloba and P. yedoensis showed the highest phytoaccumulation rate of lead from soil. Selecting and planting species like G. biloba which have good phytoaccumulation abilities and resistance to lead contamination by further research will be required to deal with emerging lead contamination.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.129-135
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• 2013

Recently, waste water treatment system is developed in small and middle size to get more economic advantage. Freeze concentration system has high thermodynamic efficiency and low energy consumption, can re-use purified water and cold energy obtained from ice. This study was experimentally performed to investigate pollution containment in frozen layer by cooling wall temperature, air-bubble flow methods, initial ice-lining thickness of frozen layer in NaCl aqueous solution and the representative heavy metals, Pb and Cr aqueous solution. As the result, a decrease in the cooling wall temperature bring a higher growth rate of ice front and the more solute was involved in frozen layer. The method to inject directly air-bubble into ice-liquid interface through ring shape nozzle gave high purity of ice compared to indirect method. Ice lining in 5mm thickness resulted in frozen layer with higher purity than 1mm thickness.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.10 no.7
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• pp.1729-1734
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• 2009

About 40 million automotive vehicles all over the world and 0.55 million in Korea were retired from use annually. Every nation is desperate to decrease environmental pollution by ELVs(End of Life Vehicles) and try to tighten the regulations. Europe passed laws requiring OEMs to increase vehicles' recovery and reuse rate to 95% by 2015 from current 84%. The ferrous parts, 75% of total automobile weight, are almost recycled whereas the remaining 25% of the non-metal -predominantly plastics as well as form, glass and rubber- and the non-ferrous materials -copper, nickel and aluminium- end up in landfills. The recycling status of non-ferrous materials represented by copper and nickel is reviewed and how much the recycling rate will be improved is calculated.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.90-97
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• 2018

The quantities of electronic waste have been increased rapidly, and was caused variety problems such as environmental pollution or dissipation of resource. So, it needed to development of recycling technology about heavy metal in the electronic waste. Meanwhile, filler material (concrete or mortar) was used for shielding radioactive waste, however, it did not used materials that it is proved radiation shielding performance. So, there is a lack of confidence in the shielding performance. Therefore, in this paper, mechanical properties of concrete was evaluated for the applicability using electronic waste as fine aggregate of filler material. From the test results, compressive and flexural strength and elasticity modulus and the micro pore in the $1{\mu}m$ range was significantly affected by substitution of electronic waste, however, it could be improved the performance by using mineral admixture as binder. So, it is shown that the electronic waste could be applicable as fine aggregate of filler material.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.26 no.2 s.42
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• pp.268-281
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• 1993

The aquatic quality of the Naktong river after two or three months in June, 1991 with phenol spillage from a electrical factory in Kumi was investigated. The samples were collected at six sites of the Naktong river basin and Kachang and Kongsan lakes. Phenol was not detected from all water samples. Turbidity was very much increased to the down stream in the Naktong river. The BOD and COD values exceeded the 2nd grade(3mg/l) of the Korean standard quality of Environmenal Water Act at the all sampling sites of the Naktong river. Especially, the value of COD at Kaejin (12.5mg/l) was poorly classified as to the 5th grade of water class for the environmental quality standards. Organophosphorous pesticides such as parathion, malathion, fenitrothion and diazinon were investigated but not detected. Diazinon was only detected at the Ilsan bridge(1.42ppb), Okkye stream(6.95ppb), Waekwan bridge(0.32ppb), Gangjung reservior(0.13ppb), Kaejin (0.05ppb). Of the carbamates such as carbanyl, isoprocarb and cabofuran, the carbofuran was detected all sites except tap water, and Kachang and Kongsan lakes. The content of heavy metals such as Cd, Pb, Zn, Fe, Mn, Hg were not exceeding for drinking water standards at the all sampling region, but only mecury was detected from Okkye stream(0.018ppb) and Kaejin (0.09ppb). In the regions of Kachang and Kongsan lakes, the content of heavy meatals were lower than that of reservior of Naktong river.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.331-339
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• 2008

The effects of heat and formaldehyde treatments of soybean meal and rapeseed meal on ruminal release of minerals from the meals were studied on three sheep fitted with rumen cannula. Oilseed meals were treated at 133, $143^{\circ}C$ for 3h or added with formaldehyde at a level of 3, 5g/kg. The ruminal release of P, Ca, Mg, Cu, Fe and Zn from the oilseed meals was examined using the nylon bag technique. Effective degradabilities of minerals in the oilseed meals were reduced by both treatments. The results suggest that rumen bypass treatments of oilseed meals prevent the release of minerals from the meals during rumen digestion and suppress the availability of mineals for ruminants. Eventually, the increase of heavy metal pollution in soil is anticipated due to the increase of mineral content in the feces of ruminants by ruminal protein bypass treatments.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.27-33
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• 2014

The significance of soil environment is gradually increased due to the soil and underwater contamination caused by petroleum leak accidents. It requires a high cost and long period for the purification of soil compared with other environmental matrix such as water and air. For this reason, it has been embroiled in a legal conflict to find the pollution source and charge of cleanup. In this study, we analyzed the physical properties and typical additives of jet fuel to search a method that can distinguish kerosene and jet fuel contamination. In particular, the chemical marker in kerosene was visualized by the developer and the additives in jet fuel, such as antioxidant and metal deactivator were detected by GC-MS. This study could be used to judge petroleum source at soil contaminant accident sites.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.109-116
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• 2010

The Water glass grouting method has been applied frequently to penetration grouting in practice, but some problems, such as decrease of durability with the elapsed time and environmentally adverse effect, are raised recently. Hence, the Earth Natural Grouting method which uses micro cement and inorganic material is developed to overcomes those problems of the water glass grouting method, and is aimed for extensive ground injection bound. Volumetric strain test, syneresis test, unconfined compression test, triaxial permeability test, in-situ permeability test and heavy metal analysis were conducted to verify application of the ENG. As the result of tests, volumetric strain, syneresis and unconfined strength of the ENG were superior to those of the Water Glass SGR and ENG was proved to be impermeable. Also it is expected that the ENG would not have an effect on environmental pollution.

• Advances in environmental research
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.207-216
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• 2014

A study was conducted to determine the phytotoxic effect of mercury on seed germination and seedling growth of an important arid legume tree Albizia lebbeck. The seeds germination and seedling growth performance of A. lebbeck responded differently to mercuric chloride treatment (1 mM, 3 mM, 5 mM and 7 mM) as compared to control. Seed germination of A. lebbeck was significantly (p < 0.05) affected by mercury treatment at 1 mM. Root growth of A. lebbeck was not significantly affected by mercury treatment at 1 mM, and 3 mM. Shoot and root length of A. lebbeck were significantly (p < 0.05) affected by 5 mM concentration of mercury treatment. Increase in concentration of mercury treatment at 5 mM and 7 mM significantly (p < 0.05) reduced seedling dry weight of A. lebbeck. The treatment of mercury at 1 mM decreased high percentage of seed germination (22%), seedling length (10%), root length (21.85%) and seedling dry weight (9%). Highest decrease in seed germination (51%), seedling (34%), root length (48%) and seedling dry weight (41%) of A. lebbeck occurred at 7 mM mercury treatment. A. lebbeck showed high percentage of tolerance (78.14%) to mercury at 1 mM. However, 7 mM concentration of mercury produced lowest percentage of tolerance (51.65%) in A. lebbeck. The seed germination potential and seedling vigor index (SVI) clearly decreased with the higher level of mercury. Plantation of A. lebbeck in mercury-polluted area will help in reducing the burden of mercury pollution. A. lebbeck can serve better in coordinating in land management programs in metal contaminated areas. The identification of the toxic concentration of metals and tolerance indices of A. lebbeck would also be helpful for the establishment of air quality standard.