• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.141-149
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• 2012

This study investigates the effects of wear training on blood pressure and blood lipid profiles. For the purpose of this research, 'wear training' refers to the alternating stimulation of temperature while using specific clothing under controlled situations ($18.8{\pm}0.2^{\circ}C$, $38{\pm}3%RH$). The participants alternated between two different garments producing a $1.5^{\circ}C$ difference in the innerest microclimate temperature over a period of 4 weeks. The experiments in this study were conducted in a comfortable environment after sufficient rest. The results were as follows. The systolic blood pressure and mean arterial pressure were lower in the post test than in the pre test (p<.05). The atherogenic index (AI) was also reduced and the LDL-C/HDL-C ratio increased (p<.05) in the post test. These results demonstrated that wear training positively affected improvement in vascular stiffness.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.95-106
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to compare direct and three indirect blood pressure measurements in adults and to compare among three indirect blood pressure measurements in adults. One direct(intraarterial) and three indirect(using a mecury sphygmomanometer, a aneroid type sphygmomanometer and an automatic auscultatory device) methods of blood pressure measurement were compared in adult patients who had an arterial line. The subjects for this study consisted of 29 patients in K medical center, B medical center, B hospital and M hospital in Pusan. The data was collected from October 1, 1992 to June 30, 1993. The collected data was analysed with the SPSS program, frequency, percentage, mean, S.D., t-test, ANOVA. The results of this study were as follows : 1) There was a significant difference in the systolic BP when using the direct and three indirect measurements(P<0.05). 2) There was no overall significant difference in the diastolic BP when using the direct and three indirect measurements. 3) There was no significant difference in the SBP and DBP among the three indirect measurements.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.18-24
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• 1986

The mean perfusion pressure produced by 20 different design and size of disposable aortic perfusion cannulas [size range: 18F to 20F] at flow rates of 1 to 5 L/min was compared. A roller pump with perfusion tubing 10mm in inner diameter was used with a mixture of 0.9% normal saline and 100% glycerin [mixing ratio of 6.72:13.28] to make the viscosity as normal blood in 20oC as the test solution. Line pressure in these cannulas at a flow rate of 3L/min ranged from 13.2$\pm$4.47 to 157$\pm$1 34 mmHg in a case of absence of resistance, and from 11.4$\pm$1.14 to 227.2$\pm$4.47 mmHg in a case of presence of resistances 14 cannulas had gradients of less than 100Hg at a flow rate of 3L/min and 9 cannulas less than 100mmHg at 4L/min. The following results were obtained from this experimental study: .1] A wide range of line pressure was observed in disposable aortic perfusion cannulas currently in clinical use; 2] Some cannulas currently used for cardiopulmonary bypass in adults generated excessive line pressure; 3] Both the material and design affect function, with some designs safer than others. Cardiac surgeons should base the choice of aortic perfusion cannula on the best performance and safest design available to avoid cannula-related problems during operation.

• The Korean Journal of Pharmacology
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.23-31
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• 1982

1) Experiments were undertaken to elucidate the mechanism which elevates the systemic arterial blood pressure by cadmium (Cd). 2) The mean arterial pressure and peripheral resistance of central ear artery in Cd-poisoned rabbit were significantly increased in comparison with those in control. 3) The vascular pressure response to electrical stimulation in Cd-poisoned group was less than that in control. However, in the former group it showed the supersensitivity to norepinephrine. 4) The response to electrical stimulation was diminished by sodium arachidonate in the ear artery, on the contrary, it was rather enhanced in the vessel of Cd-poisoned group. The responses in both groups were reduced by pretreatment with either $PGE_2\;or\;PGF_{2{\alpha}}$. 5) The response to electrical stimulation was not affected in control, but enhanced in Cd-poisoned group by pretreatment with indomethacin. 6) When the ear artery of control group was perfused with physiological salt solution (PSS) the response to electrical stimulation was not changed by indomethacin, it was much enhanced without affecting on the response to norepinephrine when $K^+-free\;PSS$, was used. These results demonstrate the evidence that the alteration of regulatory mechanism on the vessels was causally related to the elevation of arterial pressure and the increase in peripheral resistance in Cd-poisoned rabbits.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.64 no.6
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• pp.957-965
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• 2021

Objective : Rapid increase in intracranial pressure (ICP) can result in hypertension, bradycardia and apnea, referred to as the Cushing phenomenon. During decompressive craniectomy (DC), rapid ICP decreases can cause changes in mean atrial blood pressure (mABP) and heart rate (HR), which may be an indicator of intact autoregulation and vasomotor reflex. Methods : A total of 82 patients who underwent DC due to traumatic brain injury (42 cases), hypertensive intracerebral hematoma (19 cases), or major infarction (21 cases) were included in this prospective study. Simultaneous ICP, mABP, and HR changes were monitored in one minute intervals during, prior to and 5-10 minutes following the DC. Results : After DC, the ICP decreased from 38.1±16.3 mmHg to 9.5±14.2 mmHg (p<0.001) and the mABP decreased from 86.4±14.5 mmHg to 72.5±11.4 mmHg (p<0.001). Conversly, overall HR was no significantly changed in HR, which was 100.1±19.7 rate/min prior to DC and 99.7±18.2 rate/min (p=0.848) after DC. Notably when the HR increased after DC, it correlated with a favorable outcome (p<0.001), however mortality was increased (p=0.032) when the HR decreased or remained unchanged. Conclusion : In this study, ICP was decreased in all patients after DC. Changes in HR were an indicator of preserved autoregulation and vasomotor reflex. The clinical outcome was improved in patients with increased HR after DC.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.148-153
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• 1993

To compare two methods of mammary pedicle graft preparations with free internal mammary artery flow, we studied 31 patients who had the left internal mammary artery harvested for coronary artery bypass grafting. The free flow was measured at the transected opening of 2 to 3 cm distal to the point of bifurcation on mean arterial pressure of 50 to 55 mmHg during cardiopulmonary bypass. Group I comprised 14 patients, whose grafts were sprayed and wrapped in sponges soaked in diluted papaverine solution (60 mg in 40 ml Hartmann's solution). An average 80 minutes after the preparations, free flow of the internal mammary artery ranged from 20 to 80 ml/min (mean 37.7 ml/min). Group II comprised 17 patients, who had internal mammary artery takedown under the exact conditions used in group I. The grafts were sprayed and wrapped in sponges soaked in the diluted papaverine solution as in group I. After an average of 28 minutes, free flow ranged from 8 to 28 ml/min (mean 17.6 ml/min). Intraluminal papaverine of the same dilution was then injected without any hydrostatic dilatation and flows increased upto 37 to 150 ml/min (mean 74.7 ml/min). This study shows that intraluminal papaverine preparation method markedly increases free mammary artery flow which is inadequate with external papaverine preparation.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.141-153
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• 2007

Objectives: The purpose of this report is to examine the effect of $BL_{66}$ ${\cdot}$ $GB_{43}$ supplement and LIl ${\cdot}$ $GB_{44}$ draining in acupuncture for cerebral apoplexy treatment. Methods : I designed to investigate whether $BL_{66}$ ${\cdot}$ $GB_{43}$ supplement and $LI_1$ ${\cdot}$ $GB_{44}$ draining in acupuncture affects cerebral hemodynamics [regional cerebral blood flow(rCBF), mean arterial blood pressure(MABP)] in normal rats, and to make manifest whether $BL_{66}$ ${\cdot}$ $GB_{43}$ supplement and $LI_1$ ${\cdot}$ $GB_{44}$ draining in acupuncture is mediated by cyclooxygenase or guanylate cyclase. The changes of rCBF and MABP were determinated by laser-doppler flowmetry(LDF). Results : 1. $BL_{66}$ ${\cdot}$ $GB_{43}$ supplement and LI1 ${\cdot}$ $GB_{44}$ draining in acupuncture increased rCBF significantly, but decreased MABP. These results suggest that $BL_{66}$ ${\cdot}$ $GB_{43}$ supplement and $LI_1$ ${\cdot}$ $GB_{44}$ draining in acupuncture increased significantly rCBF by dilating pial arterial diameter(PAD). 2. By pretreatment with indomethacin(1 mg/kg, i.p.), the effect of $BL_{66}$ ${\cdot}$ $GB_{43}$ supplement and $LI_1$ ${\cdot}$ $GB_{44}$ draining in acupuncture induced increase of rCBF was significantly inhibited, the decreased MABP by treatment with $BL_{66}$ ${\cdot}$ $GB_{43}$ supplement and $LI_1$ ${\cdot}$ $GB_{44}$ draining in acupuncture was increased. 3. By pretreatment with methylene blue($10{\mu}/kg$, i.p.), the increased rCBF by treatment with $BL_{66}$ ${\cdot}$ $GB_{43}$ supplement and $LI_1$ ${\cdot}$ $GB_{44}$ draining in acupuncture was decreased conversely, the decreased MABP by treatment with $BL_{66}$ ${\cdot}$ $GB_{43}$ supplement and $LI_1$ ${\cdot}$ $GB_{44}$ draining in acupuncture was decreased. and then increased. Conclusion : I suggest that $BL_{66}$ ${\cdot}$ $GB_43$ supplement and $LI_1$ ${\cdot}$ $GB_{44}$ draining in acupuncture has an anti-ischemic effect through the improvement of cerebral hemodynamics.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.783-788
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• 2004

Cheonmabanhwa- Tang (CBT) has been used in the Oriental Medicine for many centuries as a therapeutic agent for dizziness due to Poong-Dam, We reported that CBT had effects on the cerebral hemodynamics [regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF), pial arterial diameter (PAD), and mean arterial blood pressure (MABP)] in normal and cerebral ischemic rats. Therefor we designed to determine the mechanism of action of CBT. The changes of rCBF and MABP were determinated by laser-Doppler flowmetry(LDF), and the change of PAD was determinated by video-microscopy. The results were as follows: The CBT-induced increase in rCBF was significnatly inhibited by pretreatment with indomethacin (IDN, 1 ㎎/㎏, i.p.), an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase, or methylene blue (MTB, 10 ㎍/㎏, i.p.), an inhibitor of guanylate cyclase. The CBT-induced increase in PAD was also significantly inhibited by pretreatment with IDN or MTB. The CBT-induced increase in MABP was also significantly inhibited by pretreatment with IDN or MTB. In conclusion, it is suggested that CBT causes a diverse effect on cerebral hemodynamics via mediation of cyclooxygenase and guanylate cyclase.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.596-604
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• 2005

Objectives : Geopungjeseub-tang(Gufengchushi-tang) has been used in oriental medicine for many centuries as a therapeutic agent for hemiplegia caused by deficiency of qi(氣虛) and damp phlegm(濕痰). This study was performed to evaluate effects of Geopungjeseub-tang extract(GJT) on hemodynamics[regional cerebral blood flow(rCBF), pial arterial diameter(PAD), mean arterial blood pressure(MABP), heart rate(HR)] in normal rats and in rats with cerebral ischemia by middle cerebral artery(MCA) occlusion. Also, effects of adrenergic ${\beta}-receptor$, cyclooxygenase on response to GJT were evaluated. Methods : Laser-doppler flowmetry(LDF) measured changes of rCBF, MABP and HR. Video microscope and width analyzer measured changes in PAD. Results : rCBF and PAD increased after treatment with GJT(10mg/kg, i.v.) during the period of cerebral reperfusion, and pretreatment with indomethacin raised rCBF and PAD increased after treatment with GJT during the same period as above. Pretreatment with propranolol decreased rCBF, but increased after GJT treatment, but raised PAD increased after GJT treatment during this period of reperfusion. Conclusion : CR caused diverse responses were observed in rCBF and PAD after treatment with GJT. ACF action is mediated by adrenergic ${\beta}-receptor$ and cyclooxygenase. Result suggest that GJT has an anti-ischemic effect through the improvement of cerebral hemodynamics and has theraputic potential for cerebral apoplexy.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.194-199
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• 2004

Cheonmabanhwa-tang(CBT) has been used in the Oriental Medicine for many centuries as a therapeutic agent for dizziness due to Poong-Dam. This study was designed to investigate whether CBT has a cytotoxicity in vitro, and affects the cerebral hemodynamics [regional cerebral blood flow(rCBF), pial arterial diameter(PAD), and mean arterial blood pressure(MABP)) in normal and cerebral ischemic rats. The changes of rCBF were determinated by laser-doppler f1owmeter(LDF), and the change of PAD was determinated by video-microscopy. The results in normal rats were as follows: CBT had no cytotoxicity in neuronal cells. CBT significantly increased rCBF. MABP and PAD in a dose-dependent manner, respectively. Both rCBF and PAD were significantly and stably increased by CBT(10 mg/kg, i.p.) during the period of cerebral reperfusion. which contrasted with the findings of rapid and marked increase in control group. In conclusion, it is suggested that CBT causes a diverse effect on cerebral hemodynamics thereby has an anti-ischemic action.