• 제목/요약/키워드: Member of shifts

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COVID-19 대응 심정지에서 가슴압박 교대 인원에 따른 구조자의 피로도 -마네킹 연구- (Measuring rescuer's fatigue by evaluating varying sized groups of rescuers performing chest compressions on a manikin study for suspected COVID-19 patients)

  • 안희정;심규식;방성환;송효숙;한승은
    • 한국응급구조학회지
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    • 제25권3호
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    • pp.81-92
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    • 2021
  • Purpose: The aim of the study is to measure the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and the fatigue of rescuers wearing PPE (Level D) during a CPR session and to ultimately provide suggestions of safety standards for rescuers. Methods: 36 subjects were enrolled in the study. The subjects were divided randomly into three groups of two-members, three-members, and four-members. Each group performed CPR for 30 minutes. Blood lactate concentration, heart rate, rating of perceived exertion, chest compression depth and rate were measured before experiment and after each cycle. Results: There was a difference in the blood lactate concentration during CPR cycle by member of shifts (p=.014). The blood lactate concentration increased during CPR (p=.000). Subjective fatigue was a significant difference of chest compression in cycles 3, 4, and 5 for the member of shifts during CPR (p=.049, p=.009, p=.015). Depth and rate of chest compression were not different for the member of shifts during CPR. Conclusion: It is necessary to establish standards for the member of shifts during CPR, to reduce the fatigue of rescuers.

카르복시 말단 유비퀴틴 가수분해 효소 활성 보유 PPPDE superfamily member인 Schizosaccharomyces pombe Sdu1의 열 스트레스에 대한 방어적 역할 (Defensive roles of Sdu1, a PPPDE superfamily member with ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase activity, against thermal stress in Schizosaccharomyces pombe)

  • 한희;허태영;류인왕;김경훈;임창진
    • 미생물학회지
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    • 제51권4호
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    • pp.319-328
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    • 2015
  • Schizosaccharomyces pombe $sdu1^+$ 유전자는 PPPDE superfamily member에 속하는 탈유비퀴틴화 효소인 Sdu1을 엔코딩한다. 이전 연구에서, $sdu1^+$ 유전자 포함 재조합 플라스미드 pYSTP를 사용하여 Sdu1이 카르복시 말단 유비퀴틴 가수분해 활성을 보유한다는 사실이 입증된 바 있다. 본 연구에서는, 높은 배양 온도에 대한 Sdu1의 열내성적 역할이 검토되었다. 온도 천이 실험에서, pYSTP 포함 S. pombe 세포들이 37도나 42도로 천이한 후에 벡터 대조 세포들보다 훨씬 더 잘 성장하였다. 37도나 42도로 천이 한 후 6시간 배양한 pYSTP 포함 S. pombe 세포들이 벡터 대조 세포들보다 낮은 활성산소종 수준을 나타내었다. pYSTP 포함 S. pombe 세포들이 온도 천이와 관계없이 벡터 대조 세포들보다 다소 낮은 일산화질소 수준을 나타내었다. pYSTP 포함 S. pombe 세포들이 벡터 대조 세포들보다 훨씬 높은 총 글루타치온 수준을 나타내었다. 온도천이 후의 총 수퍼옥시드 디스무타아제 및 글루타치온 과산화효소 활성들이 pYSTP 포함 S. pombe 세포들에서 더 높은 것으로 측정되었다. 요약하면, S. pombe Sdu1은 활성산소종과 일산화질소 수준은 낮추고, 총 글루타치온, 총 수퍼옥시드 디스무타아제 및 글루타치온 과산화효소 수준들은 증가시킴으로써 높은 배양 온도에 대한 열내성적 역할을 나타낸다.

인간-로봇 팀의 조절가능 자율도 구현에서 무결절 전환 (Seamless Switching in the Implementation of the Adjustable Autonomy of Human-Robot Teams)

  • 조혜경
    • 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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    • 제13권1호
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    • pp.65-71
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    • 2007
  • Adjustable autonomy architecture provides various ways for a human operator to participate as a member of a human-robot team in improving the performance of the team by resolving issues that the robots cannot deal with or performing tasks that the robots alone would unable to do. According to the level of involvement of the human operator, the robots have to adjust their level of autonomy and, in consequence, the operation mode of the overall system shifts. This paper deals with the implementation issues of seamless switching when the level of autonomy of the human-robot team shifts from one level to another. Especially, we focus on developing reliable methods for monitoring the task progress and maximizing the system flexibility by coping with the detailed differences between humans and robots in their characteristics of motions and their choices of positions, paths, and sequences of sub-goals to achieve a given task. To test and motivate the proposed methods, we have assembled three heterogeneous robots which work together to dock both ends of a suspended beam into stanchions.

온도변화에 자유로운 임피던스 기반 국부 손상검색 (Temperature Effect-free Impedance-based Local Damage Detection)

  • 구기영;박승희;이종재;윤정방
    • 한국전산구조공학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국전산구조공학회 2007년도 정기 학술대회 논문집
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    • pp.21-26
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    • 2007
  • This paper presents an impedance-based structural health monitoring (SHM) technique considering temperature effects. The temperature variation results in a significant impedance variation, particularly both horizontal and vertical shifts in the frequency domain, which may lead to erroneous diagnostic results of real structures. A new damage detection strategy has been proposed based on the correlation coefficient (CC) between the reference impedance data and a concurrent impedance data with an effective frequency shift which is defined as the shift causing the maximum correlation. The proposed technique was applied to a lab-sized steel truss bridge member under the temperature varying environment. From an experimental study, it has been demonstrated that a narrow cut inflicted artificially to the steel structure was successfully detected using the proposed SHM strategy.

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Molecular Cloning and NMR Characterization of the Nonreceptor Tyrosine Kinase PTK6 SH3-SH2-Linker Domain

  • Lee, Young-Min;Ahn, Kyo-Eun;Ko, Sung-Geon;Lee, Weon-Tae
    • Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • 제30권5호
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    • pp.1043-1046
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    • 2009
  • Human protein tyrosine kinase-6 (PTK6) is a member of the non-receptor protein tyrosine kinase family and it is found in two-thirds of all breast tumors. Very recently, we proposed that the SH3 domain of PTK6 interacts with the linker region (Linker) between the SH2 and kinase domains, proving that the interaction between SH3 domain and Linker plays an important role in auto-inhibition mechanism. Residues from 1 to 191 corresponding region of SH3-SH2-Linker (SH32L) of PTK6 was cloned into the pET32a expression vector with Tobbaco etch virus (TEV) protease enzyme site by sequence homology and 3D structural model. The purified PTK6-SH32L was determined as a monomer conformation in solution. The amide proton resonances in the $^{15}N-^{1}H$ 2D-HSQC spectrum suggest that PTK6-SH32L possesses disordered structural region of the flexible/unstructured linker region. In addition, the backbone amide proton chemical shifts of the SH3 domain in the PTK6-SH32L differ from that of the independent domain, indicating that intra-molecular interaction between SH3 and Linker in the PTK6-SH32L is present.

Decline in sestrin 2 expression during aging shifts mesenchymal stem cell differentiation from osteogenic to adipogenic lineage

  • Do Yeun Kim;Hyun-Jung Park;Jeong-Hwa Baek
    • International Journal of Oral Biology
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    • 제49권3호
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    • pp.69-78
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    • 2024
  • Sestrin 2 (SESN2) is a member of the sestrin family of stress-induced proteins that negatively regulate aging-associated biological processes. This study aims to investigate the role of SESN2 in regulating the differentiation potential and senescence of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from young and elderly donors. Bulk RNA sequencing revealed a common decline in the SESN2 mRNA levels in MSCs from elderly individuals, which was confirmed via reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and western blot analyses. SESN2 knockdown in MSCs from young donors resulted in phenotypic changes similar to those in MSCs from elderly donors, including an enhanced expression of senescence and adipogenic markers and diminished expression of osteogenic markers. To confirm the effect of decreased SESN2 expression on osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation, we induced Sesn2 knockdown in mouse bone marrow-derived MSCs. Sesn2 knockdown suppressed the mRNA expression of osteogenic marker genes, alkaline phosphatase activity, and matrix mineralization. Furthermore, Sesn2 knockdown enhanced mRNA expression of the adipogenic marker genes and intracellular lipid accumulation. These results suggest that a decline in SESN2 expression during aging contributes to the shift of MSC differentiation from osteogenic to adipogenic lineage.

China's Ascent in World Trade and Associated Shift in Its Trade Structure

  • Rao, D. Tripati;Pathak, Ravi
    • The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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    • 제3권3호
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    • pp.39-55
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    • 2016
  • The rapid expansion of China's trade surplus since the mid-eighties and picking up until the onset of 2008-09 global financial crisis has been a key development in the world economy. While growing trade surplus of China has been viewed with cynicism borne out of an undervalued Yuan and for having being a member of WTO since 2001, many others argue that China's trade surplus reflect changes in China's economic and trade structure and associated shifts in its role within regional and global production chains. We address this issue by analyzing: (i) China's growing and changing trade structure as well as changing structure of trade surplus with the rest of the world, USA, Europe, Japan and rest of Asia, (ii) China's revealed comparative advantage (RCA) with the rest of the world, and (iii) how China's trade policies resulted into a shift in China's trade structure. We find that, not only China has made significant inroads in the world trade since its admission to WTO, but also there has been a noticeable shift in China's trade structure with specialization in high-end technology industries wherein China's exports aided by a well calibrated FDI policy.

LAMP-3 (Lysosome-Associated Membrane Protein 3) Promotes the Intracellular Proliferation of Salmonella typhimurium

  • Lee, Eun-Ju;Park, Kwan-Sik;Jeon, In-Sook;Cho, Jae-Woon;Lee, Sang-Jeon;Choy, Hyun E.;Song, Ki-Duk;Lee, Hak-Kyo;Choi, Joong-Kook
    • Molecules and Cells
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    • 제39권7호
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    • pp.566-572
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    • 2016
  • Lysosomes are cellular organelles containing diverse classes of catabolic enzymes that are implicated in diverse cellular processes including phagocytosis, autophagy, lipid transport, and aging. Lysosome-associated membrane proteins (LAMP-1 and LAMP-2) are major glycoproteins important for maintaining lysosomal integrity, pH, and catabolism. LAMP-1 and LAMP-2 are constitutively expressed in Salmonella-infected cells and are recruited to Salmonella-containing vacuoles (SCVs) as well as Salmonella- induced filaments (Sifs) that promote the survival and proliferation of the Salmonella. LAMP-3, also known as DC-LAMP/CD208, is a member of the LAMP family of proteins, but its role during Salmonella infection remains unclear. DNA microarray analysis identified LAMP-3 as one of the genes responding to LPS stimulation in THP-1 macrophage cells. Subsequent analyses reveal that LPS and Salmonella induced the expression of LAMP-3 at both the transcriptional and translational levels. Confocal Super resolution N-SIM imaging revealed that LAMP-3, like LAMP-2, shifts its localization from the cell surface to alongside Salmonella. Knockdown of LAMP-3 by specific siRNAs decreased the number of Salmonella recovered from the infected cells. Therefore, we conclude that LAMP-3 is induced by Salmonella infection and recruited to the Salmonella pathogen for intracellular proliferation.

Cyanobacterial Diversity Shifts Induced by Butachlor in Selected Indian Rice Fields in Eastern Uttar Pradesh and Western Bihar Analyzed with PCR and DGGE

  • Kumari, Nidhi;Narayan, Om Prakash;Rai, Lal Chand
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • 제22권1호
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    • pp.1-12
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    • 2012
  • The present study examines the effects of 30 mg/kg butachlor on the cyanobacterial diversity of rice fields in Eastern Uttar Pradesh and Western Bihar in India. A total of 40 samples were grouped into three classes [(i) acidic, (ii) neutral, and (iii) alkaline soils], based on physicochemical and principle component analyses. Acidic soils mainly harbored Westillopsis, Trichormus, Anabaenopsis, and unicellular cyanobacteria; whereas Nostoc, Anabaena, Calothrix, Tolypothrix, and Aulosira were found in neutral and alkaline soils. Molecular characterization using 16S rRNA PCR and DGGE revealed the presence of 13 different phylotypes of cyanobacteria in these samples. Butachlor treatment of the soil samples led to the disappearance of 5 and the emergence of 2 additional phylotypes. A total of 40 DGGE bands showed significant reproducible changes upon treatment with butachlor. Phylogenetic analyses divided the phylotypes into five major clusters exhibiting interesting links with soil pH. Aulosira, Anabaena, Trichormus, and Anabaenopsis were sensitive to butachlor treatment, whereas uncultured cyanobacteria, a chroococcalean member, Westillopsis, Nostoc, Calothrix, Tolypothrix, Rivularia, Gloeotrichia, Fischerella, Leptolyngbya, and Cylindrospermum, appeared to be tolerant against butachlor at their native soil pH. Butachlor-induced inhibition of nitrogen fixation was found to be 65% (maximum) and 33% (minimum) in the soil samples of pH 9.23 and 5.20, respectively. In conclusion, low butachlor doses may prove beneficial in paddy fields having a neutral to alkaline soil pH.

라만 형광 분광법을 이용한 PSC 박스교 인장케이블 응력측정방법 연구 (Non-contact Stress Measurement in Steel Member of PSC Box Bridge Using Raman Spectroscopy)

  • 김종우;김남규
    • 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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    • 제23권2호
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    • pp.130-134
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    • 2019
  • 본 논문에서는 레이저기반 응력측정을 위한 비접촉식 로드셀을 개발을 위하여, 실내실험을 통하여 기술을 검증하고, 실규모 실험을 통하여 문제점을 파악하였으며, 최종적으로 현장적용에 적합한 응력측정용 비접촉식 로드셀 프로토타입을 개발하였다. 이를 위하여, 중심공 압축타입의 로드셀 제작에 사용되는 로드셀 몸체 표면에 용사코팅기술을 이용하여 알루미나를 도포하고, 레이저를 기반으로한 압분광법을 이용하여, 비접촉식으로 응력을 계측하였다. 이때, 인가되는 응력과 스펙트럼 이동간의 관계가 선형임을 확인하였다. 해당 기술의 현장 적용성 확인을 위하여, 실규모 프리스트레스 콘크리트 시편을 제작하고, 레이저를 조사하여 인가된 응력을 확인하는 과정에서, 반복적인 상황 하에서 레이저 조사 위치가 동일해야 함을 확인하였다. 이를 보완하기 위하여 프로브를 고정할 수 있는 케이싱이 포함된 로드셀 프로토타입을 제작하였고, 실내일축압축시험을 통하여 압축력과 스펙트럼 이동간의 선형성을 확인하였다. 따라서, 본 연구를 통하여 개발된 비접촉식 로드셀을 이용하여, 압축력을 효과적으로 측정할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.