DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

동결농축법을 이용한 염수 및 중금속 수용액의 동결거동에 관한 실험 연구

An Experimental Study on Freezing Behavior of NaCl and Heavy Metal Aqueous Solution Using Freeze Concentration Method

  • 김정식 (한국해양대학교 기관시스템공학과 대학원) ;
  • 임승택 (한국해양대학교 기관시스템공학과 대학원) ;
  • 오철 (한국해양대학교 기관시스템공학부)
  • Kim, Jung-Sik (Graduate school of National Korea Maritime University) ;
  • Lim, Seung-Taek (Graduate school of National Korea Maritime University) ;
  • Oh, Cheol (Division of Marine Systems Engineering, National Korea Maritime University)
  • 투고 : 2013.02.18
  • 심사 : 2013.03.25
  • 발행 : 2013.04.30

초록

동결농축폐수처리의 기술은 열역학적 효율이 높고 에너지 소비량이 작아 중소규모로 적합하며, 용수 재활용과 융해열의 냉열 재이용이 가능한 장점을 가지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 폐수 처리효율이 높은 동결농축폐수처리장치의 개발을 위해 수직원관 형태의 제빙관을 대상으로 염화나트륨수용액을 이용한 기초 실험을 통해 냉각면 온도, 기포 분사 방법에 따른 분리 성능을 확인 후 대표적 중금속인 Pb, Cr 수용액을 대상으로 냉각면 온도, 기포 직접 분사, 과냉각을 방지하기 위한 용질을 포함하지 않은 초기 빙층 두께의 영향에 따른 중금속 분리 성능을 실험 통해 확인하였다. 실험결과 두 수용액에서 모두 냉각면의 온도가 낮을수록 동결층의 성장속도가 빨라지고 용질의 분리효율이 저하되었다. 기포를 분사하는 방법 중에는 환모양의 노즐을 통해 동결계면에 직접 분사하는 방법이 원통벽면을 통해 간접 분사하는 것 보다 분리효율이 높게 나타났으며, 초기 빙층의 두께에 따른 실험에서는 1mm 보다는 5mm의 두께에서 분리효율이 더 우수한 것으로 나타났다.

Recently, waste water treatment system is developed in small and middle size to get more economic advantage. Freeze concentration system has high thermodynamic efficiency and low energy consumption, can re-use purified water and cold energy obtained from ice. This study was experimentally performed to investigate pollution containment in frozen layer by cooling wall temperature, air-bubble flow methods, initial ice-lining thickness of frozen layer in NaCl aqueous solution and the representative heavy metals, Pb and Cr aqueous solution. As the result, a decrease in the cooling wall temperature bring a higher growth rate of ice front and the more solute was involved in frozen layer. The method to inject directly air-bubble into ice-liquid interface through ring shape nozzle gave high purity of ice compared to indirect method. Ice lining in 5mm thickness resulted in frozen layer with higher purity than 1mm thickness.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Bae, S. K.(1995), "Effect of freezing condition on the concentration-Efficiency in the progressive freeze-concentration", Korean Soc. Food Nutr., Vol. 24, No. 6, pp. 984-989.
  2. Chidphong Pradistsuwana, Prapasri Theprugsa, Osato Miyawaki(2003), "Measurement of limiting partition coefficient in progressive freeze-concentration", Food Sci. Technol, Vol. 9, No. 2, pp. 190-192 https://doi.org/10.3136/fstr.9.190
  3. Hiroshi Sato(1999), "Water treatment technology using freezing separation method", Refrigeration, Vol. 74, No. 8557, pp. 32-36.
  4. Jeong, H. D.(2005), "Influence of operational factors on the falling film freeze concentration system for wastewater treatment", Korea Maritime University, Master thesis, pp. 1-2.
  5. Kammerer, P. A. and Lee, G. F.(1969), "Freeze concentration of organic compounds in dilute aqueous solution", Environ. Sci. Technol., Vol. 3, No. 3, pp. 276-278. https://doi.org/10.1021/es60026a006
  6. Kim, J. O.(2010), "Future promising green environment technology : About water treatment technology", Journal of KOSHAM, Vol. 10, No. 1, pp. 6-10.
  7. Ling Liu, Osato Miyawaki, Kozo Nakamura(1997), "Progressive freeze-concentration of model liquid food", Food Sci. Technol., Vol. 3, No. 4, pp. 248-352.
  8. Ling Liu, Tomoyuki Fujii, Kiro Hayakawa, Osato Miyawaki(1998), "Prevention of initial supercooling in Progressive freeze-concentration", Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem., Vol. 62, No. 122, pp. 2467-2469. https://doi.org/10.1271/bbb.62.2467
  9. Oh, C.(1999), "Freezing phenomenon and application in cold environment", Korean Society of Marine Engineering, Vol. 23, No. 3, pp. 275-283.
  10. Park, D. S., Kim, M. H. and Oh, C.(2001), "An experimental study on sea water freezing behavior for development of sea water desalination system", Korean Society of Marine Engineering, Vol. 25, No. 6, pp. 1250-1259.
  11. Song, Y. C. and Lee, E. G(1998), "Effect of components on the freeze concentration of live stock wastewater treatment", KOSENVE, Autumn Conference.