• Industry Promotion Research
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.15-28
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• 2020

In this study, the methodology for measuring the structure of the Korean defense market and the competition status, and the characteristics of the Korean defense industry and the market are examined. To analyze the structure of the Korean defense market and the competition status, the market share, concentration ratio, and the Herfindal-Hirschman index are employed based on the annual sales of major Korean defense companies. On a basis of the result of the analysis, the suggestions for the Korean defense market to escape from the monopolistic market to be a competitive geographical market are presented. To present the suggestions, markets that have a similarity with the dense market are analyzed. The government's support policy, the selection of the companies led by the government, and the cost of the military are suggested for the defense market on a basis of analyzing similar markets. With the suggestions, when the government pursues the policies, the defense market sticking to principles and fairness is created and the efficiency of the companies operation is achieved, by enhancing the structure of the market fundamentally and the development of the policies in the industry's perspective.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.139-146
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• 2016

Due to the continuous increasement of the container cargoes, each container port market has been growing as well. Moreover, the competition among container terminal operators located in the same port is also growing in order to attract more container cargoes. This paper looked into the market structures, market conducts and market performances of container ports in Busan and Shanghai. The index which has been most widely used to measure market structure, the Hirschman-Herfindahl Index (HHI), is computed by squaring each supplier's market share, then adding the squared shares. This paper estimated the market performance as profitability (PCM, ROA), growth (total TEU, rate of the increasement of TEU) and examined the effects of the HHI on the profitability and growth in a container terminal operators in Korea and China. The major findings of this study is that the market structure has effects on market performance in Busan port (total TEU) and Shanghai port (PCM, ROA and total TEU). As a result of analysing this study, market structure has an effect on market performance in Busan and Shanghai port, but the power of influence can be changed by market concentration index and various market conduct of companies.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.59-65
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• 2020

For monitoring the status of industrial accidents, many statistical indexes have been developed and applied such as fatal rate, frequency rate, and severity rate. These accident indexes are measured by frequency and loss time according to the accidents in the individual industry level. However, it is less considered to use the index of identifying the industrial concentration of accidents in the holistic view. Thus, this study aims to suggest the accident concentration level among domestic industries through index analysis. The concentration level of industrial accidents is calculated by the accident composition of sub-industries. This concentration level shows whether an industry is comprised of a few sub-industries generating more accidents or an industry consists of sub-industries having the similar number of accidents. To this end, the concentration rate (CR) and concentration index (CI) are proposed to take a look at the industry composition of accidents by embracing the concept of market concentration indexes such as Hirschman-Herfindahl Index. As for the case study, four industries of mining, manufacturing, transportation, and other business (usually service) are analyzed in terms of indexes of accident rate, death(fatality) rate, and CR and CI of accident and death. Finally, we illustrate the positioning map that the accident concentration level is compared with the traditional accident frequency level among industries.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.78
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• pp.141-176
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• 2016

This study investigates changes of market structure from 2001 to 2015 in the Korean daily newspaper industry using concentration and mobility measures. The main empirical results are as follows. First, the industry's total asset shows a U-shaped trend, despite the downward trend of the industry's total sales revenue. Second, the market concentration, measured in terms of assets, shows the trend of an inverted-U shape. The relatively small firms, measured in terms of assets, have on average gained in market share while the relatively large firm have lost. Third, market concentration, measured in terms of sales revenues, shows a U-shaped trend. the relatively small firms, measured in terms of sales revenues, have on average gained in market share while the relatively large firm have lost. My central argument has been that it is desirable to supplement traditional concentration measures with mobility statistics and trend analyses in investigating and regulating market structure.

• Journal of the Korean Regional Science Association
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.19-30
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• 2023

This study analyzed intra-regional disparities by using the concentration index of industrial organization theory. And the range of study is 11 cities in Chungcheongbuk-do province. This study aims to clarify the characteristics of the intra-regional disparities by using concentration ratio(CR) and Herfindahl-Hirschman Index. After the review of previous studies, we intend to study the intra-regional disparities using these two indexes. Target is the bio-health industry that all povinces in South Korea want to develop competitively. In addition the analysis was conducted by dividing the bio-health industry into four detailed fields(pharmaceuticals, medical devices, health functional foods, and cosmetics). These fields are based on the results of the city and county competitiveness-enhancing industry. The research results derived the intra-regional disparities index based on sales, the number of workers, and R&D expenses by detailed field. As a result it was confirmed that the strengths according to the detailed fields differed by region. It can be used as basic data in establishing differentiated industrial development strategies for each region in the future.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.15-28
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• 2015

This research examined a task to foster into the export industry, through analyzing the competitiveness of the ornamental fish industry and identifying the position of Korea's ornamental industry in the world. Ornamental fish in Korea holds the world's leading aquaculture technology, but products are limited to a few species, lacking competitive products. In the case of aquarium supplies, the Korean technology level is receiving relatively positive marks in the global market, but ornamental fish products are lagging behind the global trend. In other words, Korea's ornamental fish industry has the overall technical foundation, but lacks differentiation in the global market. Meanwhile, Korea's market share of world trade market in fishery products is minimal. Growth was also analyzed not high compared to other countries. Various trade competitiveness index results rated very low in competitiveness, but it is hard to compare Korea with other countries which have already built a strong foundation in the ornamental fish industry. Therefore, for the mid to long term Korea should adapt a "Choice and concentration" strategy and focus on the production of ornamental fish and aquarium supplies, which will enable Korea to become differentiated in the global market and capture the world exports.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.99-108
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• 2020

Purpose: This paper investigated the relationship between market competition and firm valuation error. Furthermore, Additional analyses were made according to the quality of financial reports and the listed market. Through the process we confirm to the impact of competition on the capital market. The purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of competition on valuation errors. The preceding studies did not provide a consistent results of the effects of competing functions on the capital market. One view is that the competition could mitigate the information asymmetry, and the other is that monopolistic lessens the manager's involvement in financial reporting. This study is intended to expand the prior study by analyzing the impact of competition on the capital market and on the valuation of investors. Research design, data, and methodology: The analysis was conducted on 12,031 samples over 11 years from 2008 to 2018 using data from market in Korea. Here the valuation error was measured by the research methodology of Rhodes-Kropf, Robinson and Viswanathan (2005), and competition measured by Herfindahl-Hirschman Index multiplied by (-1), and Concentration Ratio by (-1). Results: We confirm that the positive relationship between competition and the valuation error. In addition, we also found that the positive relation between competition and valuation error was in cases of low discretionary accruals and the KOSDAQ market. This means that the net function of competition does not mitigate valuation errors. Conclusions. This study has the following contributions when compared to prior research. First, the relevance between the level of competition and the valuation of the entity was confirmed. The study by Haw, Hu and Lee (2015) suggested that monopolistic industry of analysts' forecast is more accurate due to lower the variability in earnings. This study magnified it to confirm that monopolistic lessen information uncertainty in valuation. Second, the study on valuation errors was expanded. While the study on the effect of valuation errors on the capital market is generally relatively active, it is different that competition degree has analyzed the effect on valuation errors amid the lack of research on the effect on valuation errors.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.397-406
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• 2014

Recently, China has expanded enormously its economic trade exchange bilaterally with other nations and developed as the second largest aviation market in the world. While open skies bilateral agreements were signed between China and other countries, the agreement processes influenced the aviation market structure and market sharing heavily. This paper analyzed the Chinese aviation market by such three angles as market scale, competitive situation, and market concentration. It is concluded that the Chinese aviation market is the oligopolistic market structure tested by the Herfindahl-Hirschman Index. Finally, suggestions are given to the airlines operating in China such as joining the air alliance, paying attention to a different frequent flyer program (FFP) etc.

• Korea Trade Review
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• v.47 no.6
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• pp.229-246
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• 2022

In order to understand the economic damage of economic sanctions on trade between Korea and Russia, a trade structure analysis was conducted through statistics on import and export trade between Korea and Russia. Through the structural analysis of product trade, we tried to accurately analyze the current status of product trade between Korea and Russia. In the trade structure analysis, it was confirmed that the trade in goods between Korea and Russia decreased the most in market share and trade concentration. However, trade specialization, comparative advantage by market, and intra-industry trade index were not significantly affected despite strong economic sanctions. from Russia's point of view Smart measures are needed to address the current situation to avoid a greater economic downturn. The end of the war and the restoration of partnership with other countries are considered the most beneficial solutions for Russia and all countries, but it is difficult to predict how the war will go or what economic situation Russia will be in after the war.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.21
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• pp.239-269
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• 2007

The purpose of this thesis is to analyze empirically the relationship between market structure, measured by Herfindahl-Hershmann Index(HHI), and financial factors, and innovation in Korean industry panel datasets for 2000-2006. Results show that debt ratio and scale of the firm has a consistent positive effect on the investment in research and development. As more scale of the firm is getting bigger, the investment in R&D decrease. Also, as more debt ratio of firm rise, the investment for innovation increase. Concentration ratio, the HHI and the classification factor of High-tech industry and Low-tech industry has a consistent positive effect on the innovation. Factors affecting the investment in research and development include market structure and characteristics of industry as well as the internal affairs of the firm.