• East Asian mathematical journal
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.141-166
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• 2023

The purpose of this study is to confirm the MKT(Mathematical Knowledge for Teaching) of the in-service mathematics teachers on the statistics(Representative value, Degree of scattering) through the comparative analysis between the sub-elements of the MKT. In addition, it is to examine the factors that cause the difference of the subjects' MKT. To accomplish this, by the subject of 12 secondary in-service mathematics teachers, in this study the test items of the MKT on the statistics were developed and data were collected and analyzed. As a result of the analysis of the MKT test sheet, the CCK(Common Content Knowledge) and SCK(Specialized Content Knowledge) of the mathematics teacher was confirmed as a high score, whereas the and KCS(Knowledge of Content and Students) and KCT(Knowldge of Curriculum and teaching) were confirmed as low scores. In addition, through these results, it was shown that the difference in MKT's elements the middle school and high school teachers obtain occurred slightly.

• School Mathematics
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.533-550
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• 2013

Teachers' mathematical knowledge for teaching (MKT) strongly influence student achievement (Hill, Rowan, & Ball, 2005). However, there is generally no record that shows the levels of teachers' MKT in schools and districts. Because of the limited resources, schools and districts need some criteria to decide how to distribute their resources to help teachers improve MKT. This study explores what factors in teachers' backgrounds are related to their levels of MKT. This article examines the relationships between the MKT of 336 elementary teachers and their demographic, educational, and teaching backgrounds. To measure MKT, I used a series of multiple-choice problems. The number of years teaching mathematics is not critical to these measures. Implications are discussed with regard to policy for mathematics teacher education.

• Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.691-715
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• 2015

This study explored preservice secondary mathematics teachers' mathematical knowledge for teaching [MKT]. In order to measure preservice teachers' MKT, we developed items according to Ball, Thames & Phelps (2008)'s domains and conducted to 53 preservice teachers. Also, we interviewed 1 preservice teacher with the items and a set of interview questions. The findings from the data analysis suggested as follows: a) overall, the preservice teachers scored average 30.2 out of 100; b) the preservice teachers appeared to be unable to explain students' difficulties in learning a specific mathematical idea and how they would respond to and resolve such difficulties.

• Journal of the Korean School Mathematics Society
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.427-448
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to confirm the MKT(Mathematical Knowledge for Teaching) of the pre-service mathematics teachers on the normal distribution through the comparative analysis between the sub-elements of the MKT. In addition, it is to examine the factors that cause the difference of the subjects' MKT. To accomplish this, by the subject of 24 secondary pre-service mathematics teachers, in this study the test items of the MKT on the normal distribution were developed and data were collected and analyzed. As a result of the analysis of the MKT test sheet, the CCK(Common Content Knowledge) of the preparatory mathematics teacher was confirmed as a high score, whereas the SCK(Specialized Content Knowledge) and KCS(Knowledge of Content and Students) were confirmed as low scores. In addition, through these results, it could be confirmed that the difference in MKT of preparatory mathematicians occurred.

• School Mathematics
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.469-492
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• 2015

This study explored secondary mathematics teachers' mathematical knowledge for teaching [MKT]; in particular, it focused on teachers' knowledge of functions. In order to measure teachers' MKT, we developed items according to Ball, Thames & Phelps (2008)'s domains and conducted to 34 secondary mathematics teachers in 5 high schools in Seoul. The findings from the data analysis suggested as follows: a) overall, the teachers scored average 67.4 out of 100, 87.43 in Common Content Knowledge[CCK], and the average score of Specialized Content Knowledge [SCK] was the lowest; b) correlations among SCK, KCS, and KCT were statistically significant; and c) there was no sign of statistical significance between CCK and the rest.

• The Mathematical Education
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.399-417
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to explore the adaptability of U.S. multiple-choice items to measure Mathematical Knowledge for Teaching (MKT) in Korea. For this purpose, the authors selected the number and operations form B which was developed by Learning Mathematics for Teaching (LMT) project at the University of Michigan and then adapted items in terms of general cultural context, school cultural context, mathematical substances, and language in Korea. The survey was administrated to 77 Korean in-service teachers who had more than three years of teaching experiences. Based on the survey, the authors compared the data to that of U.S. teachers who had participated California's Mathematics Professional Development Institute. As a result, the survey measures less knowledge Korean teachers than more knowledgable Korean teachers and there are strong correlations of relative item difficulties between Korean teachers and U.S. teachers for both Content Knowledge (CK) items and Knowledge of Content and Students (KCS) items. This study implies the future direction for developing items to measure teacher knowledge as well as designing effective teacher education programs.

• Journal of Elementary Mathematics Education in Korea
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.491-509
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to analyze some Korean elementary pre-service teachers' Mathematical Knowledge for Teaching(MKT). For this purpose, we selected the MKT items on number and operations which were adapted for Korean in-service teachers by Lee(2011). The survey consisting of those items was administered to 76 Korean elementary pre-service teachers at Teachers College, J University. The results are the following: First, the respondents, elementary pre-service teachers, showed that the preference for the MKT items was very affirmative, but the percentages of correct answers to the MKT items weren't generally high. Second, the preference for the instructional consultation by experienced teachers was very affirmative. Third, the percentages of correct answers to KCS, SCK, CCK and KCT were 70.13%, 55.71%, 43.87% and 29.27%, respectively. Fourth, the percentages of correct answers to type 5, 6, and 7 were more than 60%, but those of correct answers to type 1, 2, 3, 4, and 8 were less than 60%. This means we need to strengthen type 1, 2, 3, 4, and 8 in education of elementary mathematics subject at Teachers College of J University.

• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.71-84
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to analyze some Korean elementary pre-service teachers' Mathematical Knowledge for Teaching(MKT) and compare the results with those obtained by Kwon, Nam, & Kim(2009), so that we can provide some suggestions to improve education of elementary mathematics subject at Korean teachers colleges. For this purpose, we selected the MKT items on number and operations which were adapted for Korean in-service teachers by Kwon et al. The survey consisting of those items was administered to 88 Korean elementary pre-service teachers at teachers college, J University. The results are the following: First, the respondents, elementary pre-service teachers, showed that they already had a sufficient amount of Content Knowledge(CK) on number and operations, but that their level of Knowledge of Content and Students(KCS) was insufficient. This means we need to strengthen our students' KCS in education of elementary mathematics subject at our teachers colleges. Second, there was a strong correlation, in both CK and KCS, of item difficulty felt by the respondents with that by the Kwon et al's in-service teachers. Third, although the respondents valued the MKT items more than the above-mentioned elementary in-service teachers, about 70% of them said the items were never learned at their college. Furthermore, they had different opinions on some of the items from their counterparts'. The suggestions we get here are we need to first consider the results in improving education of elementary mathematics subject at our teachers colleges and second develop MKT items suitable for the situation of Korean schools and curriculums in order to obtain exact estimations of Korean elementary pre-service teachers' MKT.

• School Mathematics
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.615-632
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• 2011

The purpose of the study was to investigate the mathematical knowledge for teaching (MKT) of pre-service and in-service mathematics teachers on the concept of vector. 80 pre-service and 124 in-service mathematics teachers were asked to perform three questions based on MKT's subdomain. The results show that pre-service teachers have stronger common content knowledge(CCK). On the other hand, in-service teachers have stronger specialized content knowledge(SCK), knowledge of content and teaching(KCT) compared to those of pre-service teachers. The paper proposes CCK, SCK and KCT about the concept of vector and discusses the relationships between subdomains of MKT.

• The Mathematical Education
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• v.55 no.3
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• pp.317-334
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• 2016

Knowledge and data interpretation on statistical estimation was important to have statistical literacy that current curriculum was said not to satisfy. The author investigated mathematics teachers' MKT on statistical estimation concerning interpretation of confidence interval by using questionnaire and interview. SMK of teachers' confidence was limited to the area of textbooks to be difficult to interpret data of real life context. Most of teachers wrongly understood SMK of interpretation of confidence interval to have influence upon PCK making correction of students' wrong concept. SMK of samples and sampling distribution that were basic concept of reliability and confidence interval cognized representation of samples rather exactly not to understand importance and value of not only variability but also size of the sample exactly, and not to cognize appropriateness and needs of each stage from sampling to confidence interval estimation to have great difficulty at proper teaching of statistical estimation. PCK that had teaching method had problem of a lot of misconception. MKT of sample and sampling distribution that interpreted confidence interval had almost no relation with teachers' experience to require opportunity for development of teacher professionalism. Therefore, teachers were asked to estimate statistic and to get confidence interval and to understand concept of the sample and think much of not only relationship of each concept but also validity of estimated values, and to have knowledge enough to interpret data of real life contexts, and to think and discuss students' concepts. So, textbooks should introduce actual concepts at real life context to make use of exact orthography and to let teachers be reeducated for development of professionalism.