• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.10
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• pp.413-422
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• 2017

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of a well-being program on the meaning of life, self-efficacy and successful aging of elderly using an elderly welfare center. Method: The Welding program training was a non-equality control pre- and post-test design consisting of eight sessions for eight weeks, 120 minutes per week. Data were analyzed by the ${\chi}^2$-test, Mann-Whitney U test, and Wilcoxon rank test. Results: The education program was found to influence meaning of life, self-efficacy and successful aging among the elderly. Conclusion: The Welding program has a positive effect on meaning of life, self-efficacy, and successful aging of the elderly, helps the elderly to set values for correct death[ED highlight - please clarify this, I am not sure of your intended meaning.] and give happiness to their lives. It is expected to be used as a useful education program to help raise awareness. The results of this study suggest that the development of a lighting program[ED highlight - please clarify what you mean by this.] for elderly people should be systematically and continuously implemented.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.337-347
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• 2009

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of vitamin E ($\alpha$-tocopherol) administration on bone formation in response to expansion of the inter-premaxillary suture, in rats, histomorphometrically. Methods: Thirty 50 - 60 day old Wistar rats were separated into five equal groups (one control and four experimental). All groups were subjected to inter-premaxilla expansion with 50-gram of force. Six control animals received saline solution (Group I) and three experimental groups were treated with a single dose of $\alpha$-tocopherol injected into the inter-premaxillary suture after one day after appliance placement (Group II: 2 mg/kg; Group III: 10 mg/kg; and Group IV: 50 mg/kg). A further group of six animals received three injections of 10 mg/kg $\alpha$-tocopherol, one each on days 3, 6, and 9 (Group V). Bone formation in the suture was evaluated by bone histomorphometry. Kruskal-Wallis rank and Mann-Whitney U tests were used for statistical evaluation at p < 0.05 level. Results: New bone area, bone perimeter, feret's diameter and newly formed bone measurements were significantly higher in the experimental groups than the control (p < 0.001). Bone architecture in $\alpha$-tocopherol administrated groups was improved, and bone formation during the expansion period was stimulated significantly, in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusions: The application of $\alpha$-tocopherol during the early stages to orthopedically expanded inter-premaxillary suture areas may stimulate bone formation and shorten the retention period, in rats.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.39 no.6
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• pp.393-401
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• 2009

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the shear bond strength (SBS) of brackets and microleakage of a tooth-adhesive-bracket complex bonded with a direct and an indirect bonding technique after thermocycling. Methods: Fifty non-carious human premolars were divided into two equal groups. In the direct bonding group a light-cured adhesive and a primer (Transbond XT) was used. In the indirect-bonding group, a light-cured adhesive (Transbond XT) and chemical-cured primer (Sondhi Rapid Set) were used. After polymerization, the teeth were kept in distilled water for 24 hours and thereafter subjected to thermal cycling (500 cycles). For the microleakage evaluation, 10 teeth from each group were further sealed with nail varnish, stained with 0.5% basic fuchsin for 24 hours, and examined under a stereomicroscope. Fifteen teeth from each group were used for SBS testing with the universal testing machine and adhesive remnant index (ARI) evaluation. Data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test, Chi-square test, and Fisher's exact test. Results: There were no statistical differences on SBS and microleakage between the two bonding techniques. The indirect bonding group had a significantly lower ARI score. Bracket failures were obtained between enamel-resin interfaces. Conclusions: The type of bonding technique did not significantly affect the amount of microleakage and SBS.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.8
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• pp.605-614
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• 2016

This study was conducted to apply occupational reminiscence therapy (ORT) to the elderly diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) who reside in the local community and determine its effects on cognitive functions, physical health, communication and interaction skills, and depression. The participants were elderly diagnosed with MCI who visited YW community health center on a regular basis and were randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group. The experimental group received eight one hour sessions of ORT once a week. Individual interviews were then conducted with the participants to determine if an event or activity had been commonly experienced, after which the program was modified and supplemented as necessary by referring to previous programs. The Content Validity Index (CVI) was calculated, and differences before and after ORT's were identified by paired t-tests. Moreover, the Mann-Whitney U-test was conducted to identify differences in variances between groups. Only participants in the experimental group (n=9) reported significant improvements in cognitive function, physical health status, communication and interaction skills, and depression when compared to those in the control group (n=9). Therefore, it is expected that ORT will be actively used as a non-pharmacological intervention for preventing dementia and improving the health of elderly persons with MCI.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.329-336
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of low-dose CT (LDCT) for emphysema compared with high-resolution CT (HRCT). Measurements of radiation dose and noise were repeated 3 times in same exposure condition which was similar with obtaining HRCT and LDCT images. We analysed reading results of 146 subjects. Six images per participants selected for emphysema grading. Emphysema was graded for all 6 zones on the left and right sides of the lungs by the consensus reading of two chest radiologists using a 4-point scale. Between the HRCT and LDCT images, diagnostic differences and agreements for emphysema were analyzed by McNemar's and unweighted kappa tests, and radiation doses and noise by a Mann-Whitney U-test, using the SPSS 19.0 program. Radiation dose from HRCT was significantly higher than that of LDCT, but the noise was significantly lower in HRCT than in LDCT. Diagnostic agreement for emphysema between HRCT and LDCT images was excellent (k-value=0.88). Emphysema grading scores were not significantly different between HRCT and LDCT images for all six lung zones. Emphysema grading scores from LDCT images were significantly correlated with increased scores on HRCT images (r=0.599, p < 0.001). Considering the tradeoff between radiation dose and image noise, LDCT could be used as the gold standard method instead of HRCT for emphysema detection and grading.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.271-277
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• 2002

This paper was described on the characteristics of bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) whistle to develop a warning and attracting acoustic system which can be made friends woith environment and minimized to the fishing pollution from Cetaceans. The experiment for the acoustics of bottlenose dolphin whistle was carried out in dolphin performance hall at Seoul Grand Park during 18th~19th April, 2002. The frequency and the spectrum level of whistle a same pool were revealed 6~10KHz and 85㏈ but those revealed two harmonic waves a 6.7KHz and 21.3KHz for the frequency and 110㏈ and 94㏈ for the spectrum level, respectively, when a dolphin isolated from others. The range of frequency change of whistle was 3.86KHz and continuous time was 0.08 sec. The range of frequency change 10.20 KHz higher as 14.06 KHz and continuous time was 0.11sec longer as 0.19sec when a dolphin isolated from others. By the Mann-Whitney test for the result, there was a significant difference for the range of frequency change and continuous time between normal condition and when a dolphin was isolated from others. The pattern of whistle at the dolphin performance hall was five types and the frequency was getting increased slowly in the range of 5~10KHz at normal condition but there were pattern change of 5~20KHz at the isolated condition. Therefore it is thought that these experiments would be valuable for the development of acoustic system.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.2585-2592
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the shear bond strength between metal core fabricated by 3D printing and dental porcelain. Thirty metal cores were fabricated(cast 15ea, 3D printing 15ea). The porcelain for each group was builded to the metal core. Sample was loaded to shear force(crosshead speed 1mm/min) in a universal material testing machine. The fracture samples were analyzed failure aspect. The means were statistical analyzed using by Mann-whitney test(${\alpha}=0.05$). The period of experimental(metal cores fabrication, dental porcelain build up, data analysis, statistical analysis, failure aspect analysis and others) for this study took six months. The $mean{\pm}SDs$ of shear bond strength was $50.14{\pm}1.60MPa$ for the cast group, and $54.36{\pm}3.18MPa$ for the 3D printing group(p=0.035). The failure aspect showed mixed failure. As a results, metal cores fabricated by 3D printing method were clinically acceptable range.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.193-200
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• 2013

Objectives : This study is to examine the effects of moxibustion at Junggeuk(CV3), Singwol(CV8) on women's urinary incontinence and quality of life. The study is a research based on the non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design. Methods : The subjects of the study were 45 women who were using either of 2 health clinics located in Ulsan. They were sampled in accordance with predetermined standards and then divided into the experimental and control groups, respectively consisting of 22 and 23 members. In treating those women through moxibustion, this researcher applied 2 sheets of 'shingigu' to each of the women on 40 min, per time basis. This experiment was conducted 6 times in total for 2 weeks on every two day basis. Data from all of the measurements were statistically processed and analyzed using SPSS/WIN 12.0. Demographic characteristics of the subjects were examined and indicated in frequency and percentage. The homogeneity test of the two groups was conducted using $x^2$-test, Fisher's exact test, t-test and Mann-Whitney U Test. Hypotheses set for the study were verified through t-test and Mann-Whitney U Test. Results : The experimental group who take moxibustion will be lower in the severeness of urinary incontinence than the control group who do not was supported(p<0.001). 2. The experimental group who take moxibustion will be higher in score for life quality than the control group who do not was supported(U=42.00, p<0.001). Conclusions : These findings suggest that moxibustion can be an effective intervention for women having urinary incontinence because it treats the symptom with no adverse effect and it is non-invasive and easily applicable.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.29-34
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• 2013

Objective: All patients who have the disc displacement with reduction (DDwR) are always not progressive but some of them with significant catching or locking progress to disc displacement without reduction (DDw/oR). In this study, we suggest opening exercise therapy using Locking-free Appliance (LA) to be helpful to prevent progressive derangement. Methods: Retrospectively, a total 37 patients who received exercise treatment using LA was analyzed from January 2010 to December 2011. Patients had been instructed in proper exercise technique to practise for opening and closing of mouth wearing the appliance 30 times a day in locking-free position. Results: None of the patients took a turn for worse to DDw/oR (37 patients). The 16 patients (43.2%, locking-free group) of them could open their mouth without intermittent condylar locking. Measurement of data was analyzed using and Mann-Whitney test. There was no statistically significant difference for age, gender, presence of palpational pain, locking period, VAS quantitative pain score between locking-free group and locking group. Conclusions: In this study, some patients could open their mouth without intermittent locking and did not take a turn for worse to DDw/oR after opening exercise therapy with LA. Furthermore, LA had advantages which were short wearing time, low costs and minimizing patients' uncomfortable compared to conventional treatment method. This therapy can be more appropriate new treatment to prevent progress to DDw/oR.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.342-347
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• 2009

Statement of problem: when using resin for class II restoration, micoleakage by instrumentation can be regarded as the primary negative characteristic. A review of the available literature suggests that using flowable resin as liner to decreased microleakage. Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the influence of the nanofilled flowable resin lining on marginal microleakage after load cycling in class II composite restoration fillings using nanofiller resin. Material and methods: 24 extracted premolars were prepared with class II cavity. F group was restored the nanofilled resin with the nanofilled flowable resin as liner. NF group was restored the nanofilled resin only. After restoration, an experiment was performed on 2 groups using a 300N load at 104, 105 and 106 cycles. Prior to and before each load cycling, it was gauged length on total marginal microleakage, axial marginal microleakage and buccal, gingival, lingual marginal microleakage. Data were analyzed with the Mann-Whitney test & Kruskal-Wallis test. Results: There were statistically significant differences between 2 groups and between individual groups. (P <.05) The result showed less microleakage in teeth restored by the nanofilled resin, which was lined by the nanofilled flowable resin. Conclusion: There was significant reduction in microleakage when the nanofilled flowable resin lining was placed underneath the nanofilled resin in class II composite restoration fillings.