• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.76-93
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• 1998

Three hundred sixty-two(male 131, female 231) elderly aged over 65 in Chungb- uk area were interviewed to determine the disease states and drug usage patterns. The prebalence of disease was 78% and women reported more chronic diseases(83%) than men(71%). Elderly who live with spouse and have an occupation have a lower rate of disease. Average number of diseases of the elderly was $1.8\pm{1.1}$, and women$(2.1\pm{1.3)}$ have significantly higher average number of diseases than that of men$(1.4\pm{0.7)}$. Also the elderly in urban areas$(2.1\pm{1.4)}$ have significantly higher number of diseases than that of the elderly in rural areas$(1.6\pm{0.9)}$. Arthritis, hypertension, cardiovascular and gastric diseases were the most frequently listed chronic diseases in order for both men and women. Anemia and fracture of bone were relatively higher in women than in men. Particularly, the arthritis of the urban elderly have a rate of 1.5 times higher than that of the rural elderly. Fifty-two percent of the elderly were currently using drugs ; among drug users 71.2% used prescription drugs and 20.5% used nonprescription drugs. The average number taken per person was 2.1$\pm$1.4 and there was no sex or age difference. However, the elderly in rural areas $(2.7\pm{1.7)}$ consumed a significantly higher number of drugs than those in urban areas$(1.7\pm{0.7)}$. The average number of prescripti- on drugs taken was 2.0$\pm$1.4 while the average of nonprescription drugs taken was $(1.3\pm{0.6)}$. Analgesics and antihypertensive drugs were most commonly used. Vitamin and analgesics were the most frequently used self-prescribed drugs. It was noted that potential adverse drug interaction by concominant drug consumption for arthritis and antihypensive drug, abuse of digestants and antiacid without treatment of the underlying disease, and misuse of quick-acting bowel medications were problematic for the elderly. In addition drugs used for the elderly have some adverse effect on the digestive system. The types and composition of drugs used by the elderly were identified and presented. Medication compliance was poor and 13.5% reported adverse reactions such as edema, heartburn, nausea, and difficulty with eating. Seventeen percent of the elderly obtained drugs arranged by those other than medical staff. Also, even among those elderly who obtained drugs prescribed by a doctor, 69.1% of subjects had not receive instruction about potential adverse reactions. These results suggest that nutritional problems related to drug usage might exist and so dietitians, either individually or as members of health teams, need to have a better understanding of drug-nutrient interaction and closer supervision, and drug information/education service should therefore be provided to prevent or minimize adverse drug reaction in elderly users of medication.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.277-285
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• 2016

Objectives: This study was performed in order to evaluate whether 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) could be detected among residents living near Camp Caroll in Waegwan and whether serum concentrations of dioxins, including 2,3,7,8-TCDD, and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) are associated with length of residence. Methods: Study subjects totaled 113 (for dioxins) and 190 (for OCPs) adults who were selected from participants in a medical investigation. Serum concentrations of dioxins and OCPs were measured using HRGC/HRMS. Information on length of residence was obtained through questionnaires. Results: 2,3,7,8-TCDD was not detected in serum among all subjects. When length of residence was classified as a categorical variable, after adjusting for confounding variables, only residents living in Waegwan for 40 years or longer tended to have high total TEQ values and 2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF with marginal significances. There was no dose-response relation between length of residence and serum concentrations of these chemicals. In multiple regression models with continuous values of the length of residence, total TEQ value and 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDF were positively associated with length of residence. However, they explained about 3-5% of total variations of serum concentrations of these compounds, while age, consumption of fatty fish, body mass index, alcohol drinking, and cigarette smoking were main variables affecting serum concentrations of dioxins or OCPs. Conclusions: In the current study, high concentrations of certain compounds were mainly observed among persons who lived in Waegwan for at least for 40 years without a dose-response relation. Therefore, it seems difficult to conclude that length of residence meaningfully contributed to the current serum concentrations of dioxins or OCPs among residents in Waegwan. However, considering the half-life of 2,3,7,8-TCDD and indirect exposure routes, the limitations of the current study design should be considered in the interpretation of the study findings.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.122-131
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• 2009

목적: 본 연구는 호스피스자원봉사자가 지각한 자원봉사자 활동의 중요도 및 수행도를 파악하고자 수행되었다. 방법: 연구대상은 대구와 경북지역 소재 6개 종합병원의 호스피스 병동 및 호스피스 팀에서 활동하고 있는 자원봉사자 259명이다. 대상자가 지각한 자원봉사자 활동에 대한 중요도 및 수행도 조사를 위해 문헌고찰 및 호스피스자원봉사자 면담을 기초로 작성된 호스피스자원봉사자 활동 목록이 사용되었다. 자료수집 기간은 2007년 9월부터 10월까지였다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS WIN 12.0을 이용하여 서술통계, T-test, One-way ANOVA와 사후검정으로 Scheffe test, Pearson's product-moment correlation 등으로 분석 하였다. 결과: 호스피스자원봉사자가 지각한 자원봉사활동 중요도의 평균은 3.09점, 수행도는 2.31점으로서 중요도에 비해 수행도가 상대적으로 낮았다. 대상자가 지각한 자원봉사자 활동의 중요도와 수행도에는 유의한 상관관계가 있었다(r=.487, P=.000). 대상자의 종교, 교육수준 및 자원봉사활동 기간에 따라 자원봉사자 활동에 대한 중요도 지각에 유의한 차이가 있었다. 대상자의 연령, 종교 및 자원봉사활동 기간에 따라 자원봉사활동 수행도에 유의한 차이가 있었다. 결론: 호스피스자원봉사자가 지각한 자원봉사자 활동의 중요도는 높은 수준이었으나 수행도는 여기에 미치지 못하고 있었으며, 일부 자원봉사자의 특성이 호스피스자원봉사자 활동에 대한 중요도 지각과 수행도에 영향을 미치고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 이상과 같은 본 연구의 결과는 호스피스자원봉사자 교육 프로그램 개발 시에 기초 자료로 활용될 수 있을 뿐 아니라 자원봉사자에 대한 효율적 관리에도 활용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.375-381
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• 2015

디지털 방사선 시스템은 영상의학에서 큰 비중을 차지하고 있다. 잘못된 영상이 제공 된다면 이는 환자의 건강에 나쁜 영향을 줄 수 있기에, 올바른 디지털 방사선 영상이 제공되어야만 한다. 또한, artifact는 오진으로 이어질 수 있다. 디지털 방사선 시스템에서 발생하는 artifact를 종류별로 분석하여 그 결과 분석하였다. 본 연구에서 사용된 artifact는 서울의 종합병원 급 의료기관에서 2007년부터 2014년까지 수집된 자료들이다. 수집된 자료는 발생 원인별로 구별하여 그 원인을 분석하였다. artifact는 하드웨어적 artifact, 소프트웨어적 artifact, 사용자 오류, 시스템 artifact 및 기타로 구분하였다. 하드웨어적 artifact는 Ghost가 가장 빈번하게 관찰되었으며, 이는 신호의 잔류에 의한 것이다. 다음은 RF 잡음에 의한 오류, 장비 내 이물질에 의한 오류 순이다. 소프트웨어 artifact는 많은 원인이 있다. 부정확한 영상 교정에 의한 artifact가 가장 많았으며, EDR 인식오류, 접합면 처리 오류 등이 있으며, 소프트웨어 artifact는 매우 다양한 경향을 나타낸다. 사용자 오류는 디지털 의료 영상 시스템을 바르게 이해하지 못해 발생시킨 것들이 많았다. 아울러, 시스템 artifact는 DICOM 헤더 정보 오류, 압축 오류가 있다. 분명하게 나타나는 artifact는 재촬영의 원인이 되어 환자의 피폭을 증가시키고, 불분명하게 나타나는 artifact는 오진을 유발 시킬 수 있다. 따라서 방사선사에게서 이러한 artifact를 바로 구별 할 수 있는 능력이 요구 된다. 그러므로 artifact가 발생되는 원인과 그 특성을 분명하게 이해함으로 지속적인 교육과 안정적인 시스템 운영에 힘써야 할 것으로 사료된다.

• 의료법학
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.99-131
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• 2011

To strengthen the protection of human research subjects and human materials, the Korean Ministry of Health and welfare proposed the amendment bill of Bioethics and Safety Law(2010) to the Congress. It includes so many meaningful clauses. According to the bill, the scope that this act shall apply will be expended to the research involving human subjects and human materials. In the bill, there are the principles of this act; the protection of the life, health, and dignity of the human subjects, the obtaining of the adequate informed consent, the protection of the human subject's information confidentiality and the human subject's privacy, the assessment and minimizing of the risks involved and the guarantee of the safety for the human subjects, the preparation of the special protection program for the vulnerable human subjects, and so on. According to the bill, Institutional Bioethics Review Board(the same as Institutional Review Board) will be responsible for the auditing and monitoring on the research that was approved by IBRB, conducting the education program for the researchers, IBRB members and administrative staffs, preparing of the special protection program for the vulnerable human subjects, and forming the guidelines for the researchers as well as the review of the research protocols. And the State and local governments shall take necessary measures to support the expending of the social infrastructure. In addition to, IBRB will have to be assessed and to be gained the accreditation by the Korean Ministry of Health and welfare. So, if Bioethics and Safety Law is amended, it will contribute enormously to enhance the level of the human research subjects protection. Also, if this Law is amended, IBRB will play a major role for the conduct of the ethically, scientifically, and legally proper research. But now, as a matter of fact, the capability of IBRB members and IBRB office members is not enough to charge of this role because some people and some organizations does not know the importance of IBRB exactly. In spite of, IBRB shall be able to this role to protect the human subjects and to develop the level of the research On the international level. Therefore, the State, local governments and the Organization shall back up the administrative and financial terms of the IRB and IRB Office.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.47-57
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• 1994

The purpose of this study was to examine nurses’ perceptions of medication treatment for psychiatric patients and to compare these perceptions with the perceptions held by the patients. The methodology used in this study was a descriptive design with semi-structured and open-ended interviews. This study used a convenience sample of 112 nurses who worked in, and 209 patients who were under psychiatric treatment, in four hospitals attached to a university and one national mental hospital in the city of Seoul. The collected data were analyzed by SAS, using percentages for descriptive purposes, and t-test or x$^2$ for comparing the variables. The results were as follows : 1. There was no significant differences between nurses’ and patients’ perceptions on the extent to which patients complied with their medication treatment. Generally speaking, the mean compliance scores for both nurses and patients was high(nurse : (equation omitted)=3.70, Patient : (equation omitted)=3.76). 2. There was a significant difference in nurses’ and patients’ perceptions on the reasons why patients do not take medication. The nurse group indicated that the patients did not take medication because of the “worry about side effects or habituation(49.53%)”, “boredom from long-term use of medication(26.17%)” and “distrust toward medical staff(12.15% )”, but the patient group indicated that they “did not want to be dependent on medication (25%)”, “forgot to take medication(19.7%) and “worried about side effects or habituation(15.91%). 3. As for the necessity of medication, both groups showed some different responses. Even though both groups were aware of the necessity of taking medication, the patient group(21.53%) showed a more negative response. As (or the effects of medication, both groups (nurses and patients ) showed positive responses. However, the nurse group showed a higher positive response (91.07% ) than the patient group(74.16%), 5. Both the patient and nurse group indicated that the most helpful element for the patient’s life under psychiatric treatment was interviews and conversations with therapists and nurses. However, the nurse group showed a higher response(70.15%) than the patients group(47.15%). According to the patient group, family support for the patient was another important factor for psychiatric treatment and daily struggles. In conclusion, as there were differences between the perception of nurses and patients, the nurse must consider the patients’ subjective perceptions first. They should also revaluate their false belief and prejudice concerning the patients’ perceptions. Such information can provide a base to be applied by the nurses in devloping effective mutual relationships with patients which can in turn help in compliance with medication regimen. As it was confirmed that medication was the most important factor in the patients’ recovery, a thorough education program on the therapeutic effect of medication and the necessity of their continued use after discharge is also needed.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제12권10호
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• pp.467-476
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• 2014

본 연구는 한국청소년의 정신건강이 비만에 미치는 영향을 파악하고자 하는데 있다. 연구 자료는 2013년 6월 1일부터 6월 30일까지, 12세에서 18세까지의 70,354명 청소년(남학생 35,575명, 여학생 34,779명)을 대상으로 한 2013청소년건강행태온라인조사 자료를 이용하였다. 변수는 연령, 가정의 경제상태, 학업성적, 건강상태, 행복감, 스트레스, 수면충족, 우울감, 자살생각을 사용하였고, 자료는 t-test, chi square test와 로지스틱 회귀분석으로 분석하였다. 한국 청소년 남학생과 여학생 모두의 비만에 영향을 미치는 일반적 특성 변수는 연령(p<0.001), 가정의 경제상태(p<0.001), 학업성적(p<0.001), 건강상태(p<0.001)였으며, 비만에 영향을 미치는 정신건강변수는 여학생의 자살생각(p<0.05)이었다. 청소년 비만 프로그램 운영 시 여학생의 자살생각 경험은 비만 가능성을 예측하는 정보로 이용되어질 수 있을 것이며, 연령에 맞는 비만 교육과 성별 및 경제 상태를 고려한 비만 지도가 포함되어야 할 것이다.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.153-169
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• 1996

This study was designed to identify, describe and classify orientations of cancer patient's family members to death and to identify factors related to their attitudes on death. Death to the male is understood as a comprehensive system and believed to be highly subjective experience. Therefore attitude on death is affected by personalities. As an attempt to measure the subjective meaning toward death, the unstructured Q-methodology was used. Korean Death Orientation Questonaire prepared by Kim was used. Item-reliability and Sorting-reliability were tested. Forty five cancer patients' family members hospitalized in one university medical center in Seoul were sampled. Sorting the 65 Q-itmes according to the level of personal agreement ; A forced normal distribution into the 11 levels, were carried out by the 45 P-samples. The demographic data and information related to death orientation of the P-sample was collected through face to face in depth interviews. Data was gathered from August 30 till September 22, 1995. The Z-scores of the Q-items were computed and principal component factor analysis was carried out by PC-QUANL Program. Three unique types of the death orientation were identified and labeled. Type I consists of twenty P-samples. Life and death was accepted as people's destiny, They firmly believed the existence of life after life. They kept aloof from death and their concern was facing the and of the life with dignity, They were in favor of organ donation. Type II consists of Nine P-Samples. They considered that death was the end of everything and did not believed the life after life. They were very concerned about the present life. Type III consists of Sixteen P-samples. They regarded the death as a natural phenomena. And they considered that the man is just a traveller and is bound to head for the next life which is believed to be free of agony, pain or darkness. They neither feared death nor its process. Their conserns were on the activities to prepare themselves for the eternal-life after death. Thus, it was concluded that there were three distinctiven type of attitudes on death among cancer patient family members, and their death attitudes were affected by demographic and socio-cultural factors such as sex, education, and religion.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.805-812
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• 2011

이 연구의 목적은 고강도로 실시되는 12주간의 웨이트 트레이닝을 통하여 노인 여성들의 신체조성 및 기능적 체력에 어떠한 변화가 있는지를 규명하는 것이다. 연구대상자들은 U경로당에 정기적으로 출입하는 70세 이상 노인 여성 중에 실험의 취지를 알고 자발적 참여의사를 가진 24명을 선정하였다. 선정된 24명을 무선할당 방법을 통해 두 개의 운동집단인 고강도 저항성 운동 집단 (High intensity resistance group, n=8), 저강도 저항성 운동 집단(Low intensity resistance group, n=8) 그리고 비교군 (Control group, n=8)으로 나누었다. 운동집단은 12주간의 고강도 및 저강도 저항성 운동을 실시하였으며, 비교군은 12주간 어떠한 운동에도 참가하지 못하도록 제한하였다. 연구결과, 12주간 실시된 고강도 웨이트 트레이닝은 근력과 민첩성을 유의하게 향상시켰으며, 체지방률과 체지방량은 유의하게 감소시켰다(p<0.05). 평형성 및 심폐능력은 향상되었으나 통계적 유의성은 없었다. 종합해보면 정기적인 고강도 웨이트 트레이닝은 노인 여성들의 체력 개선에 도움을 줄 수 있는 운동이라 사료된다.

• 임상간호연구
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.117-130
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• 2020

Purpose: This study aimed to develop a bedside nursing shift report protocol and evaluate the effect of the protocol in a tertiary hospital in South Korea. Methods: The bedside nursing handoff protocol with patient engagement was developed based on the literature review and the validation of an expert group. The effect of the protocol on clinical implication was tested in three medical-surgical units in a tertiary hospital. Outcomes were assessed by patient perception, nurse perception, and reporting time. Data collected from June to August in 2018 and analyzed with descriptive statistics and One-way ANOVA using SPSS version 25.0. Results: The bedside nursing shift report protocol with patient engagement consisted of two steps: nurse to nurse report and bedside report with patients. Nurse's perception with patient engagement was significantly increased after applying protocol (F=17.85, p<.001). Patient's perception was significantly improved in the areas of discharge plan (F=7.86, p<.001), health information privacy (F=4.46, p=.012) and identify attending nurse (F=3.19, p=.042). There were no differences in reporting time between the bedside nursing shift report and a traditional shift report (F=0.61, p=.054). Conclusion: Patient perception was significantly increased, while nurse perception was not different after applying this protocol. For the change in the perception of nurses, education may be preceded to improve nurses' competence for the bedside shift report. Furthermore, the support in enough nurse staffing should be needed for encouraging the bedside shift report. The bedside shift report may enhance patient engagement. Therefore it may improve patient safety and health outcome in clinics.