• 대한화학회지
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• 제51권4호
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• pp.324-330
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• 2007

수은(II) 이온 센서로 이온투과 담체로서 bis(benzoylacetone) propylenediimine (H2(BA)2PD)을 근간으로 하는 새로운 이온 선택 PVC 막 전극이 개발하였다. 이 전극은 좋은 감응 특성을 보였고, 29.8±0.75 mV/10의 Nernstian 기울기로 부터 1.0×10-6-1.0×10-1 M 수은(II) 이온 농도 범위에서 선형 Emf vs. log[Hg2+]를 보였다. pH 2.5-11.5에서 검출한계는 2.2×10-7 M Hg(II)를 보였다. 다수의 전위 간섭이온에의 수은(II)이온 대한 선택 농도에 대해 역시 연구되었다. 이 센서는 다른 전하와 함께 많은 수의 양이온에 있어 수은(II)이온에 대해 고선택성을 보였다. 이 센 서는 60초 안에 빠는 감응을 보이며 화학적으로 불활성인 것을 알아 내었고 3개월 동안 좋은 재현성을 보였다(S = 0.27 mV). 이 전극은 실제 시료에서 수은(II)이온 의 분석에 대해 서도 만족할 만한 결과를 얻었다.

• Advances in environmental research
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.81-98
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• 2013

Mercury (Hg) dynamics in the boreal environment have been a subject of concern in recent decades, due to the exposure of local populations to the contaminant. Land use, because of its impact on mercury inputs, has been highlighted as a key player in the sources and eventual concentrations of the heavy metal. In order to evaluate the impact of watershed disturbances on Hg dynamics in frequently fished, large boreal lakes, we studied sediment cores retrieved at the focal point of eight large lakes of Qu$\acute{e}$bec (Canada), six with watersheds affected by land uses such as logging and/or mining, and two with pristine watersheds, considered as reference lakes. Using a Geographical Information System (GIS), we correlated the recent evolution of land uses (e.g., logging and mining activities) and morphological characteristics of the watershed (e.g., mean slope of the drainage area, vegetation cover) to total Hg concentrations (THg) in sedimentary records. In each core, THg gradually increased over recent years with maximum values between 70 and 370 ng/g, the lowest mercury concentrations corresponding to the pristine lake cores. The Hg Anthropogenic Sedimentary Enrichment Factor (ASEF) values range from 2 to 15. Surprisingly, we noticed that the presence of intense land uses in the watershed does not necessarily correspond to noticeable increases of THg in lake sediments, beyond the normal increment that can be attributed to Hg atmospheric deposition since the beginning of the industrial era. Rather, the terrestrial Hg inputs of boreal lakes appear to be influenced by watershed characteristics such as mean slopes and vegetation cover.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.413-420
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• 2002

Mercury is one of the most frequently used heavy metal in dental clinic. Mercury poisoning rises up when someone is exposed to mercury chronically. In 1818, Amalgam was used for dental restorative procedure, and after then study about mercury toxicity has begun. Clinical signs of mercury toxicity in oral & maxillofacial area were increases of salivation, metallic taste, swelling and pain of tongue, redness and ulceration of oral mucosa, and increased mobility and loss of teeth. After we injected mercury($HgCl_{2}$) into intraperitoneum of rat, studied about histopathological changes of submandibular gland cell. Experimental group was divided into two groups by amount of mercury. (Group 1 was 0.5mg/Kg of mercury injection, group 2 was 1.0mg/Kg of mercury injection.) 1. After 3days of intraperitoneal injection, black granules were observed at macrophage cell in both group. In group 2, author found hyperchromatism of nucleus, and vacuolization of cellular matrix and nucleus of acinar cell. 2. After 1week of intraperitoneal injection, author found severe vacuolization of nucleus and cellular matrix, and irregular granules around nuclear membrane at mucous cell and serous cell in both group. Vacuolization of nucleus and cellular matrix was seen at duct cell in group 2. 3. After 2weeks of intraperitoneal injection, author could found severe vacuolization of cellular matrix, and sometimes nucleus was positioned in central area of cellular matrix at mucous and serous cell in both group. Vacuolization of nucleus and cellular matrix was found at vascular endothelial cell in group 2. 4. After 4weeks of intraperitoneal injection, destruction and distortion of gland cells were distinct. Vacuolization and destruction of nucleus and cellular matrix was found at duct cell in group 2. After intraperitoneal injection of mercury, we found equanimity of mercury and destruction of cellular matrix at serous cell, mucous cell, and duct cell of submandibular gland. So, we thought that metallic taste of mercury poisoning patient would be due to excretion of saliva containing mercury.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.369-377
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• 1998

To examine various aspects of Hg exchange processes, we measured Hg$^{\circ}$concentration gradients over soil surfaces in a residential area of Seoul during Sept. 1997. From these measurements, we found that Hg$^{\circ}$concentrations in lower(20 cm) and upper(200 cm) levels varied in the range of 3.15~14.38 (5.30$\pm$1.88: N=236) and 2.07~15.10ng/m$^3$(4.06$\pm$1.69: N=236), respectively. When our data were divided into emission and dry deposition, emission of Hg$^{\circ}$was overwhelmingly dominant (up to 98% in frequency) over dry deposition. The concentration gradients for emission and deposition events were 1.29$\pm$0.86(N=231) and -1.0$\pm$1.27ng/m$^3$(N=5), respectively. The observation of excessively high concentrations in both levels and development of strong gradients suggest that our study site be greatly affected by certain pollution sources of mercury. In face, those data were quite comparable to that had previously been observed from highly contaminated soil environs of Tennessee, USA. To provide some insights into the processes governing the Hg$^{\circ}$exchange processes, we have conducted correlation analyses between Hg$^{\circ}$data and other concurrently determined meteorological plus chemical data. In general, Hg$^{\circ}$concentrations of both levels exhibited similarly the existence of strong correlations with parameters like windspeed, temperature, and relative humidity. Although its concentration gradient data showed similarly strong correlations with meteorological parameters, they showed somewhat unique patterns in that their correlations with Hg$^{\circ}$concentration were noticeably stronger for the lower level than the upper level. To provide rough estimates of Hg$^{\circ}$fluxes in this study, we computed its flux using our gradient data and the predicted K values from previous studies. According to this approach, Hg$^{\circ}$emissions were generally in the range of 103$\pm$80(N=231), while its depositions, being scarcely found, were on the similar magnitude of -92$\pm$128ng/m$^2$/hr(N=5). The findings of excessive emission of Hg$^{\circ}$in residential area of Korea suggests that contamination of mercury be a significant process and hence be dealt more seriously.

• Mass Spectrometry Letters
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.58-61
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• 2012

A method based on flow injection-isotope dilution-cold vapor-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (FI-IDCV-ICP/MS) has been applied to determine trace level of mercury in fly ash. $^{200}Hg$ isotopic spike was added to 0.25 g of BCR176R fly ash and then decomposed by microwave digestion procedure with acid mixture A (8 mL $HNO_3$ + 2 mL HCl + 2 mL HF) and acid mixture B (8 mL $HNO_3$ + 2 mL $HClO_4$ + 2 mL HF) for applying IDMS. Mercury cold vapor was generated by using reductant solution of 0.2% (w/w) $NaBH_4$ and 0.05% (w/w) NaOH. The measurements of n($^{200}Hg$)/n($^{202}Hg$) isotope ratio was made using a quadrupole ICP/MS system. The accuracy in this method was verified by the analysis of certified reference material (CRM) of fly ash (BCR 176R). The indicative value of Hg in BCR 176R fly ash was $1.60{\pm}0.23$ mg/kg (k = 2). The determined values of Hg in BCR 176R fly ash by the method of FI-CV-ID-ICP/MS described in this paper were $1.60{\pm}0.24$ mg/kg (k = 3.18) and the analysis results were in well agreement with the indicative value within the range of uncertainty.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.523-526
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• 2004

본 연구는 우리나라에서 유통되는 과일류 중 유해중금속 함량을 파악하여 각국의 모니터링 및 기준과 비교함으로써 안전성을 평가하고자 하였다. 9종(386건)의 과일류에 대하여 4개 금속(Hg, Pb, Cd, As) 함량을 수은은 Mercury Analyzer로 납, 카드뮴, 비소는 습식분해 후 ICP 및 AAS로 분석하였다. 본 연구결과로부터 알아 낸 국내에서 유통되는 과일류 중 유해중금속 평균함량은 Hg 0.001 mg/kg, Pb 0.013 mg/kg, Cd 0.006 mg/kg, As 0.017 mg/kg으로 외국에서 보고된 결과와 유사한 수준이었다. 또한 우리나라 국민이 과일류를 통해 섭취하는 수은, 납, 카드뮴 등 유해중금속량은 FAO/WHO에서 설정한 잠정주간섭취허용량(PTWI)의 약 1-2% 수준으로 낮게 나타났다.

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2002년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.2
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• pp.206-208
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• 2002

Methylmercury (MeHg; $CH_{3}HgCl$) is, second only to cadmium as being, the most toxic on the earth. Inorganic mercury from various waste sources can be easily methylated by bacteria in water and subsequently ingested by fishes and then highly accumulated in human. Although toxicity from mercury exposure occurs with both organic and inorganic forms, organic mercury is more potently toxic to central nervous system. Minamata disease is an example of organic mercury toxicity. (omitted)

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.2003-2007
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• 2011

We report a highly sensitive surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) platform for the selective trace analysis of mercury (II) ions in drinkable water using aptamer-conjugated silver nanoparticles. Here, an aptamer designed to specifically bind to $Hg^{2+}$ ions in aqueous solution was labelled with a TAMRA moiety at the 5' end and used as a Raman reporter. Polyamine spermine tetrahydrochloride (spermine) was used to promote surface adsorption of the aptamer probes onto the silver nanoparticles. When $Hg^{2+}$ ions are added to the system, binding of $Hg^{2+}$ with T-T pairs results in a conformational rearrangement of the aptamer to form a hairpin structure. As a result of the reduced of electrostatic repulsion between silver nanoparticles, aggregation of silver nanoparticles occurs, and the SERS signal is significantly increased upon the addition of $Hg^{2+}$ ions. Under optimized assay conditions, the concentration limit of detection was estimated to be 5 nM, and this satisfies a limit of detection below the EPA defined limit of 10 nM in drinkable water.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.205-213
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• 2004

The emission characteristics of mercury in waste incinerators were investigated to get basic data for the policy development on the emission reduction of mercury (Hg). For the study several important factors were analysed from 4 incinerators such as mercury concentration, emission factors and removal rate for control devices. The results are listed below. Mercury concentrations in the flue gas were 0.39～5.96 $\mu\textrm{g}$/S㎥ in MWI and 2.5～8.8 $\mu\textrm{g}$/S㎥ in IWI. The distributions of gaseous and particulate mercury in flue gas were above 99% and below 1 %, respectively. Therefore, in order to remove mercury effectively, it is important to control the gaseous mercury. Mercury concentrations in fly ash collected from control device were found as 16.2～35.6 mg/kg- ash in FF of MWI. Also mercury concentrations at the front and back point of control device of MWI were 33.45～62.65 $\mu\textrm{g}$/S㎥ and 0.88～3.49 $\mu\textrm{g}$/S㎥, respectively. Emission factors were estimated as 3.67～11.67 mg/ton in FF, 2.6～24.5 mg/ton in MWI with SNCR, SDR and FF, 54.9～192.7 mg/ton in IWI with Cyclone and FF. Emissions from Municipal Waste Incinerator were found both in minimum and maximum ranges. Annual mercury emissions emitted from MWI was estimated as 20.0 kg (6.0～33.9 kg).

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.202-211
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• 2011

본 연구는 소양호를 대상으로 장기간 동안 다매체 내 수은 농도 분포를 조사하였으며 소양호 총수은(TM; total mercury) 농도는 $1.17{\pm}1.09ng/L$ 나타났다. 표층수 총 수은 농도를 보면 시간적 및 공간적 변이에 대한 통계적 유의성을 찾아볼 수 없었으나, 탁도 및 입자성 유기탄소(particulate organic carbon; POC)의 농도와 뚜렷한 양의 상관성(P-value<0.01)이 있는 것으로 관측되었다. 또한 소양호의 경우 수은 유입원이 선행연구에서 언급된 대기 침적보다는 장마철 runoff로 인한 유입이 더 중요하다는 것을 나타낸다. 어류 내 수은은 한강과 소양호에서 총 22종의 어류를 채취하였으며, 어류 내 평균 총수은 농도는 0.073 ppm(습중량)으로 나타나, 우리나라의 기준치(0.5 ppm) 및 미국 EPA의 기준치(0.3 ppm)에 비해 낮은 농도를 보였다. 그러나 미국 EPA의 RfD(reference dose)를 바탕으로 본 연구에서 계산된 적정 기준치인 0.07 ppm을 상회하는 어류가 전체의 42%를 차지해 우리나라만의 어류섭취 관리대책이 필요하다. 어류를 채취한 세 지점, 한강, 신이리, 양구는 동일한 종에서 뚜렷하게 다른 농도 분포를 보였는데, 상류일수록 더 높은 농도를 나타냈다. 이는 호수의 부영양화 차이로 인한 지점별 어류 성장 속도의 차이가 원인인 것으로 생각된다. 소양호 저서퇴적물의 수은 농도 분포는 $69.9{\sim}98.3{\mu}g/kg$으로 나타나 미국 미네소타 주의 Voyageurs National Park에서의 연구 결과($102{\sim}364{\mu}g/kg$)보다 약간 낮게 나타났다.