• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2009년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.270-275
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• 2009

Sound absorption characteristics of membrane system which are used in stadiums and arenas were investigated. Theoretical studies on acoustic properties of single and double leaf permeable membrane conducted. Also, experimental studies on sound absorption characteristics of combined membrane system that is composed of outer and inner membrane material were conducted. In this study, sound absorption characteristics of each membrane were investigated by experiments in reverberation chamber. 4 types of permeable membranes and a non-permeable membrane were used for experiments. Air space behind membrane material and tension on the membrane was varied. Sound absorption performance of permeable membrane materials was confirmed. As increasing air space behind the membrane material, sound absorption coefficient was increased. In a resonance absorption frequency band sound absorption coefficient varied more dramatically. Sound absorption characteristics were flat in mid and high frequency range and sound absorption coefficient was from 0,3 to 0,5. Also sound absorption coefficient was increased by the increment of surface density and air permeability of membrane. However, over the certain value of air permeability, sound absorption coefficient was decreased. These results can be used as design factors and method for the room acoustic design of dome-stadiums and large free-form buildings.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.141-160
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• 2015

This study aims to investigate the impacts of chemical cleaning on the performance of a reverse osmosis membrane. Chemicals used for simulating membrane cleaning include a surfactant (sodium dodecyl sulfate, SDS), a chelating agent (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, EDTA), and two proprietary cleaning formulations namely MC3 and MC11. The impact of sequential exposure to multiple membrane cleaning solutions was also examined. Water permeability and the rejection of boron and sodium were investigated under various water fluxes, temperatures and feedwater pH. Changes in the membrane performance were systematically explained based on the changes in the charge density, hydrophobicity and chemical structure of the membrane surface. The experimental results show that membrane cleaning can significantly alter the hydrophobicity and water permeability of the membrane; however, its impacts on the rejections of boron and sodium are marginal. Although the presence of surfactant or chelating agent may cause decreases in the rejection, solution pH is the key factor responsible for the loss of membrane separation and changes in the surface properties. The impact of solution pH on the water permeability can be reversed by applying a subsequent cleaning with the opposite pH condition. Nevertheless, the impacts of solution pH on boron and sodium rejections are irreversible in most cases.

• 멤브레인
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.151-156
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• 1999

높은 산소투과도의 특성을 갖고있는 실리콘을 이용하여 가스분리용 고분자분리막의 산소투과도를 향상시키고자 하였다. 사용된 고분자는 poly(4-methyl 1-pentene)(PMP) 와 poly(methy methacrylate)(O\PMMa) 이며 PMP의 경우 공중합물을 합성하였으며, PMMA의 경우 interpenetratin polymer network(IPN)의 제법을 이용하여 분리막을 제조하였다. 공중합물을 합성하기 위하여 2가지 방법(합침방법과 용매증발방법)을 사용하였으며 이러한 제조방법은 산소투과도에 큰 영향을 보여주었다. 또한 각각의 단점을 보완할 수 있는 IPN의 제법은 산소투과도의 향상을 가져왔으나 약간의 분리계수의 감소를 유발하였다. 특히 산소투과도의 경우 10wt%의 PMMA 가 최적의 IPN임을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.177-183
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• 2020

To utilize hydrogen energy, high-yield, high-purity hydrogen needs to be produced; therefore, hydrogen separation membrane studies are being conducted. The membrane reactor that fabricates hydrogen needs to have high hydrogen permeability, selective permeability, heatresistant and a stable mechanical membrane. Dense membranes of Pd and Pd alloys are usually used, but these have drawbacks associated with high cost and durability. Therefore, many researchers have studied replacing Pd and Pd alloys. Dense TiN membrane is highly selective and can separate high-purity hydrogen. The porous alumina has a high permeation rate but low selectivity; therefore, separating high-purity hydrogen is difficult. To overcome this drawback, the two materials are combined as composite reclamations to produce a separation membrane with a high penetration rate and high selectivity. Accordingly, TiN-alumina was manufactured using a high-energy ball mill. The TiN-alumina membrane was characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive spectroscopy. The hydrogen permeability of the TiN-alumina membrane was estimated by a Sievert-type hydrogen permeation membrane apparatus. Due to the change in the diffusion mechanism, the transmittance value was lower than that of the general TiN ceramic separator.

• Korean Membrane Journal
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.44-54
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• 2004

Organic-inorganic composite membranes based on sulfonated poly(phthalazinone ether sulfone) (sPPES)/silica hybrid were prepared using the sol-gel process under acidic conditions. The sulfonation of PPES with concentrated sulfuric acid as sulfonation agent was carried out to prepare proton exchange membrane material. The behaviors of the proton conductivity and methanol permeability are depended on the sulfonation time (5-100 hr). The hybrid membranes composed of highly sulfonated PPES (IEC value: 1.42 meq./g) and silica were fabricated from different silica content (5-20 wt%) in order to achieve desirable proton conductivity and methanol permeability demanded for fuel cell applications. The silica particles within membranes were used for the purpose of blocking excessive methanol cross-over and for forming the path way to transport of the proton due to absorbing water molecules with ≡SiOH on silica. The presence of silica particles in the organic polymer matrix results in hybrid membranes with reduced methanol permeability and improved proton conductivity.

• 멤브레인
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.352-358
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• 2012

본 연구는 pressure retarded osmosis (PRO) 분리막의 구조적 특성이 미치는 영향에 대하여 수행되었다. 이를 위해, 유사 분자구조를 가지며 자유부피는 차이가 나는 BPS-XX, BisA-XX가 선택되었다. BPS-XX와 BisA-XX는 축중합 반응을 통해 합성되었으며, 또한 더 세분화된 결과를 위해서 20~60 mol.%로 술폰화되었다. 자유부피의 변화에 따른 분리막의 특성을 입증하기 위해서 몇 가지 특성평가가 진행되었다. 연구 결과에서 동일 분자구조에서 자유부피가 증가하면 막의 투과도가 증가하였고, 선택도는 감소하였다. 본 연구의 투과도-선택도 결과에서, 분자의 기본 구조와 자유부피 조절에 따라서, 고 투과도와 선택도를 가진 막을 제조 가능함을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국막학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국막학회 2004년도 Proceedings of the second conference of aseanian membrane society
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• pp.90-93
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• 2004

In this study, we have reported an organic-inorganic hybrid membrane, which exhibits an asymmetric structure consisted of a carbonized skin layer and a polyimide porous substructure, to synthesize a novel gas separation membrane combining high gas permeability and selectivity. Both the gas permeability and selectivity of the carbonized layer significantly enhanced when compared with those determined in the control polyimide.

• 한국잡초학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.85-88
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• 1985

본(本) 실험(實驗)은 신종(新種) 제초제(除草劑)인 CGA 82725와 DOWCO 453의 살초기구중(殺草機構中) 하나의 기작(機作)으로 사료(思料)되는 세포막투과성(細胞膜透過性)에 미치는 영향(影響)을 조사(調査)하였다. 1. CGA 82725는 $10{-3}M$ 농도(濃度)에서 세포막투과성(細胞膜透過性)으 증가(增加)시켰다. 2. DOWCD 453은 $10^{-2}M$ 농도(濃度)에서 세포막투과성(細胞膜透過性)을 증가(增加)시켰다. 3. Paraquat와 Dinoseb은 $10^{-5}M$과 $10^{-4}M$에서 세포막투과성(細胞膜透過性)을 증가(增加)시켰다. 4. 세포막투과성(細胞膜透過性) 증가(增加)와 잎에 나타나는 necrosis 현상(現象)과는 항상 일치(一致)하지는 않는다.

• 멤브레인
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.136-141
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• 2014

본 연구에서는 셀룰로오즈 아세테이트(Cellulose acetate)를 이용하여 정삼투막을 제조하였으며 분리막 성능평가를 진행하였다. 분리막의 염제거율과 정삼투 공정에서의 투과성능 변화의 상관관계를 규명하기 위해 각기 다른 염제거율을 가지는 분리막을 제조하고 정삼투 장치를 이용하여 막 투과 성능을 평가하였다. 분리막의 구조가 정삼투 투과성능에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위해 각기 다른 용매를 이용하여 분리막을 제조하였다. 또한 제조된 분리막의 구조는 주사전자현미경(scanning electron microscopy)을 통해서 확인하였으며 정삼투 장치 운전을 통해 투과성능 변화를 알아보았다.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.453-460
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• 2018

The impact of sodium hydroxide, which is one of chemicals of clean in place (CIP) for removing membrane fouling, on the PVDF membrane is reviewed with respect to physical/chemical structural change, the permeability affected therefrom. Based on the cleaning concentration applied in membrane water treatment facilities, 10% of accumulated defluorination was confirmed up to 166g.hr/L which reflects the exposure time. However, membrane resistance was confirmed to be reduced by about 10%. Through FT-IR and EDS analysis, reduction of F and change of are confirmed as factors that affect the permeability of membrane. Membrane resistance, which affects permeability, is affected by loss of additives for hydrophilicity, rather than defluorination of PVDF material. Therefore, in order to check membrane degradation degree, an accelerated test by NaOH was carried out, loss of additives was confirmed, and then PVDF inherent characteristic was observed.