• Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.20-25
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• 2011

This work focuses on the behavior of the overpotential increase due to a utilization rise in a molten carbonate fuel cell. The behavior is generally explained by Nernst loss, which is a kind of voltage loss due to the thermodynamic potential gradients in a polarization state due to the concentration distribution of reactant species through the gas flow direction. The evaluation of Nernst loss is carried out with a traditional experimental method of constant gas utilization (CU). On the other hand, overpotential due to the gas-phase mass-transport resistance at the anode and cathode shows dependence on the utilization, which can be measured using the inert gas step addition (ISA) method. Since the Nernst loss is assumed to be due to the thermodynamic reasons, the voltage loss can be calculated by the Nernst equation, referred to as a simple calculation (SC) in this work. The three values of voltage loss due to CU, ISA, and SC are compared, showing that these values rise with increases in the utilization within acceptable deviations. When we consider that the anode and cathode reactions are significantly affected by the gas-phase mass transfer, the behavior strongly implies that the voltage loss is attributable not to thermodynamic reasons, namely Nernst loss, but to the kinetic reason of mass-transfer resistance in the gas phase.

• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.587-596
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• 2014

The study aims at suggesting the direction of industrial utilization for harmful jellyfish which appears in large quantities in the Korean coastal areas. If the technology of industrial utilization for the jellyfish is developed, it will be possible to grow the industry to the export industry due to the mass appearance of jellyfish in Korean coastal areas. The industrial utilization of jellyfish should follow the direction of minimizing the damage by the jellyfish blooms and maximizing the resource recycling of the jellyfish. Therefore, Korea needs construction of infrastructure for the industrialization and promotion of R&D in order to activate the industrial utilization. Finally, the study suggested issues and tasks for promoting the industrial utilization of jellyfish as follows. First, Korea should stabilize the high quality raw material supply system. Second, mass processing technology should be developed for the industrial utilization of the jellyfish. Third, research and manual development should follow for the preparation of turning the jellyfish to the food. Fourth, extraction technology of useful non-food substance such as extracting collagen from jellyfish should be developed and accelerate the industrial utilization of non-food area.

• 약학회지
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• 제57권6호
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• pp.400-405
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• 2013

In this study, we measured the complex efficiency of a physiologically active antibody, a chelator and radiosiotopes using the ESI-TOF/Ms system for develop good radiopharmaceuticals. For a precise measurement, TLC is a low accuracy method. Loading of same amount of sample is difficult for each test, and work to quantify accurately the results obtained through TLC cannot be afforded compared to the use of other analytical instruments. The method of analysis using a mass spectrometer is capable of a mass analysis of proteins for quantitative analysis. The conjugates of the chelator (CHX-A- DTPA) and the antibody (IgG) were separated through MWCO, and were analyzed using ESI-TOF and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. The analysis using MALDI-TOF is roughly divided into measurements on mass spectrometry. When conjugating a small molecular weight of CHX-A-DTPA and a large molecular weight of IgG, distinguishing the peak of the conjugate and the peak of IgG was difficult. However, an ESI-TOF mass spectrometer system is capable of an analysis of mass by decentralizing the IgG. It is utilized as a technique for measuring the metabolic processes during conjugation and the stability evaluation of radiopharmaceuticals. When establishing this technique, the accuracy of the overall radiophar-maceutical analysis is expected to be able to be improved.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.344-350
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• 2011

라디에타소나무 단판적층재(LVL)를 제조함에 있어서, CuAz 및 ACQ 방부처리와 비처리, 수성비닐우레탄 접착제와 페놀변성 리조시놀수지 접착제의 상온경화형 접착제를 적용함에 따른 밀도경사, 접착 강도성능 및 내부후성(방부효력)을 살펴보았다. 결과, LVL의 밀도경사에서 접착층 주변이 원추형으로 밀도가 커지는 경사패턴을 보였다. 접착성은 수성비닐우레탄 접착의 경우, 자비반복시험 후 전층이 박리되거나, 일부 층이 박리하고 할렬 틈새 현상이 일어났다. 페놀변성 리조시놀수지 접착제 접착의 경우, 자비반복시험 후 접착층의 응력이 큰데 연유한 굽음과 상하 접착층 사이의 단판의 수직할렬 현상이 있었으나, 접착층의 박리나 할렬이 거의 발견되지 않아 침지박리접착력은 높은 것으로 판단되었다. 한편, 방부효력시험에 있어서, 수성비닐우레탄 접착제로 적층한 LVL의 경우 갈색부후균에 의한 부후도가 백색부후균보다 크게 나타났다. 페놀변성 리조시놀수지 접착제로 LVL을 제조한 경우에는 갈색부후균에 의한 질량감소가 적었고, 약제를 처리하지 않더라도 그 피해가 낮았으며, 약제처리한 것은 질량감소율 0 수준을 보일 정도로 방부효력이 큰 것을 알 수 있었다.

• 자원리싸이클링
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.25-33
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• 2023

이차전지 산업의 성장과 함께 이차전지의 생산량과 사용량의 급격한 증가가 예상되며, 이와 맞물려 생산 스크랩을 포함한 폐이차전지의 재활용에도 많은 관심과 노력이 이루어지고 있다. 그동안 폐이차전지 재활용은 양극재를 중심으로 많은 노력이 이루어졌지만, 핵심 광물의 공급망 확보와 재활용률 향상을 위해 음극재의 재활용에도 많은 관심이 기울이기 시작하였다. 음극재의 주성분인 흑연 분석을 위해 석탄의 함량을 측정하는 공업분석이 활용될 수 있지만, 기존의 석탄 분석에 활용되는 공업분석 방법은 블랙 매스의 구성 성분 간의 상호작용으로 인해 정확한 측정이 불가능하다. 이에 본 연구에서는 산소 분위기에서 950℃까지의 온도 상승에 따른 블랙 매스 각 성분의 열중량 변화를 측정하였다. 측정 결과 양극재의 경우에는 양극재에 포함된 바인더와 도전재의 산화에 의한 약 5%의 질량 감소 이외에는 질량 변화가 측정되지 않았으며, 음극재의 경우에는 약 2%의 바인더에 의한 질량 감소 이외에는 모두 고정 탄소에 의한 질량 감소로 측정되었다. 또한 블랙 매스에 함유될 수 있는 금속 전극(Al, Cu)들은 온도가 상승함에 따라 산화되어 질량이 증가하는 현상이 관찰되었다. 다양한 혼합 비율의 양극재/음극재 혼합 시료의 열중량 변화 측정 결과는 양극재와 음극재 각각의 열중량 변화를 통해 계산할 수 있는 예측값과 유사한 결과를 보여, 블랙 매스의 열중량 특성 변화를 통해 음극재의 함량 도출이 가능할 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지하수토양환경학회 2000년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.171-176
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• 2000

Bioremediation of hazardous hydrophobic organic compounds, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), is a major environmental concern due to their toxic and carcinogenic properties. Due to their hydrophobicity, the hydrophobic organic compounds are mainly associated with the soil organic matter or nonaqueous-phase liquids. A major question concerns the relationships between biodegradation and sorption. This work develops and utilizes a non- steady state model for evaluating the interactions between sorption and biodegradation of phenanthrene, a 3-ring PAH compound, in soil-slurry systems. The model includes sorption/desorption of a target compound, its utilization by microorganisms as a primary substrate existing in the dissolved phase and/or the sorbed phase in biomass and soil, oxygen transfer, and oxygen utilization as an electron acceptor. Biodegradation tests with phenanthrene were conducted in liquid and soil-slurry systems. The soil-slurry tests were performed with very different mass transfer rate: fast mass transfer in a flask test at 150 rpm, and slow mass transfer in a roller-bottle test at 2 rpm. In the slurry tests, phenanthrene was degraded more rapidly than in liquid tests, but with a similar rate in both slurry systems. Modeling analyses with several hypotheses indicate that a model without biodegradation of compound sorbed to the soil was not able to account for the rapid degradation of phenanthrene, particularly in the roller bottle slurry test. Reduced mass-transfer resistance to bacteria attached to the soil is the most likely phenomenon accounting for rapid sorbed-phase biodegradation.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.138-147
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• 2020

Various microorganisms play important roles in food fermentation, food spoilage, and agriculture. In this study, the biotype of 54 yeast and bacterial strains having high potential for utilization in food and agriculture, including Candida spp., Lactobacillus spp., and Acetobacter spp., were characterized by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). This characterization using a fast and robust method provides much-needed information on the selected microorganisms and will facilitate effective usage of these strains in various applications. Importantly, the unique protein profile of each microbial species obtained from this study was used to create a database of fingerprints from these species. The database was validated using microbial strains of the same species by comparing the mass spectra with the created database through pattern matching. The created reference database provides crucial information and is useful for further utilization of a large number of valuable microorganisms relevant to food and agriculture.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.652-658
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• 2011

The growth kinetics of Streptomyces noursei NRRL 5126 was investigated under different aeration and agitation combinations in a 5.0 l stirred tank fermenter. Poly-${\varepsilon}$-lysine biosynthesis, cell mass formation, and glycerol utilization rates were affected markedly by both aeration and agitation. An agitation speed of 300 rpm and aeration rate at 2.0 vvm supported better yields of 1,622.81 mg/l with highest specific productivity of 15 mg/l.h. Fermentation kinetics performed under different aeration and agitation conditions showed poly- ${\varepsilon}$-lysine fermentation to be a growth-associated production. A constant DO at 40% in the growth phase and 20% in the production phase increased the poly-${\varepsilon}$-lysine yield as well as cell mass to their maximum values of 1,992.35 mg/l and 20.73 g/l, respectively. The oxygen transfer rate (OTR), oxygen utilization rate (OUR), and specific oxygen uptake rates ($qO_2$) in the fermentation broth increased in the growth phase and remained unchanged in the stationary phase.

• 디지털산업정보학회논문지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.121-133
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• 2015

IoT utilized network vitalization between objects are being rapidly established within current IT communication environment. Therefore the worth of smart mirrors is rising for it is a tool to allow online network between objects to be possible in human communication environment. For effective IoT generation's communication, this research intends to evaluate the smart mirror's value for practical uses based on the users' experiences. For the UX evaluation according to the locations where it will be used, Peter Morville's Honeycomb model and Jocob Nielsen's usage evaluation principles were referred to analyze effectiveness of 4 factors, utilization convenience, communication effectiveness, mass interest and space adequateness on households, public places and work places. Hence, we have were led to an objective result through statistical analysis method based on survey. As a result, we have confirmed the smart mirror's positive influence on the users' effective communication in all places. Especially in households, utilization convenience and space adequateness appeared to be high that confirmed sufficient users' need for the home-automation services. In public places, the communication effectiveness and space adequateness ranked high to confirm that the smart mirror utilization is adequate to provide location information. Also, in work places, the mass adequateness was high that we were able to confirm that supply of work place-specific service contents would bring meaningful results to the users. The smart mirrors are the adequate method to provide effective communication in IoT generation with high possibilities in further development.

• 한국조리학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.95-113
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• 2016

본 연구는 대중매체 활용실태에 대하여 알아보고, 영양정보 습득의 활용도, 만족도, 요구도 조사를 통해 대중매체를 활용한 식품영양정보의 제공 방향을 제안하고자 한다. 대전 충남지역의 성인을 대상으로, 총 한 달 동안 온라인과 오프라인 설문 조사 방법을 병행하여 양적 연구를 실시하였다. 대중매체(TV, 인터넷)를 통해 제공하고자 하는 식품영양정보 주제와 관련된 요리방법 및 메뉴소개를 함께 제시한다면 대중들의 정보 획득률과 활용률을 향상시키는데 도움이 될 것으로 여겨지며, 대중들의 과장된 내용에 대한 불만족을 해소하기 위해서는 객관적이고 전문적인 공공기관이나 홈페이지 등을 사용하여 대중들이 식품영양정보를 제공 받을 수 있도록 활성화 시켜야 하는 것으로 조사되었다. 이와 동시에 식품영양정보를 제공할 시 대중매체의 특성을 살린 흥미롭고 다양한 정보를 제공하는 형식은 지속적으로 유지할 필요가 있으며, 매체 관계자들은 정보 수용자가 대중매체를 통한 식품영양정보를 제공받을 때 겪고 있는 불편 요소들에 대하여 정확히 파악하고 개선시킬 필요가 있다. TV와 인터넷 사이에 응답자들이 요구하는 식품영양정보 주제와 매체별 형식에 차이가 있는 것으로 분석되었으므로 매체 관계자들은 국민에게 효과적인 식품영양정보의 제공을 위해서 본인들이 제시하고자 하는 식품영양정보 주제에 따라 어떤 매체와 형식으로 제공하는 것이 대중의 바람직한 식생활 형성에 더욱 효과적일지 고려해 볼 필요가 있다.