• FLOWER RESEARCH JOURNAL
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.107-111
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• 2008

This experiment was carried out to examine the effect of silicate on the rooting of cuttings and growth of cut chrysanthemum. In the first experiment, cuttings of chrysanthemum 'Pink Pixie Time' were grown in a 3 L medium which was supplemented with silicate at 0, 30, 60, or 90 g for examination of its effect on rooting of cuttings. In the second experiment, chrysanthemum 'Backwang' was grown in medium supplemented with silicate at 0, 60, 90, 120 or 240 g per 20 L medium. In the first experiment, the promotional effect of silicate increased with increasing silicate concentration in the medium, resulting in increased length of shoot and root. However, root dry and fresh weights were not affected by silicate concentration in the medium. In the second experiment, number of branches, plant height, number of nodes, and stem diameter in the silicate-supplemented treatments were greater than those in the control. However, dry matter was not affected significantly by silicate concentration in the medium. Fresh weights of the leaf, stem and root in the silicate-supplemented treatments were greater than those in the control.

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.121-126
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• 2012

The objective of this study was to examine the effect of in vitro culture media on embryonic development of in vitro-matured (IVM) oocytes after parthenogenetic activation (PA) in pigs. Immature pig oocytes were matured in TCM-199 supplemented with porcine follicular fluid, cysteine, pyruvate, EGF, insulin, and hormones for the first 22 h and then further cultured in hormone-free medium for an additional 22~26 h. IVM oocytes were activated by electric pulses and cultured in porcine zygote medium-3 (PZM-3) and North Carolina State University-23 supplemented with essential and non-essential amino acids (NCSU-23aa). These media were further modified by supplementing 2.77 mM myo-inositol, 0.34 mM trisodium citrate, and $10{\mu}M$ ${\beta}$-mercaptoethanol (designated as mPZM-3 and mNCSU-23aa, respectively). Culture of PA embryos in mPZM-3 significantly increased development to the blastocyst stage than culture in NCSU-23aa (36.2% vs. 24.8%, p<0.05). Modified PZM-3 showed a significantly higher blastocyst formation than NCSU-23aa in both groups of embryos that were activated at 44 h and 48 h of IVM (51.0% vs. 35.5% and 49.0% vs. 34.2% in oocytes activated at 44 h and 48 h of IVM, respectively). Irrespective of the follicle diameter where oocytes were collected, embryonic development to the blastocyst stage was increased (p<0.05) by the culture in mPZM-3 compared to culture in NCSU-23aa (25.9% vs. 34.2% and 32.9% vs. 44.8% in embryos derived from small and medium size follicles, respectively). Our results demonstrated that culture media had significant effect on preimplantation development PA embryos and that mPZM-3 was superior to mNCSU-23 in supporting development to the blastocyst stage in pigs. This beneficial effect of mPZM-3 on embryonic development was not impaired by other factors such as time of oocyte activation and origin of immature oocytes (small and medium size follicles).

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.259-264
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• 2006

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of medium composition, physical condition and growth regulators on prothallus proliferation in 3 fern species belonging to Aspleniaceae (Asplenium incisum, Camptosorus sibiricus and Phyllitis scolopendrium). In all of the 3 species, the effective medium for prothallus proliferation was Murashige and Skoog's basal medium with 1% sucrose and pH 5.8. The optimum $NH_4^+:NO_3^-$ concentration ratio of protahllus proliferation was 20:40mM (1:2 ratio) in A. incisum and P. scolopendrium and 30:30mM (1:1 ratio) in C. sibiricus. However, agar content of medium did not affect the rate of prothallus proliferation. Among the selected 6 kinds of growth regulators (NAA, IAA, 2,4-D, BAP, kinetin and lip), cytokinins generally has a promotive effect, but auxins showed an inhibitory effect on prothallus growth.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.55-59
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• 1976

Most investigators have come to stress two different concepts of mechanism controlling renin release; intrarenal baroreceptor theory and the macula densa theory(Vander 1967, Thurau and Masson 1974). In the macula densa theory, the specific macula densa parameter, most commonly suggested as a possible signal, is either the osmolality or the concentration of sodium in the tubular fluid (Thurau 1964, Vander and Miller 1964, Reeves and Sommers 1965). It has been shown that sodium plays an important role in the release of renin either in vivo (Thurau 1964, Vander and Miller 1964, Thurau et al 1972) or in vitro experiments(Oelkers et al 1970, Hammerson et al 1971, Michelakis 1971). On the other hand the osmolality appears to have no effect on the release of renin in vivo (Vander 1967, Thurau and Masson 1974). However, there has been little attempt to study the effect of osmolality on in vitro renin release. We therefore undertook the present investigation to elucidate the effect of osmolality on renin release and to further test the sodium influence upon the release of renin from isolated kidney slice preparations. Isolated renal cortical slices were washed with normal Krebs-Hensenleit bicarbonate buffer solution and incubated for 30 minutes in a medium containing an appropriate concentration of sodium and osmolality. The renin released into the medium was measured by the method of radioimmunoassay(Haber et al 1969). The results obtained are as follows; 1. The release of renin from renal cortical slices was progressively inhibited as the sodium concentration in the medium increased. 2. No significant alteration in renin release was observed when osmolality of the medium was changed. These results suggest that the release of renin from the renal cortical slices is directly affected by the changes in sodium concentration in the medium, but is not influenced by the alterations in osmolality.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.201-207
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• 2012

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of supporting material and ionic strength of the MS medium on growth of strawberry plantlets cultured in vitro for the rapid mass production. Explants of $Fragaria$ $ananassa$ 'Houkouwase' in vitro were planted in the agar or Tosilee (commercial plug medium) medium as the supporting material and supplied with 1/4 MS, 1/2 MS or basal (as the control) MS medium in an autotrophic micropropagation. Plant height and root length were significantly greater when they were cultured in 1/2 MS medium as compared to those grown in the agar medium. Also, shoot fresh and dry weights, and leaf area in the 1/2 MS medium were greater than in 1/4 MS or basal MS medium. When plantlets were cultured in Tosilee medium and fed with the basal MS medium, plant height, root length, shoot fresh and dry weights, root fresh and dry weights, and leaf area were promoted and greater than those in plantlets cultured in the agar medium.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.756-767
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• 2019

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of doneness on the microbial, nutritional, and quality characteristics of 1.5 cm- and 2.0 cm-thick pork neck steaks. Pork neck meat was obtained within 24 h after slaughtering, cut into 1.5 cm- and 2.0 cm-thick slices (n=5), packed in LLD-PE wrap, and stored at $4{\pm}2^{\circ}C$ for 7-10 days until aerobic plate counts (APC) reach 5.51-6.50 Log CFU/g. Then, the pork meat was cooked on a frying pan till it was medium-rare, medium, or well-done. The microbial inhibition rates of the 1.5 cm- and 2.0 cm-thick steak in medium-rare state were 58.26% and 51.70%, respectively, whereas it was 100% for medium-done pork steak of either thickness. The total calories of the 1.5 cm- and 2.0 cm-thick well-done pork steaks were 643.61 kcal/100 g and 675.00 kcal/100 g, respectively, which was higher than that in medium-rare and medium-done steaks. The retention ratios for Fe and K in the well-done steak were significantly lower than those in the medium and medium-rare steak of either thickness (p<0.05). The shear force of the medium-rare and medium steak did not differ, whereas that of the well-done steak was significantly higher than that of the medium-rare steak of either thickness (p<0.05). We observed that the well-done pork steak had tough texture, low mineral content, and high calories. Therefore, consumption of medium and medium-rare pork is more beneficial than that of well-done pork.

• Proceedings of the KSAR Conference
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• 2004.06a
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• pp.242-242
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• 2004

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of various supplements added into maturation medium of immature porcine oocytes on quantity of cytoplasmic lipid droplets(LD), subsequent fertilization and development to the blastocyst stage in vitro. The basic maturation medium was TCM 199 + 1 ㎍/㎖ FSH, 0.57 mM cystein, 10 ng/㎖ EGF and was supplemented various supplements(10% FBS, 10% pFF, 0.4% BSA, 1.0% BSA, 0.4% PVP, 1.0% PVP). (omitted)

• Mycobiology
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.219-224
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• 2002

Growth studies of Catenaria anguillulae isolates in response to sodium chloride indicated that all the isolates grew in linseed oil-cake agar medium containing sodium chloride up to 1.0%. Medium with 1.5% sodium chloride, however, completely checked the growth of all the isolates. The size of zoosporangia greatly increased with abundant zoospore production in medium containing sodium chloride at 0.5%.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• v.28 no.5_6
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• pp.1203-1216
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• 2010

The homotopy analysis method (HAM) has been applied to develop an analytic solution for the coupled radiation-convection dissipative non-gray gas flow in a non-Darcy porous medium. Results are presented for the surface shear and temperature profiles are presented to illustrate the effect of various parameters appearing in the analytical formulation. The accuracy and convergence of the method is also discussed.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.75-92
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• 1984

This study attempted to analyze the distribution of stress, to examine the bending effect in the mandible according to the pulling directions and determine on which pulling directions are adequate when an orthopedic force was applied to the mandible. An orthopedic force, 500gm, was applied to the gnathion, one point of the chin area, in three directions. The three directions were ; high puli' from gnathion to the center of condyle head, and vertical pull, from gnathion to a parallel line with the posterior border of the ramus, and medium pull, from the gnathion to a parallel line with the lower border of mandible. The distribution of principal stress, bending moment and amount of displacement within the mandible was analyzed by a 3-dimensional finite element method and that of the various portions of mandible were computed and compared according to the pulling directions. The results were as follows : 1. The bending moment of each part of a mandible has been found to be markedly larger in case of vertical pull than in case of either high pull or medium pull. In vertical pull the bending moment turned out to largest at the condyle head and neck portion, the gonial angle portion, the coronoid portion and the ascending ramus portion, respectively, while comparatively large at the cuspid and bicuspid portion and the first molar portion. In case of high pull it was largest at the gonial angle portion and becoming smaller at the coronoid portion, the ascending ramus portion, the condyle head and neck portion, and the cuspid and bicuspid portion, in that order. In case of medium pull, however, the bending moment was largest at the condyle head and neck portion, becoming smaller at the first molar portion, the ascending ramus portion, the coronoid portion, the cuspid and bicuspid portion, and gonial angle portion, in that order. 2. As for the bending effect it was calculated to be mostly oriented downward at the mandibular body and backward at the mandibular ramus in both high pull and vertical pull. In case of medium pull it was oriented upward at the mandibular body and forward at the mandibular ramus. 3. The bending effect also turned out to be mostly oriented outward in case of high pull and medium pull, and inward in vertical pull. 4. At the mandibular body and ramus, the bending effect in the upward-downward direction and that in the forward-backward direction were found to be larger than in the inward-outward direction. 5. If and when we expect any correcting effect on the mandibular protrusion by means of the chin cup appliance, we can say sure as conclusion that high pull and vertical pull are more effective than medium pull.