• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.51-57
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• 2017

Background: The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of manual therapy and therapeutic exercise on pain and body function in elder women with chronic low back pain. Methods: The patients with chronic low back pain were randomly divided 2 group. The experiment group (n=11) was taken manual therapy and therapeutic exercise program. The control group (n=10) was taken physical therapy program(hot pack with 30 minutes and ICT with 15 minutes and ultra sound with 15 minutes). Both groups intervention performed 3 session during 6 weeks. We measured the quadruple visual analogue scale, flexibility, static balance, leg strength subject of symptom before and after experiment. The significant test pared t-test according to applying the manual therapy and therapeutic exercise group and control group between group used independent t-test. Results: Pain assessment in the experimental group was significantly different between time and group. Flexibility test groups were not significantly different between time and group. The static balance was not significantly different for the time. Strength tests were also not significantly different for the time. Conclusions: According to the results, manual therapy and therapeutic exercise group it was found to be helpful in pain, flexibility, static balance, not strength in elderly patients with chronic low back pain.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.49-57
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• 2023

Purpose : This study aimed to systematically review the correlation between hand dexterity and cognitive function in the elderly, and summarize various evaluation tests and results analysis methods for manual dexterity tests applied to this population. Methods : We searched published studies in the Korean Studies Information Service System and PubMed databases from January 2013 to March 2023. The main keywords used were "dexterity," "fine motor," "elderly," "cognitive function," and "correlation." A total of 10 studies were selected for analysis from the 1,524 searched articles. The included studies consisted of a cohort study, a longitudinal study, and eight cross-sectional studies which were analyzed for patients, intervention, comparison, and outcomes. Results : Analyzing the qualitative level of 10 studies, 8 articles (80%) were non-randomized two-group studies that provided level II evidence whereas the remaining 2 studies (20%) were non-randomized single-group studies (level III evidence). Therefore, these results indicated that the level of evidence in this field is generally high. The Purdue pegboard test was the most commonly used evaluation test for manual dexterity, and velocity speed was the most frequently employed analysis method. Results indicated that there were significant differences in manual dexterity test between the normal elderly, those with mild cognitive impairment, or dementia. Conclusions : These results can be used as a basis for selecting dexterity test evaluation items and methods to analyze it in the elderly while screening for cognitive impairment. In addition, this study highlights potential areas for future research on the development of manual dexterity evaluation tools and techniques for analysis and the need for more reliable and valid methods for assessing cognitive function in the elderly.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.317-324
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to examine the validity of the Manual Ability Classification System (MACS) by analysing of relation between MACS and Jebsen-Talyor Hand Function Test. The concurrent validity was examined by calculation of correlation between MACS and Jabsen-Talyor Hand Function test and the discriminant validity was examined by measurement of hand function difference according to MACS level. For this, eighty-one children with spastic cerebral palsy were employed in this study. The children were evaluated by using the MACS and Jebsen-Taylor Hand Function Test for their hand function. There were a significant correlation between the MACS and Hand function (r = .870, p < .05). The good correlation between the MACS and subtest of Jabsen-Talyor Hand function (p < .05). The hand function according to the MACS level were different significantly (p < .05). The MACS is valid classification system for assessment of hand function of children with cerebral palsy. The MACS in practice will provide usefulness for assessment of hand function in children with spastic cerebral palsy.

• The Journal of Churna Manual Medicine for Spine and Nerves
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.21-33
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• 2014

Objectives : This study was to report the improvement of the patient with multiple sclerosis treated by Korean Medical treatment. Methods : The patient diagnosed as multiple sclerosis treated by acupuncture, bee venom pharmacupuncture, chuna manual therapy, and herbal medicine. To evaluate the effects of korean medicine, we used manual muscle test(MMT), the standard for assessment of the effect of stroke treatment, functional system(FS), visual analog scale(VAS). Results : 1. The patient's pain and optic dysfunction were reduced by the above therapy. 2. There was no change in manual muscle test(MMT), but there was mild improvement in finger joints function in the standard for assessment of the effect of stroke treatment. 3. In functional system(FS) scale, there was enhancement in optic function within a range. And there was improvement in expanded disability statue scale(EDSS) from 4.0 to 3.0. 4. In visual analog scale(VAS), there was considerable improvement from 9 to 6. Conclusions : The korean medical treatment was reduced pain and optic dysfunction.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.9 no.9
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• pp.287-294
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• 2009

The purpose of this research is to test the relationship between ACLT(Allen Cognitive Level Test) and FIM(Functional Independence Measure), MMSE-K(Mini-Mental State Examination), and MFT(Manual Function Test). 38 elderly persons with stroke were recruited. Pearson Correlation Coefficients is used for correlation test. There is statistically significant correlation between ACLT and FIM, MMSE-K, and MFT(p<.05). This results identified the relationship between cognitive function and activities of daily living, indicated the usability of ACLT as a cognition assessment tool and the need of research for it's application in stroke patients.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.75-79
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• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of $\alpha$-wave music and art appreciation on hand function. Methods: A total of 22 university students participated in this study (10 males and 12 females). Twelve subjects received $\alpha$-wave music and art appreciation. The other subjects received neither. All subjects were assessed for hand function (manual dexterity, power grip, pinch, lateral pinch, tactile sense) using a Purdue pegboard, dynamometer, pinch gauge, and Semmes-Weinstein monofilament wire. The data were analyzed using paired and independent t-tests. Results: The results were as follows: 1. In the experimental group, manual dexterity and tactile sense were significantly increased between pre- and post-intervention (p<0.05). Within the control group, manual dexterity and power grip were significantly increased between pre- and post-test (p<0.05). 2. With regard to dexterity and tactile sense, the experimental group experienced a significant post-intervention increase compared to the control group (p<0.05). There was no significant difference in power grip, pinch, or lateral pinch changes between the two groups (p>0.05). Conclusion: The results of this study show that $\alpha$-wave music and art appreciation affect hand function with regard to manual dexterity and tactile sense.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.24-31
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• 1996

Manual dextrity is frequently evaluated in rehabilitation to estimate hand function. The Box and Block Test(BBT) mearsures gross manual dextrity. The first goal of this study was to verify the test-retest reliability of the BBT for 4, 5 years old children. The second goal of this reserch was to develop normative data from 35 convenient sample of normal children. The results showed the test-retest reliability was high (Pearson product moment correlation coefficients of 0.71 to 0.82).

• Journal of TMJ Balancing Medicine
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.13-18
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• 2011

Objectives: We investigated muscle force from the upper limb lifting resistance test to conform the objectivity in manual muscle test. Methods: We made standard method in upper limb lifting resistance test to compare with experiment method switching the lower limb position left & right. And resistance forces of upper limb of subject were checked to inspector with closing eyes. Results: 1. The lifting resistance of right upper limb was stronger when the lower limb of right and left were abducted. 2. The lifting resistance of right upper limb was weaken when the lower limb of right and left were adducted. 3. The lifting resistance of right upper limb was weaken when the lower limb of right and left were elevated. Conclusions: As the above results, the deltoid muscle force checked in the upper limb lifting resistance test is affected by the location of lower limbs, it suggested that the muscle force of some part in the body will be affected by the other parts. It will be useful to understand the symmetry principle of body in muscle function.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.43-47
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• 2011

Purpose: The aim of this preliminary study was to use hand function tests to Hand dexterity levels provided by the type of compression garment and compression bandages in asymptomatic subjects and to collect baseline data for the comparison of hand functions in the patients with chronic arm lymphedema. Methods: The subjects of this study were 32 healthy volunteer female with a mean age of 45.8 years. Grip strength and hand functions were tested in three conditions-no compression, compression garment, and compression bandages-using the nine-hole peg test (NHPT), the box and block test (B&BT), Minnesota Manual Dexterity test (MMDT), and the hand-held Jamar dynamometer. Results: The grip strength was significantly low in the bandage condition (p<0.05). The performance in both compression groups (i.e., bandage and compression garment) decreased as the thickness of the compression material increased (p<0.05). Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that grip strength and hand function scores are influenced by the characteristics of the compression applied. Future study is needed to determine the level of hand function between patients with chronic arm lymphedema and healthy individuals.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2004.08a
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• pp.372-376
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• 2004

With the growing traffic density and increasing comfort requirements, the automation of the drive train will gain importance in vehicles. The automatic clutch actuation relieves the drivers especially in urban driving and stop-and-go traffic conditions. In this paper, an electro-mechanical actuator for clutch-by-wire (CBW) system is implemented as the first stage for the development of automated manual transmissions. The prototype of CBW actuator is designed systematically, which is composed of the electric motor, worm & worm wheel and crank mechanism. And the test rig is developed to perform the basic function test for the automatic clutch actuation. The developed prototype is validated by the experimental results on the test rig.