• 대한가정학회지
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• 제49권1호
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• pp.67-78
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• 2011

The purposes of this study were to explore the differences in maternal parenting behaviors, parents' conflict, social support, and social competence according to boys' and girls' depression level. The participants of this study were 150 children of 4 to 6 grades and their teachers from one elementary school in Seoul. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and t-test. The result were as follows: Firstly, depressive boys perceived less maternal warmth and more parents' conflict than non-depression group. And boys of depression group had less task orientation than non-depression group. Secondly, depressive girls perceived less maternal warmth, supervision, and parents' support, and more parents' conflict than non-depression group. And girls of depression group were rated having less peer social skills, frustration tolerance than non-depression group by teachers.

• Human Ecology Research
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• 제57권3호
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• pp.431-444
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• 2019

This study explored the longitudinal developmental paths of preschooler's external problem behaviors from infancy. Subjects consisted of 205 preschoolers (106 boys, 99 girls aged 4) and their mothers recruited for the 2009 in-depth Panel Study on Korean Children. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, correlations, and structural equation modeling using SPSS 18.0 (SPSS Co., Chicago, IL, USA), Amos 18.0 (SPSS Co., Chicago, IL, USA). The results were as follows: Maternal depression at preschooler's age 0 had a direct effect on maternal social parenting style at preschooler's age 0. Maternal social parenting style at preschooler's age 0 had a direct effect on preschooler's effortful control at age 1. Preschooler's effortful control at age 1 had a direct effect on preschooler's external problem behaviors at age 4. Marital conflict at preschooler's age 0 did not have a direct effect on preschooler's effortful control at age 1. The direct effects of maternal depression at preschooler's age 0 on preschooler's effortful control at age 1, and on preschooler's external problem behaviors at age 4 were not significant. In addition, direct effect of maternal social parenting style at preschooler's age 0 on preschooler's external problem behaviors at age 4 was not significant. This study showed that maternal psychological characteristics, marital conflict, maternal social parenting style and preschooler's effortful control in infancy should be considered simultaneously to explain the effect on preschooler's external problem behaviors.

• 아동학회지
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.145-165
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• 2014

The main purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between marital conflict, parental control and children's depression. The participants were composed of 243 elementary school 5th and 6th graders (of which 121 were boys and 122 were girls) from Gyeonggi-do province. They completed questionnaires on marital conflict, parental control and children's depression. The data were analyzed by means of Pearson's correlation coefficients and multiple regression analysis. It was observed that marital conflict (content) had an effect on children's depression. Parental psychological control was also found to have an effect on children's depression. However, parental behavioral control did not appear to have an effect on children's depression. In addition marital conflict (frequency/content) had an effect on parental psychological control. Additionally, marital conflict (resolution) had an effect on parental behavioral control. It was further found that paternal psychological control and maternal psychological control partially mediated the relationship between marital conflict and children's depression. These results clearly indicate that parental psychological control plays an important role in marital conflict and children's depression.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.291-301
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• 2002

This study was performed to develop a scale of maternal conflict based on already established scales and the literature review. The major purpose of this study was to develop a scale of which contains difficulties which mother can feel to rearing her child and can be applied to mothers at home or employed mothers. 68 items were developed. For content validity test, the items were examined by 7 experts panel with Likert 4 scale. The 39 items were selected as high validity from 86% of the experts. The item number of each area and the misunderstanding words were corrected by advices of experts. 10 mothers again examined 39 items in order to correct the misunderstanding words and the long sentences. For reliability and factor analysis of 39 items, 496 mothers participated. 34 items were chosen because 5 items that corrected item-total correlation coefficient were lower than 0.2 were excluded by the result of reliability analysis. Factor analysis was done with 34items. 6 factors were classified higher than eigen value 1.0, 28 items were chosen because 6 items that factor loadings were lower than 0.4 were excluded. These factors were named as employment and caring for child(6 items), child education(5 items), support system for caring for child(4 items), interaction with mother and child(4 items), view of maternal role(5 items) and me as human being(4 items). Reliability analysis was done with 28 items. 1 item(36 number of factor 1) was excluded because corrected item-total correlation coefficient were lower than 0.2. Therefore, 27 items were chosen. Maternal Conflict Scale was contained 27 items. The corrected item-total correlation coefficient of 27 items were ranged from .2345 to .5240 and Cronbach alpha coefficient of those was .8207 by the results of reliability analysis. It can be evaluated that this scale had a high validity and reliability because of passing through an objective process of test.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.145-158
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of socio-demographic variables, family emotional environment and maternal discipline style on school children's emotional regulation. Subjects of this study consisted 953 elementary school students drawn from 4 elementary schools in Cheong-ju city and Cheongwon-gun. Data were analyzed by the methods frequency, percentage, Cronbach's ${\alpha}$, factor analysis, Pearson's correlation, and hierarchical regression using SPSSWIN 12.0 program. The results of this study were as follows: First, girls used greater problem-focused coping than boys did. Children in sixth grade used more problem-focused coping regulation compared to those in fourth grade. When children perceived higher level of family communication, emotional support, participation of family rituals, family worries, and parental conflict, they were more likely to use problem-focused coping. Additionally, both maternal supportive discipline and behavioral controlling discipline styles increased children's problem-focused coping. Second, girls presented greater emotional venting than boys did. Children in sixth grade expressed higher level of emotional venting compared to those in fourth grade. While family communication, family worries, and parental conflict increased children's emotional venting, family emotional support and participation of family rituals decreased it. Only mothers' psychological controlling discipline positively predicted children's emotional venting. Third, girls presented higher level of children's aggressive expression than boys did. The lower level of family support increased children's aggressive expression. Higher level of family worries and parental conflict increased it as well. Also, children's aggressive expression was positively predicted by mothers' psychological controlling discipline. Fourth, girls presented greater avoidance than boys did. Children in sixth grade expressed higher level of emotional avoidance compared to those in fourth grade. In family emotional environment, while family support lowered children's emotional avoidance, family worries and parental conflict increased it. Moreover, mothers' psychological and behavioral controlling discipline styles positively explained children's emotional avoidance. In conclusion, family emotional environment was the strongest factor to predict school children's emotional regulation among other variables.

• Human Ecology Research
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• 제61권3호
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• pp.319-333
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• 2023

The purpose of this study was to examine which sibling and parent-child characteristics were associated with siblisng warmth and conflict among Korean young adults. The data came from an online survey of Koreans aged 19-34 years who had at least one sibling and two living parents. We conducted a multilevel regression analysis using data from 193 men with 305 siblings and 203 women with 286 siblings. The results showed that, for men, the levels of warmth were higher when the sibling was younger, when they received more frequent financial and instrumental support from the sibling, and when maternal favoritism was relatively lower. Women reported higher levels of warmth when the sibling was a sister, when they provided more frequent support for the sibling, when they had a more affectionate relationship with the mother, and when paternal favoritism was lower. As for sibling conflict, the number of siblings was positively associated with the levels of conflict among both men and women. Maternal affection was negatively related with conflict for men, and paternal favoritism was positively related to conflict for women. Interestingly, women's sibling warmth and conflict were both higher when the sibling was a sister, which meant that relationships between sisters tended to be ambivalent. This study contributes to our understandings of Koreans' sibling relationships in young adulthood.

• 아동학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.205-221
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to examine effects of father involvement, marital happiness and conflicts, and meanings of parenthood on maternal parenting stress and compare the relative importance of those variables in three (low, middle, and upper) income groups. The subjects of this study were 654 nuclear families which consisted of 3 family members, couple and their infant children aged between 4 months and 10 months. Data was taken from the 2008 Panel Data of Korean Children. The results of this study were as follows : First, maternal parenting stress, father involvement, mother's marital satisfaction and conflicts were statistically significant according to income levels. Second, mother's marital satisfaction was the most significant variable in predicting father involvement, and mother's marital conflict was the most significant one in predicting maternal parenting stress. Third, the significance and numbers of variables which were impacted upon maternal parenting stress and father involvement varied according to income groups. Fourth, in all three income groups, the effects of father involvement on maternal parenting stress was not significant when marital relationship and meanings of parenthood underwent in regression analysis. However, father involvement was impacted upon maternal parenting stress by itself.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.288-301
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify association between maternal depression and multiple contextual factors in 1,519 mothers in Korea who participated in the 2009 Panel Study of Korean Children (PSKC). Methods: The second wave data which was a comprehensive longitudinal data set with a nationally representative birth cohort was analyzed using SAS 9.3 software. Kessler depression scale was used for this study. Results: Of the mothers, 23.0% reported being mild to moderate depression and 4.5% of the mothers reported severe depression. The factors influencing maternal depression include; mother's self-efficacy, mother's marital conflict, mother's social support, infant's and toddler's emotionality, mother's smoking and infant's feeding & eating of daily routine. These variables explained 39.5% of maternal depression. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that the identified factors for maternal depression should be included in an intervention program to reduce the risk of depression.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제44권6호
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• pp.617-629
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to identify and explain the essences and structures of maternal conflicts in Vietnamese married immigrant women in Korea. Methods: A phenomenological methodology was used for the study. Eleven Vietnamese married immigrant women participated in the study. Verbatim transcripts were analyzed using Colaizzi's method. Results: Four categories, 10 clusters and 26 themes emerged from the data for the experience in maternal conflicts of Vietnamese married immigrant women. The four categories were 'An unprepared young motherhood in another culture', 'Feeling left out of the mother's place along the bands of Nap tai tradition', 'My image is like not-being able to stand alone/be independent' and 'Finding hope in motherhood despite of conflicts and stigmas'. Conclusion: Vietnamese married immigrant women experienced not only the negative aspects but also sublimation of maternal conflicts. Based on the results, health professionals need to develop effective nursing interventions toward a positive maternal identity and approach with interculturalism for the Vietnamese married immigrant women in Korea.

• 아동학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.51-75
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• 1999

This study examined how the attachment styles of married mothers influence their marital conflicts and caring behavior and the behavior problems of their children. Subjects were 60 mothers and their 60 elementary school children. Data were analyzed with correlation, multiple analysis of variance and path analysis. Mothers with unstable attachment styles had more children with behavior problems and they had more serious marital conflicts. Mother's with preoccupied attachment styles experienced more marital conflict than all other styles. Seriousness of marital conflict was related to negative caring behavior and negative caring behavior was related to behavior problems in children. There were direct paths between the attachment style of mothers and both externalized and internalized behavior problems of children in the clinical group.