• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.44-62
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• 2020

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of herbal medicine for recovery and treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) after loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP). Methods: We searched two english, one chinese and four korean database up to November 4, 2019. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) were eligible. Primary outcome included Human papilloma virus (HPV) clearance rate and the effective ratio of treatment. And vaginal bleeding time and volume, improvement of symptoms, and recovery of wound were regarded as secondary outcomes. The risk of bias was assessed by two independent authors using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. Results: Of 47 screened, 10 RCTs were included. Number of participants per study ranged from 58 to 360. The studies which used HPV clearance rate as primary outcome were considered as low risk of bias. Most of the studies had considerable heterogeneity in terms of type of intervention, comparison and time-points for outcome measurement. Compared to LEEP alone, herbal vaginal suppository combined group showed favorable results for HPV clearance in patients (5 studies, n=627, 95% CI 1.26 to 1.55, I²=75%). And compared to LEEP alone, herbal external application also showed favorable results for HPV clearance in patients (2 studies, n=252, 95% CI 1.19 to 1.61, I²=86%). Three studies reported mild and temporary adverse events, and no serious adverse events were reported. Conclusions: The studies showed that herbal medicine can significantly effective on recovery of CIN after LEEP. However, included studies suffered from incomplete reporting, high or unclear risk of bias and substantial heterogeneity between studies. In the Future, further high-quality RCTs are needed to prove effectiveness of herbal medicine for CIN after LEEP and reduce the risk of bias.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.175-201
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• 2023

In the midst of going through a non-face-to-face society, most of human activities narrowed down to the platform, restrictions on external activities are bringing the internal scalability of digital technology. Metaverse is virtually shifting reality and increasing the possibility of utilization in various areas. However, researches linked to the educational effects of metaverse, especially students with disabilities, are still an unknown area that lacks exploration. This paper focuses on the fact that metaverse-education is widening educational fields that meets the various needs of disabled students to realize social good and inclusive education, and communication effects such as resolving barriers to interaction are prominent. As a research method, examining literature research papers linked to AR/VR, metaverse with communication skills, interviews, articles, and columns by experts, and policy suggestions and implications for the special education was conducted. Although the limitations of research are confirmed, significant results are found on inclusive education, which provides educational maximizing effects and realizing human rights through direct immersive experience reflecting the Cone of Experience Theory. Hopefully follow-up studies on meta-edu for disabled students will be carried out in the future, and various interdisciplinary discussions are needed to carefully observe inclusive policies and benefits so that the socially vulnerable are not excluded from technologies in ICT society.

• Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.949-958
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• 2017

It is more urgent that the humanities have the capacity to cope with the many challenges that the humanities need to ask, seek and solve. At this point, I think that virtue that humanities should have is communication. As humanities are the study of human beings, if all the world that human beings perceive and experience is the subject of humanities, it is also the subject of semiotics, so that as our life changes, semiology also changes, Semiotics can be done with the closest friend created by humans, at that time providing the tools. I believe there is a reason why humanities in this age should speak semantics. We believe that this new semioticism can give a fresh impression to us who thought that the method and nature of truth pursued in natural science and humanities are totally different, and this is also a very experimental field and I believe that this area of future semiotics will be developed in the future. As such, semiotics is a discipline that shows reasons beyond boundaries, so the area it can deal with is also infinite. In Chapter 2 of this article, we first discuss what semiotics is as a meta-scholar. In Chapter 3, symbol and communication, and Chapter 4, in structural code, And metonymy.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.169-178
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• 2020

The reductions of troops/human resources, and improvement in combat power have made Korean Department of Defense actively adapt 4th Industrial Revolution technology (Artificial Intelligence, Big Data). The defense information system has been developed in various ways according to the task and the uniqueness of each military. In order to take full advantage of the 4th Industrial Revolution technology, it is necessary to improve the closed defense datamanagement system.However, the establishment and usage of data standards in all information systems for the utilization of defense big data and artificial intelligence has limitations due to security issues, business characteristics of each military, anddifficulty in standardizing large-scale systems. Based on the interworking requirements of each system, data sharing is limited through direct linkage through interoperability agreement between systems. In order to implement smart defense using the 4th Industrial Revolution technology, it is urgent to prepare a system that can share defense data and make good use of it. To technically support the defense, it is critical to develop Multi Repository Meta-Data Management (MRMM) that supports systematic standard management of defense data that manages enterprise standard and standard mapping for each system and promotes data interoperability through linkage between standards which obeys the Defense Interoperability Management Development Guidelines. We introduced MRMM, and implemented by using vocabulary similarity using machine learning and statistical approach. Based on MRMM, We expect to simplify the standardization integration of all military databases using artificial intelligence and bigdata. This will lead to huge reduction of defense budget while increasing combat power for implementing smart defense.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.63-72
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• 2019

As a sub-concept of corporate or organization governance, business governance and IT governance have become major research topics in academia. However, despite the importance of process as a construct for mediating the domain between business and information technology, research on process governance is relatively inadequate. Process Governance focuses on activities that link business strategy with IT system implementation and explains the creation of corporate core values. The researcher studied the basic conceptual governance models of political science, sociology, public administration, and classified governance styles into six categories. The researcher focused on the series of metamodels. For examples, the traditional Strategy Alignment Model(SAM) by Henderson and Venkatraman which is replaced by the neo-SAM model, organizational governance network model, sequential organization governance model, organization governance meta model, process governance CUBE model, COSO and process governance CUBE comparison model, and finally Process Governance Framework and etc. The Major difference between SAM and neo-SAM model is Process Governance domain inserted between Business Governance and IT Governance. Among several metamodels, Process Governance framework, the core conceptual model consists of four activity dimensions: strategic aligning, human empowering, competency enhancing, and autonomous organizing. The researcher designed five variables for each activity dimensions, totally twenty variables. Besides four activity dimensions, there are six driving forces for Process Governance cycle: De-normalizing power, micro-power, vitalizing power, self-organizing power, normalizing power and sense-making. With four activity dimensions and six driving powers, an organization can maintain the flexibility of process governance cycle to cope with internal and external environmental changes. This study aims to propose the Process Governance competency model and Process Governance variables. The situation of the industry is changing from the function-oriented organization management to the process-oriented perspective. Process Governance framework proposed by the researcher will be the contextual reference models for the further diffusion of the research on Process Governance domain and the operational definition for the development of Process Governance measurement tools in detail.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.53-73
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• 2023

Although it is mandatory to wear a seat belt that can minimize human injury when traffic accident occurs, the number of traffic accident casualties not wearing seat belts still accounts for a significant proportion.The seat belt wearing detection system for all seats is a system that identifies whether all seat passengers wear a seat belt and encourages their usage, also it can be a useful technical countermeasure. Firstly, this study established the viability of system implementation by assessing the factors influencing the severity of injuries in traffic accidents through the development of an ordered probit model. Analysis results showed that the use of seat belts has statistically significant effects on the severity of traffic accidents, reducing the probability of death or serious injury by 0.054 times in the event of a traffic accident. Secondly, a meta-analysis was conducted based on prior research related to seat belts and injuries in traffic accidents to estimate the expected reduction in accident severity upon the implementation of the system.The analysis of the effect of accident severity reduction revealed that wearing seat belts would lead to a 63.3% decrease in fatal accidents, with the front seats showing a reduction of 75.7% and the rear seats showing a reduction of 58.1% in fatal accidents. Lastly, Using the results of the meta-analysis and traffic accident statistics, the expected decrease in the number of traffic accident casualties with the implementation of the system was derived to analyze the traffic safety effects of the proposed detection system. The analysis demonstrated that with an increase in the adoption rate of the system, the number of casualties in accidents where seat belts were not worn decreased. Specifically, at a system adoption rate of 60%, it is anticipated that the number of fatalities would decrease by more than three times compared to the current scenario. Based on the analysis results, operational strategies for the system were proposed to increase seat belt usage rates and reduce accident severity.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.17-29
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• 2014

GRAS probiotics can be used to modulate intestinal microbiota and to alleviate various gastrointestinal disorders. In several recent studies, researchers have explored the potential expansion and usability of probiotics to reduce the risk factors associated with diseases, including obesity, hypercholesterolemia, arterial hypertension, hyperhomocysteinemia, and oxidative stress. In this review, our aim was to clarify the mechanism underlying interactions between hosts (animal or human) and probiotics and the beneficial effects of probiotics on human health.

• Archives of design research
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• v.18 no.3 s.61
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• pp.199-208
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• 2005

This study analysis if the concepts of kitsch and vernacular remains as cultural elements for product design. Because their function and aesthetic value have vivid possibilities for general product design fields. For the purpose, this study limits its range within post modernism, kitsch, and vernacular, and analyzes their relationships. Against functionalism, post modernism had cultural pluralisms to approach into popular styles, and some of them was amusing design. That post modernism designs stimulated human beings' emotion by decorations or some symbolic forms from specific objects is similar to the symbolism, regionalism, or pluralism of kitsch or vernacular. Kitsch is a free style that is not limited in any specific trends. It is a Meta culture that has influenced into various fields including design, so kitsch does not have a parallel position with a product or design. In product design, kitsch is the behavior and result of imitating existing objects' images. It could have amusement according to which objects are imitated. So if human beings feel amusement by kitsch, it could be same as the direction of post modernism. Kitsch is determined by design atmospheres. They cannot be specified abjectly, and can be different according to people. With symbolism and regionalism, kitsch and vernacular appeared according to people's needs. While kitsch is consumer's tastes-oriented, vernacular is cultural tradition-oriented. Kitsch has symbolism that specifies products' functions or design concepts, and it is a communication method between human being and products. Because vernacular is province-oriented, it has a lot of styles according to regional living environments and cultural differences. So vernacular design reflects continued traditional lifestyles. By restorative memory, regionalism, cultural pluralism, amusement, and symbolism, kitsch and vernacular could be understood the sub or parallel concepts of post modernism. They might be easily miss-understood mixed concepts that have western and national characters. But in kitsch and vernacular concept, modernizing pas by using the pluralism of post modernism should be considered positive. So, the range of the further study is also supposed to be focused on more widened fields to, to establish cultural identification in design.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.35 no.12
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• pp.716-730
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• 2008

In Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA), service providers develop and deploy reusable services on the repositories, and service consumers utilize blackbox form of services through their interfaces. Services are also highly evolvable and often heterogeneous. Due to these characteristics of the service, it is hard to manage the faults if faults occur on the services. Autonomic Computing (AC) is a way of designing systems which can manage themselves without direct human intervention. Applying the key disciplines of AC to service management is appealing since key technical issues for service management can be effectively resolved by AC. In this paper, we present a theoretical model, Symptom-Cause-Actuator (SCA), to enable autonomous service fault management in SOA. We derive SCA model from our rigorous observation on how physicians treat patients. In this paper, we first define a five-phase computing model and meta-model of SCA. And, we define a schema of SCA profile, which contains instances of symptoms, causes, actuators and their dependency values in a machine readable form. Then, we present detailed algorithms for the five phases that are used to manage faults the services. To show the applicability of our approach, we demonstrate the result of our case study for the domain of 'Flight Ticket Management Services'.

• The Journal of Small Business Innovation
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.3-10
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• 2018

With the advancement in digital transformation with smart technologies and the collapse of industry borders, increasing is the importance of understanding customer problems, fostering employee capabilities, and enhancing the partner capabilities to properly provide the best service to customers. This is what is called the humane entrepreneurship in the 4th Industrial Revolution. Humane entrepreneurship is believed to play a critical role in developing business ecosystems and thus economic growth of nations. We empirically tested the ideas that 1) entrepreneurship as a meta-structuring action shape the healthiness of business ecosystem and 2) subsequently both entrepreneurship and business ecosystems affect economic development of a country. The results indicate that humane entrepreneurship does not directly affect healthiness of business ecosystem, but the balanced humane entrepreneurship together with opportunity in business ecosystems has a positive relationship with GDP growth. In other words, opportunity can be appropriated by entrepreneurs who have balanced sense between human and enterprise dimension. Data collection and methodologies are discussed further in the paper.