• 한국치위생학회지
• /
• 제14권6호
• /
• pp.805-812
• /
• 2014

Objectives: The purpose of the study was to examine the association between diabetes mellitus and community periodontal index in Korean adults. Methods: The study populations were recruited by the Fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Study subjects were 10,411 who were examined oral examination, blood test, and aged over 19 years. Using multiple logistic regression analyses, the variables were adjusted for gender, age, household income, family history of diabetes, body mess index, smoking habit, and frequency of tooth brushing. Periodontal tissue examination of the subjects was performed and scored by Community periodontal index(CPI). Using probe, six teeth were examined for hemorrhage, plaque, and pocket depth and classified into $CPI_0$, $CPI_1$, $CPI_2$, $CPI_3$ and $CPI_4$. Healthy periodontal groups($CPI_{0-2}$) and periodontal disease groups($CPI_{3-4}$) were divided by the periodontal disease status. The definition of diabetes mellitus(DM) was decided by the diagnosis by the doctors and fasting blood sugar level. Those who were diagnosed as DM were included in DM group. The DM variables included normal blood sugar level, increased fasting blood sugar level, and DM blood sugar level. The DM variables were compared to periodontal disease blood sugar level and analyzed. Results: The periodontitis prevalence rate was 23.2%. Those who had diabetes mellitus accounted for 5.5% of the subjects. Those who had impaired fasting glucose accounted for 17.7% and 7.9% of subjects were diabetes mellitus by blood test. In the confirmed diabetes group by doctor, the periodontitis prevalence rate was significantly higher than the non-diabetic group. Diabetic group by blood test had the highest prevalence rate of periodontitis than those who had impaired fasting glucose group or normal group. After adjusting for gender, age, household income, family history of diabetes, body mass index, smoking habit, and frequency of tooth brushing, the risk of periodontitis in diagnosed diabetes mellitus was 1.57 times(95% CI; 1.27-1.94) higher than the normal group. In impaired fasting glucose group and diabetes mellitus group by blood test, the risk of periodontitis was 1.11 times(95% CI; 0.95-1.30) and 1.45 times(95% CI; 1.45-2.12) higher, respectively. Conclusions: There was a significant relationship between diabetes mellitus and periodontitis in Korean adults. These results suggest that diabetes mellitus is a risk factor for periodontitis.

• 한국환경보건학회지
• /
• 제44권2호
• /
• pp.188-195
• /
• 2018

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the association between vitamin D deficiency and the risk of diabetes mellitus, and also examined whether their association is differed by sex and age. Methods: We analyzed the data from 28,135 subjects ${\geq}20years$ old who were registered for the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2008-2014. Vitamin D was measured using serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations. Results: After adjusting for potential confounders (age, sex, education, income, total energy intake, smoking, physical activity, body mass index, and waist circumference), lower vitamin D was dose-dependently associated with a higher risk of diabetes mellitus (p-trend=0.004). When compared with the sufficient group (25(OH)D ${\geq}30ng/mL$), the severe deficient group (25(OH)D <10 ng/mL) had 1.46 (95% CI 1.11-1.94) odds ratio for the risk of diabetes mellitus. This association was markedly strong in men and adults aged ${\geq}40$, whereas no significant association was observed in women and adults aged <40. Conclusions: We found that vitamin D deficiency may be associated with an increased risk for diabetes mellitus in Korean adults. Our findings suggest that intake of higher vitamin D may help reduce the risk of diabetes mellitus.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
• /
• 제28권4호
• /
• pp.328-336
• /
• 2020

Diabetes mellitus affects the colonic motility developing gastrointestinal symptoms, such as constipation. The aim of the study was to examine the role of intracellular signaling pathways contributing to colonic dysmotility in diabetes mellitus. To generate diabetes mellitus, the rats were injected by a single high dose of streptozotocin (65 mg/kg) intraperitoneally. The proximal colons from both normal and diabetic rats were contracted by applying an electrical field stimulation with pulse voltage of 40 V in amplitude and pulse duration of 1 ms at frequencies of 1, 2, 4, and 6 Hz. The muscle strips from both normal rats and rats with diabetes mellitus were pretreated with different antagonists and inhibitors. Rats with diabetes mellitus had lower motility than the control group. There were significant differences in the percentage of inhibition of contraction between normal rats and rats with diabetes mellitus after the incubation of tetrodotoxin (neuronal blocker), atropine (muscarinic receptor antagonist), prazosin (α₁ adrenergic receptor antagonist), DPCPX (adenosine A1 receptor antagonist), verapamil (L-type Ca²⁺ channel blocker), U73122 (PLC inhibitor), ML-9 (MLCK inhibitor), udenafil (PDE₅ inhibitor), and methylene blue (guanylate cyclase inhibitor). The protein expression of p-MLC and PDE₅ were decreased in the diabetic group compared to the normal group. These results showed that the reduced colonic contractility resulted from the impaired neuronal conduction and decreased muscarinic receptor sensitivity, which resulted in decreased phosphorylation of MLC via MLCK, and cGMP activity through PDE₅.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
• /
• 제18권2호
• /
• pp.123-133
• /
• 2003

The purpose of this study is to compare the correlation of clinical characteristics and patterns of disease. Subjects of the study were the adults(207) living in Geoje City, the diabetes mellitus and the hypertension patients(166) and the normal people(41). In the diabetes mellitus group and the hypertension group, blood pressure, blood glucose, total cholestero LDL-cholesterol and atherogenic index(AI) were significantly high. As the obesity index was getting higher, the blood pressure of the diabetes mellitus group was high, and the HDL-cholesterol of the hypertension group was low, but AI of it was significantly high. The AI was significantly high as serum lipid index were getting higher in both groups. The rate of the prevalence was very high in the diabetes mellitus group(74.3%) and the hypertension group(73.7%). The pattern in the diabetes mellitus group was in order of the hypertension, the hyperlipidemia, and the obesity but, in the hypertension group was the hyperlipidemia, and the obesity. The obesity index and serum lipid index of complex patient group were higher than single patient group.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
• /
• 제15권4호
• /
• pp.485-497
• /
• 2010

The purpose of this study was to investigate effects of the developed nutrition education program focused on individual daily energy requirements and food exchange units using Food Exchange System for diabetes mellitus at a community health center. Developed the nutrition education program, four weeks' nutrition education including provided twice individual meal as diet therapy (2 hour/lesson/week, 4 week), was provided to 20 diabetic elderly (12 male, 8 female, 50-75 yrs): 1st lesson "Introduction: management of diabetes mellitus", 2nd lesson "6 Food groups and sources of 6 food groups", 3rd lesson "Individual daily energy requirements and food exchange units", and 4th lesson "Food choice for diabetes mellitus". For effects' analysis of the developed program, we assessed the changes in anthropometric characteristics; biochemical characteristics and nutrient intakes using 24 hr recall method. Effects of the developed nutrition education program were as follows: weight was significantly decreased, blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were significantly decreased, and distribution of subjects in BUN and HbA1c was significantly changed. In protein : fat : carbohydrate (PFC) ratio, it was significantly changed from 15.98 : 16.30 : 66.69 to 17.51 : 18.94 : 64.10. In evaluation of nutrient intakes by Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans (KDRI), protein, fiber, fat, vitamin E, niacin, folic acid, calcium and zinc were shown significantly positive changes in distribution of subjects according to intake level. The index of nutrition quality (INQ), nutrition adequacy ratio (NAR) and mean nutrition adequacy ratio (MAR) were significantly increased. In conclusion, the developed 4 weeks' nutrition education program focused on individual daily energy requirements and food exchange units using Food Exchange System for diabetes mellitus at community health center may improve the symptom of diabetes mellitus.

• 대한간호학회지
• /
• 제45권4호
• /
• pp.533-543
• /
• 2015

Purpose: This study was conducted to develop and test the effects of a motivational interviewing self-management program for use with elderly patients with diabetes mellitus. Methods: A non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design was used. The participants were 42 elderly diabetic patients (experimental group: 21, control group: 21). The motivational interviewing self-management program for elders with diabetes mellitus developed in this study consisted of a 12-week program in total (8 weeks for group motivational interviewing and education and 4 weeks for individual motivational interviewing on the phone). Data were collected between February 13 and May 3, 2013 and were analyzed using t-test, paired t-test, and repeated measure ANOVA with SPSS/WIN 18.0. Results: For the experimental group, significant improvement was found for self-efficacy, self-care behavior, glycemic control and quality of life (daily life satisfaction, influence of disease) as compared to the control group. Conclusion: The study findings indicate that the motivational interviewing self-management program is effective and can be recommended as a nursing intervention for elderly patients with diabetes mellitus.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
• /
• 제20권1호
• /
• pp.247-255
• /
• 1995

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the polymorphism in parotid middle-band protein(Pm) of the patients with diabetes mellitus. Saliva from the parotid glands was collected from 60 healthy Korean who were live in Kwan-ju and from 33 diabetes mellitus patients who had more than 140mg/dl of fasting blood sugar for on week. In the saliva collected from parotid glands, Pm was analyzed to evaluate the distribution of phenotype using acid-urea starch gel elecrophores is The following results were obtained : 1. The phenotypes of parotid middle band protein(Pm) observed in parotid saliva of the control group(60 people) were Pm(+) in 38 people (63.3%) and Pm(-) in 22 people (36.7%). The gene frequency of Pm+ was0.394, and that of Pm- was 0.606. 2. The phenotypes of parotid middle band protein(Pm) observed in parotid saliva of the diabetes mellitus patient group(33 patients) were Pm(+) n 21 patients(63.6%) and Pm(-) in 12 patients (36.4%). The gene frequency of Pm+ was 0.397, and that of Pm- was 0.693 3. Pm dose not have significant differences between phenotypes on both the control group and the diabetes mellitus patient group.

• 한국농촌간호학회지
• /
• 제8권1호
• /
• pp.13-24
• /
• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the knowledge of diabetes and self-care behavior of patients with diabetes mellitus living in rural area. Methods: Participants in this study were 94 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Data were collected from July 13 to September 14, 2012. The instruments were the knowledge of diabetes measurement developed by Park Oh Jang and the measurement of self-care behavior for patients with diabetes developed by Kim Young Ok. Data were analyzed using the SPSSWIN 18.0 program for t-test, one-way ANOVA and Scheffe test. Results: There were significant differences in knowledge of diabetes according to education level (p=.011), alcohol use (p=.010), regular exercise (p=.046), and duration of illness (p=.045). There were significant differences in self-care behavior of patients with diabetes according to satisfaction with income (p=.031), regular exercise (p<.001), experience with diabetes education (p=.001), number of diabetes education sessions (p<0.001), and complications (p=.001). Conclusion: Based on the result of this study, there is a need to develop and confirm the efficacy of education programs by examining their fit to characteristics of patients with diabetes mellitus living in rural areas.

• 한국치위생학회지
• /
• 제15권5호
• /
• pp.925-932
• /
• 2015

Objectives: The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between diabetes mellitus and oral disease in the Korea adults by using the representative data of Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) V. Methods: Using data from a cross-sectional survey of Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey V. The subjects were 5,602 adults over 19 years old. The survey data and the examination data are used for the independent variables. KNHANES included health status, nutrition survey, and oral examination. The health status was obtained by a self-reported questionnaire of the study subjects and direct interview was carried out on economic status, prevalence rate, and use of medical services. Results: The regular dental checkup of diabetes patients was significantly lower than the general population. Regular dental visits allow adults to receive early diagnosis and obtain restorative care at the first visit. The regular annual oral examination is very important to prevent and manage the chronic diseases including diabetes mellitus. Conclusions: Diabetes mellitus can be fully prevented and managed by the regular annual dental checkup. The establishment of the regular dental checkup system can prevent and manage the complication due to diabetes mellitus and other chronic diseases.

• 기본간호학회지
• /
• 제23권3호
• /
• pp.300-309
• /
• 2016

Purpose: This study was a descriptive survey research to identify whether characteristics of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, their knowledge about diabetes, and self-care behavior impacted on the level of diabetic retinopathy. Methods: Participants were 133 patients who had type 2 diabetes mellitus and were being seen at a hospital in Korea. The scale for knowledge about diabetes had 24 items, the scale for self-care behavior, 20 items, and the level of diabetic retinopathy was classified according to the international clinical diabetic retinopathy severity measurement standards. Results: The influence of the independent variables on the level of diabetic retinopathy showed that age, job, time since onset of Diabetes Mellitus, regular ophthalmologic examinations, and systolic blood pressure were identified as factors affecting the level of diabetic retinopathy. The explanation power of this regression model was 23.0% and it was statistically significant (F=5.42, p<.001). Conclusion: Early education about occurrence of diabetes related diseases, specifically diabetic retinopathy should be provided for patients from younger ages. Moreover, for disease management, social support is needed from co-workers and friends. Efforts to encouraged prevention and delay of diabetic retinopathy should include control of blood sugar and blood pressure.