• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.27-47
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• 2007

In an effort to apply IT to practices of learning, universities are trying to implement e-Learning systems and expanding the extent of their usage. Nowadays, e-Learning systems are not only used for conducting web-based distance learning, but also used for supporting traditional classes education by encouraging communication and information sharing between instructors and learners or among the learners. There is relatively lack of studies on the exploitation of e-Learning systems in the traditional classes, in comparison with a distance education. Specifically, howe-Learning systems could support the traditional class and/or which benefits e-Learning systems could offer in the classes are among the important issues. In this study, we suggest that e-Learning systems would be the rich media to communicate and exchange information among people who participate in a class. We derive key variables like media richness and media experience from Media Richness Theory and from Channel Expansion Theory. Moreover, Media usefulness and Satisfaction of a learner with e-Learning system is drawn from the literature on IS success. We examine the effects of perceived media richness, media usefulness, and media experience on leaner's satisfaction with e-Learning systems. In addition, we also investigate learner's media usefulness perception which is positively related to media richness and media experience. Finally, learner's experience with e-Learning systems affects perceived media richness. Based on the results of an empirical test. we first suggest that perceived media richness with e-Learning systems contributes to increase media usefulness and satisfaction of a learner. Second, media experience is an important predictor of media richness and media usefulness perception. Consequently, the result can support Channel Expansion Theory. Finally, media usefulness perception affects learner's satisfaction with e-Learning systems.

• Educational Technology International
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.229-251
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• 2016

This study was designed to investigate the relationship between middle school students' smart media competency and online learning outcomes. The context of this study was on online inquiry-based mathematics and science learning environment, and four-hundred and fifty-five (455) 7^th to 9^th grade students in Korea participated in this research. To assess students' smart device competency, Smart Media Literacy Quotient (SMLQ) which consisted of 18 items regarding the operation ability of smart media and its application (14 items) and positive beliefs of smart media (4 items) was administered to each student. The findings of this study first showed that students' smart media literacy varied according to their characteristics such as gender, grade, class (subject), and socio-economic status. Female students' scores were higher in overall smart media literacy operation and learning ability of smart media than male students. 7^th grade middle school students represented lower smart media literacy scores, compared to 8^th and 9^th graders. Also, minority students were significantly lower in smart media literacy, operation and learning ability of smart media, and positive belief of smart media than the non-minority students. Second, overall smart media literacy and operation and learning ability of smart media varied among high, medium, and low score achievers in inquiry tasks. Low scored students in inquiry tasks were significantly lower in overall smart media literacy and operation and learning ability of smart media than medium scored students. Lastly, smart media literacy also varied by students' dropout/completion. Students who dropped out reported significantly lower scores in overall smart media literacy, operation and learning ability of smart media, and positive belief of smart media.

• Educational Technology International
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.41-53
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• 2013

On the basis of two premises and embodied cognition theory, the vibration tactile learning is proposed as an effective method for foreign language learning. The premises are: the real nature of language is sound and the source of sound is vibration. According to embodied cognition theory, cognition is inherently connected to bodily sensation rather than metaphysical and independent. As a result, the vibration tactile learning is: people are able to learn foreign language better by listening to sound and experiencing its vibration through touch rather than solely listening to sound. The effectiveness of vibration tactile learning is tested with two instructional media theories: media comparison and media attribute. For the comparison, an experiment is conducted with control and experimental groups. The attributes of vibration tactile media are investigated in points of relationships with the learning process. The experiment results indicate a small effect on the increased mean score. Three kinds of relationships are found between the media attribute and learning process: enforced stimulus, facilitated pronunciation, and assimilation of resonance to sound patterns through touch. Finally, this paper proposes a new theoretical development for instructional media research: an embodied cognition based media research and development.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.159-168
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• 2008

Human-Robot Interaction (HRI), based on already well-researched Human-Computer Interaction (HCI), has been under vigorous scrutiny since recent developments in robot technology. Robots may be more successful in establishing common ground in project-based education or foreign language learning for children than in traditional media. Backed by its strong IT environment and advances in robot technology, Korea has developed the world's first available e-Learning home robot. This has demonstrated the potential for robots to be used as a new educational media - robot-learning, referred to as 'r-Learning'. Robot technology is expected to become more interactive and user-friendly than computers. Also, robots can exhibit various forms of communication such as gestures, motions and facial expressions. This study compared the effects of non-computer based (NCB) media (using a book with audiotape) and Web-Based Instruction (WBI), with the effects of Home Robot-Assisted Learning (HRL) for children. The robot gestured and spoke in English, and children could touch its monitor if it did not recognize their voice command. Compared to other learning programs, the HRL was superior in promoting and improving children's concentration, interest, and academic achievement. In addition, the children felt that a home robot was friendlier than other types of instructional media. The HRL group had longer concentration spans than the other groups, and the p-value demonstrated a significant difference in concentration among the groups. In regard to the children's interest in learning, the HRL group showed the highest level of interest, the NCB group and the WBI group came next in order. Also, academic achievement was the highest in the HRL group, followed by the WBI group and the NCB group respectively. However, a significant difference was also found in the children's academic achievement among the groups. These results suggest that home robots are more effective as regards children's learning concentration, learning interest and academic achievement than other types of instructional media (such as: books with audiotape and WBI) for English as a foreign language.

• 농촌지도와개발
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.75-101
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• 2010

This study tried to analyze the learning effectiveness of multi-media based class by comparing with traditional classroom method. The "Basic Agricultural Technology" course that is one of the required courses of agricultural high school was selected and its contents were digitalized on MS Powerpoint for multi-media based class. The thirty students were sampled for each experimental and control groups. The homogeneity and learning achievement of sample groups were tested for experiment. Same teacher took the classes of two groups and delivered same contents of course. Only difference between two groups was the delivery method, one is traditional classroom teaching method and the other was the multi-media based class. The learning achievements and satisfaction of sample were post-tested in order to analyze the learning effectiveness by comparing two teaching methods. The results showed that there was a significant difference between experimental and control group in learning achievement after ANCOVA controlled pre-test as covariance(F=5.08, p<.05). It means that the learning achievement of multi-media based class was higher than that of traditional classroom group. The results also showed that a significant difference in students’ satisfaction between two groups (t=5.57, p<.001). This study concluded that using multi-media in class could produce more learning achievements and satisfaction of students than traditional classroom method.

• 정보처리학회논문지A
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• 제9A권4호
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• pp.603-614
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• 2002

멀티미디어 원격강의 컨텐츠를 학습자에게 전달하는 효율은 저작방식에 의해 달라질 수 있다. 영상녹화장치를 사용하여 동영상으로 녹화된 강의는 미디어 서버를 이용하여 스트리밍 방식으로 전송하며, 원격강의 저작도구를 사용하여 저작된 강의는 컨텐츠 파일을 학습자가 다운로드 하여 재생하게 된다 최근에는 플래시 등의 기술을 이용하여 수작업으로 저작한 컨텐츠의 서비스 방식도 늘어나고 있다. 본 논문에서는 미디어 동기화 기법으로 저작된 원격강의 컨텐츠를 재생 시간별고 블록화 하여 인터넷의 여러 서버에 분산배치하고, 이를 학습자 시스템에서 스트리밍 형태로 수집하고 재생하는 시스템을 제안하고 구현한다. 제안한 시스템은 다운로드를 기반으로 한 스트리밍 시스템으로, 일반적인 동영상 스트리밍 방식과는 달리 컨텐츠 자체의 QoS를 보장할 수 있으며, 컨텐츠의 자료를 최신의 것으로 보완하는데 필요한 노력을 줄일 수 있다. 또한, 라 컨텐츠 블록별로 별도로 저작과 관리가 이루어지는 특성으로 인하여 전자게시판과 같은 동적 웹페이지를 컨텐츠 내에 포함시키는 복합 컨텐츠를 쉽게 구성할 수 있다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.1228-1248
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• 2020

Steganalysis & steganography have witnessed immense progress over the past few years by the advancement of deep convolutional neural networks (DCNN). In this paper, we analyzed current research states from the latest image steganography and steganalysis frameworks based on deep learning. Our objective is to provide for future researchers the work being done on deep learning-based image steganography & steganalysis and highlights the strengths and weakness of existing up-to-date techniques. The result of this study opens new approaches for upcoming research and may serve as source of hypothesis for further significant research on deep learning-based image steganography and steganalysis. Finally, technical challenges of current methods and several promising directions on deep learning steganography and steganalysis are suggested to illustrate how these challenges can be transferred into prolific future research avenues.

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.359-368
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• 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the mediating effect of self-leadership on the relationship between media literacy and learning agility in nursing students based on their experiences in online classes during the Coronavirus Disease-19 pandemic. Methods: A descriptive survey was conducted among 165 nursing students from four universities in Busan. Data were collected from June 2 to 13, 2021, and was analyzed using a t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple regression with SPSS/WIN 26.0. Results: Significant relationships were found between learning agility and media literacy (r=.62, p<.001), between learning agility and self-leadership (r=.58, p<.001), and between media literacy and self-leadership (r=.53, p<.001). Additionally, self-leadership had a partial mediating effect on the relationship between media literacy and learning agility (Z=4.30, p<.001); its explanatory power was 46.0%. Conclusion: These results indicate that interventions to increase the level of media literacy, along with self-leadership, are necessary to improve the level of learning agility of nursing students who will be essential human resources in a rapidly changing healthcare field.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.495-509
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• 2011

기술의 급격한 발달에 따라 유비쿼터스 환경 등 다양한 기술적 기반이 확충되면서 최근 소셜 미디어를 활용한 교육활동인 이른바 소셜 러닝에 관심이 증대되고 있다. 본 연구는 소셜 미디어 콘텐츠를 활용하는 학습자의 다양한 참여유형을 분석하고, 나아가 학습을 촉진시킬 수 있는 전략을 탐구하기 위해 실시되었다. 구체적으로, 연구를 수행하기 위한 연구모형으로서 소셜 미디어 콘텐츠 활용 유형을 크게 두 시각으로 나누어 접근하였다. 첫째는 읽기 및 쓰기활동에 근거한 참여형태에 따른 분류로서 프로슈머형, 생산자형, 소비자형, 그리고 비참여자형으로 구분하였다. 둘째는 수업 활동 및 수업외 활동에 따른 참여내용별 분류로서 수업내용, 수업관리, 정서표현, 그리고 친교활동으로 범주화하였다. 본 연구에서 상정한 참여유형을 실증적으로 검증하기 위해 K대학교 학생 14명을 대상으로 8주간 마이크로블로그를 활용한 소셜 미디어 활동을 실시하였으며, 참여형태 및 참여내용에 따른 다양한 학습활동 결과가 분석되었다. 연구결과에 근거하여 소셜 미디어 활용학습 촉진을 위한 방안으로 학습자 분석의 중요성, 교수자 역할의 증대, 그리고 수업모형의 설계 원리와 관련된 내용이 제시되었다.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제44권6호
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• pp.915-924
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• 2022

In this paper, we present a two-stage scalable channel estimator (TSCE), a deep learning (DL)-based scalable, and robust channel estimator for wireless cellular networks, which is made up of two DL networks to efficiently support different resource allocation sizes and reference signal configurations. Both networks use the transformer, one of cutting-edge neural network architecture, as a backbone for accurate estimation. For computation-efficient global feature extractions, we propose using window and window averaging-based self-attentions. Our results show that TSCE learns wireless propagation channels correctly and outperforms both traditional estimators and baseline DL-based estimators. Additionally, scalability and robustness evaluations are performed, revealing that TSCE is more robust in various environments than the baseline DL-based estimators.