• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제21권7호
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• pp.779-785
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• 2012

Several tests and experimental work have been done for identifying the best growth conditions and accumulated amount of lipid moiety in B. braunii, a microalga(UTEX 572) in terms of media composition. The specific growth rate was found to be the highest at 0.15 g/L-day when the phosphorus concentration was doubled with the other ingredients at the normal level. Experiments for varied media compositions revealed that the accumulation of lipid was the highest at 48% (dry cell weight based) in the nitrogen deficient medium and its corresponding specific growth rate was comparative to that in the normal BG 11 medium. In the bubble column experiments, carbon dioxide containing air produced four times more cell mass than air only. Light and glucose addition also enhanced cell mass with maximum, 1.8 g/L and accordingly 42% of lipid composition, which turned out to be a better strategy for higher lipid-producing microalgal culture.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.166-171
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• 1999

This study was conducted to investigate the removal rate of nitrogen and phosphorus, and lipid production from a swine wastewater by Botryococcus braunii UTEX 572 in an outdoor photobioreactor. B. braunii successfully predominated in competition with bacteria and other algae, especially Oscillatoria, which were grown spontaneously in a secondary-treated swine wastewater, under the conditions of incubation temperature at $25^{\circ}C$ and increased inoculum amount at 287mg/l. There was a significant relationship between dry weight of B. braunii and absorbance of culture solution at 680mn(r2=0.967), suggesting that the latter is as good as the former commonly used for the measurement of algal biomass which is considerably time-consuming. The removal rates of COD, TOC, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus from the swine wastewater were 33.2$\pm$2.6% and 32.8$\pm$3.2, respectively, which showing no different between them. These results suggested that the mass cultivation of B. braunii in an outdoor photobioreactor could be used for the advanced treatment of swine wastewater and lipid production.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제42권11호
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• pp.61-84
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to present foundational data to promote the cultural welfare status of youth. The actual condition of the youth's cultural welfare was investigated by investigating the degree of youth's cultural welfare satisfaction and needs by regional groups. A total of 1486 questionnaires were used for the final data analysis. The analysis revealed the following results. 1. Actual conditions of adolescents cultural welfare. 1) Among various cultural activities, adolescents find leisure and social activity, artistic, mass media and video-media activities very boring and one-sided, Instead, they have greater interest in computer- and Internet-related activities, such as getting and sharing information and communication. 2) While adolescents living in urban areas benefit from well developed social infra-structure, those living in rural areas seldom take advantage of it. 3) The obstacles against cultural welfare of the youth can be categorized as: 'lack of money,' 'lack of time,' and 'lack of cultural facilities. ' In urban areas 'lack of time' becomes an issue, whereas in rural areas 'lack of money' and 'lack of cultual facilities' are important. 2. Degree of cultural welfare satisfaction of the youths. Youths generally appear either 'unsatisfied' or 'neutral' concerning their satisfaction degree about leisure and social activity parts, and art and play-activity paris. On the other hand, they appear 'neutral' concerning their satisfaction degree about computer- and Internet-related information and communication parts, and mass- and video-media activity parts. In addition, urban youths show a higher degree of satisfaction than rural youths. 3. What the youths need To improve their culture welfare status, they need a lot of supplements for cultural activity in the form of cultural infra-structure. Regarding the cultural infra-structure, rural youths need more than urban youths.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.252-258
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• 2006

본 연구는 족제비고사리의 대량번식법을 개발하기 위하여 전엽체의 기내배양 및 기외 포자체 형성의 적정 조건을 구하고자 실시되었다. 기내에서 전엽체 증식은 MS배지의 무기물 조건에서 가장 활발하였고, $NH_4^+:NO_3^-$의 농도비가 10:50mM이고, 2%의 sucrose가 첨가된 배지에서 생장이 향상되었다. 전엽체 생장에 적합한 배지의 pH는 5.8이었으며, 적정 agar 농도는 $0.6{\sim}0.8%$로 조사되었다. 배지에 첨가된 생장조절물질(NA, IAA, 2,4-D, BAP, kinetin 및 2ip)은 대부분 농도가 높아질수록 전엽체의 생장을 더욱 저해하는 것으로 나타났다. 기내에서 증식된 전엽체를 토양 별로 기외이식한 결과, 상토 단용구에서 가장 많은 포자체가 형성되었으며, $GA_3\;100{\mu}M$에서 3시간 동안 침지처리 한 전엽체로부터 포자체의 형성이 현저히 촉진되었다.

• Mycobiology
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.28-30
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• 2009

This study was aimed at evaluating the growth promoting effect of symbiotic algal polyol (ribitol) and plant hormones on the lichen-forming fungi (LFF), Ramalina farinacea (CH050010 and 40403) and Ramalina fastigiata. The addition of ribitol to basal (malt-yeast extract) medium enhanced the relative growth rates of all three LFF. R. farinacea (CH050010), R. farinacea (40403) and R. fastigiata (H06127) showed 35.3%, 29.0% and 29.3% higher growth rates, respectively, compared to the control. IBA (indole-3-butyric acid) and TIBA (2,3,5-tridobenzoic acid) also increased growth rates of the LFF by 34 to 64% and 7 to 28%, respectively, compared to the control. The combination of ribitol with IBA or TIBA synergistically increased the growth of all LFF. For example, ribitol and IBA treatments increased growth rates of R. farinacea (CH050010), R. farinacea (40403) and R. fastigiata (H06127) by 79.4%, 40.3% and 72.8% in, respectively, compared to those grown on the basal medium. The stimulating effect of ribitol and IBA on the LFF growth induced vertical development of the fungal mass in culture. We suggest that lichen-forming fungal growth of Ramalina lichens can be stimulated aposymbiotically by supplementing polyols and plant hormones to the basal medium in the mass production of lichen secondary metabolites under large scale culture conditions.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.490-494
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• 2003

토양으로부터 분리한 균주 중 항진균 활성이 우수한 균주를 선발하여 B-1이라 명명하였다. B-1의 항균성 물질 생산에 대한 배양조건을 검토하기 위해 최적배지, 탄소원, 질소원, pH, 온도별로의 영향을 조사하였다. PDB 배지에서 항균력이 우수하였으며 탄소원$.$질소원에는 별다른 영향이 없었다. pH와 온도에서는 각각 pH 5.0, 28$^{\circ}C$에서 항균력이 우수하였다. 항균 활성은 진균에서 강하게 나타났으며 일부 세균에서도 항균력을 나타내었다. 항진균성 물질은 산, 알칼리 처리 후 잔존 활성은 70∼80%로 나타났으며 열처리시 완전히 실활되어 열에 대해 상당히 불안정하다는 것을 확인하였다. 항균성 물질위 용매 전용성을 위해 TLC를 통하여 분석하였으며 plate assy를 실시하여 항균성물질을 확인하였다. 항진균성 물질의 대량생산을 위해 기본배지인 PDB를 직접 실험실 내에서 제조하였으며 시판의 PDB와 비교하였을때 항균성 물질 생산면에서나 가격면에서 더 나은 결과를 보였다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.435-443
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to investigate eco-friendly measures to manage major diseases which cause heavy economic damages to ginseng. Morphological, physicochemical, and molecular biological species identification was carried out after isolating useful antagonistic bacteria from ginseng fields. In addition, optimal conditions for mass culture were established, and he efficacy of the bacteria in the prevention of the diseases was verified in the field. The results showed that about 150 bacteria were extracted from 150 ginseng fields in the whole county. Among them, B. pyrrocinia LA101 was finally selected, which had a strong antagonistic potency against Alternaria panax, Botrytis cinerea, Rhizoctonia solani, and Cylindrocarpon destructans on agar media. The B. pyrrocinia LA101 is a baculiform gram-negative bacterium identified as Burkholderia pyrrocinia according to results from an API(Analytical Profile Index) kit, 16S rRNA, and gyrase gene sequencing analysis. It was donated to the microbe bank of the Agricultural Genetic Resources Center at the National Academy of Agriculture Science under the Rural Development Administration on September 28, 2011 (Donation No. KACC91663P). A patent for the mass culture technology was granted in August 2012 (Patent No. 10-1175532).

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2000

This study was to investigate the effects of concentration of malt extract in Sikhye manufacture on saccharification time, shapes of saccharified rice(the cooked rice) and sensory evaluation score of Sikhye. The optimum concentration of malt extract to reduce saccharification time and to keep desirable shapes of saccharified rice was 4 times (rice 24g, malt 28g and D.W. 240ml) as suitable as base composition formula(rice 6g, malt 7g and D.W. 240ml). The shapes of saccharified rice were influenced by the concentration of malt extract, the saccharification time and the shapes of steamed rice before saccharification. A good taste(softness) of Sikhye rice and the desirable shapes of saccharified rice were more suitable in the case of a small amount of unsaccharified starch than in the case of finishing saccharification. The optimum saccharification time to keep the desirable shapes of saccharified rice was 240min and also was desirable between 210 and 270min. To keep a good taste(softness) and the desirable shapes of saccharified rice, and to reduce the manufacturing time, it is desirable to in mass production of Sikhye add 3 times more water after making Sikhye in the ratio of rice 24g, malt 28g and water 240ml. In this case the whole amount will become 4 times as much as the original one.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.1150-1156
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• 2017

Understanding phosphorus metabolism in photosynthetic organisms is important as it is closely associated with enhanced crop productivity and pollution management for natural ecosystems (e.g., algal blooming). Accordingly, we exploited highly time-resolved metabolic responses to different levels of phosphate deprivation in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, a photosynthetic model organism. We conducted non-targeted primary metabolite profiling using gas-chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometric analysis. Primarily, we systematically identified main contributors to degree-wise responses corresponding to the levels of phosphate deprivation. Additionally, we systematically characterized the metabolite sets specific to different phosphate conditions and their interactions with culture time. Among them were various types of fatty acids that were most dynamically modulated by the phosphate availability and culture time in addition to phosphorylated compounds.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.125-135
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• 1997

With rapid changes in social environments, the phenomena of consumption emerge as diverse forms in Korea-excessive consumption, impulsive consumption, imitative consumption, conspicuous consumption, obsessive consumption, etc. Especially, this researcher is interested in how conspicuous consumption of clothing has been reported in newspaper articles. Therefore, the present study is trying to infer reasons for the actual conditions of prevalent conspicuous consumption of clothing in Korean society since the 1980's. Articles in the newspaper from 1991 to 1996 have been studied to provide for study. The rapid industrialization of Korea since the 1960's has led to serious social competition and stratification. For this reason there has been a rise in the relative deprivation and alienation of low-income classes. Hence, they tend to consume clothing conspicuously in order to reduce their complex against wealthy classes. In addition, the improvement of income levels has led to a change in values towards consumption, and materialism. These changes in values along with mass communication are the main factors affecting conspicuous consumption of clothing. Finally, the present study concludes that the state of conspicuous consumption of clothing is based more on the socio-constructive dimension than the personal dimension. Further study of conspicuous consumption of clothing need to focus on the socio-constructive dimension. But because this study only infers the reasons for conspicuous consumption of clothing in terms of constructive dimension, our findings suggest further need for much more detailed and experimental discussion on the issue. The concrete reasons need to be explored in further research.